scholarly journals Telomere length variation does not correspond with the growth disturbances in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia Panasiak ◽  
Karolina Szubert ◽  
Marcin Polonis ◽  
Konrad Ocalewicz
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Telomere Attrition ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

AbstractSomatic growth is considered to affect pace of the telomere attrition in vertebrates. As normally developed and dwarf fish differ in the body size we have decided to compare telomere length in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with normal growth and with growth reduced due to the dwarf condition. Examined 1-year-old fish with normal and dwarf appearance were siblings originated from androgenetic fully homozygous doubled haploid (DH) line of rainbow trout. Particular dwarf individuals had body deformities such as humpback, kyphosis, and lordosis. Somatic cells of examined rainbow trout had an average telomere length between 17 and 20 kb, comparable in females and males. Dwarf rainbow trout exhibited significantly lower body length and weight than their normally developed siblings even though no differences in the telomere length were found between these fishes. Statistical analysis did not exhibit any correlation between body size and the telomere length. Equal length of telomeres observed in the studied normal and dwarf rainbow trout suggests morphological and physiological differences in fish with different growth rates do not affect dynamics of telomeric DNA. Or any variation in the telomere length might have been levelled by telomerase that in rainbow trout is active in all tissues irrespective of the individual developmental stage.

Telomere length variation does not correspond with the growth disturbances in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Ocalewicz ◽  
Ligia Panasiak ◽  
Karolina Szubert ◽  
Marcin Polonis
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Telomere Attrition ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Abstract Somatic growth is considered to affect pace of the telomere attrition in vertebrates. As normally developed and dwarf fish differ in the body size we have decided to compare telomere length in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with normal growth and with growth reduced due to the dwarf condition. Examined on-year old fish with normal and dwarf appearance were siblings originated from androgenetic fully homozygous doubled haploid (DH) line of rainbow trout. Particular dwarf individuals had body deformities such as humpback, kyphosis and lordosis. Somatic cells of examined rainbow trout had an average telomere length between 17 and 20 kb, comparable in females and males. Dwarf rainbow trout exhibited significantly lower body length and weight than their normally developed siblings even though, no differences in the telomere length were found between these fishes. Statistical analysis did not exhibit any correlation between body size and the telomere length. Equal length of telomeres observed in the studied normal and dwarf rainbow trout suggests morphological and physiological differences in fish with different growth rates do not affect dynamics of telomeric DNA. Or any variation in the telomere length might have been levelled by telomerase that in rainbow trout is active in all tissues irrespective of the individual developmental stage.

Myotomal slow muscle function of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss during steady swimming.

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (10) ◽  
pp. 1659-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Hammond ◽  
J D Altringham ◽  
C S Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Negative Power ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Strain and activity patterns were determined during slow steady swimming (tailbeat frequency 1.5-2.5 Hz) at three locations on the body in the slow myotomal muscle of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss using sonomicrometry and electromyography. Strain was independent of tailbeat frequency over the range studied and increased significantly from +/-3.3 % l0 at 0.35BL to +/-6 % at 0.65BL, where l0 is muscle resting length and BL is total body length. Muscle activation occurred significantly later in the strain cycle at 0.35BL (phase shift 59 degrees) than at 0.65BL (30 degrees), and the duration of activity was significantly longer (211 degrees at 0.35BL and 181 degrees at 0.65BL). These results differ from those of previous studies. The results have been used to simulate in vivo activity in isolated muscle preparations using the work loop technique. Preparations from all three locations generated net positive power under in vivo conditions, but the negative power component increased from head to tail. Both kinematically, and in the way its muscle functions to generate hydrodynamic thrust, the rainbow trout appears to be intermediate between anguilliform swimmers such as the eel, which generate thrust along their entire body length, and carangiform fish (e.g. saithe Pollachius virens), which generate thrust primarily at the tail blade.

scholarly journals Post-ovulatory secretion of pituitary gonadotropins GtH I and GtH II in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): regulation by steroids and possible role of non-steroidal gonadal factors

1999 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Chyb ◽  
T Mikolajczyk ◽  
B Breton
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ovarian Fluid ◽  
Multiple Injections ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

In order to determine the factors of ovarian origin which can modulate the postovulatory secretion of the FSH-like gonadotropin (GtH I) and the LH-like gonadotropin (GtH II), freshly ovulated female rainbow trout were divided into two groups. In the first group the fish were stripped in order to eliminate the eggs and ovarian fluid from the body cavity, while in the second group the eggs were kept in the body cavity. Subsequently, fish from both groups were implanted with testosterone (10 mg/kg), 17beta-estradiol (10 mg/kg) or 17,20beta-ddihydroxy-4-regnen-3-one (17,20betaP) (1 mg/kg) or injected every 2 days with desteroidized ovarian fluid (1.5 ml/kg). The secretion of GtH I dramatically increased in stripped fish, reaching its maximum levels 2 weeks after ovulation. The preservation of eggs in the body cavity led to the suppression of this increase. The profiles of GtH II secretion were opposite to those encountered for GtH I because the increase of GtH II was observed only in unstripped fish. The administration of steroids showed that testosterone is able to inhibit GtH I release and stimulate that of GtH II in stripped fish, having no effect on the release of these gonadotropins in non-stripped animals. 17beta-Estradiol failed to modify GtH I secretion, however it decreased the release of GtH II in fish containing retained eggs in the body cavity. 17,20betaP had a delayed stimulating influence on GtH I release in unstripped fish. Finally, multiple injections of desteroidized ovarian fluid into stripped fish led to a significant decrease of GtH I release and to an increase of GtH II secretion. This study demonstrates that factors, which are present in ovarian fluid, modulate the post-ovulatory secretion of both gonadotropins--their net action is negative on GtH I and positive on GtH II. Among the steroids, testosterone is of major importance, being able to inhibit GtH I release and to stimulate that of GtH II. We also show that non-steroidal factors present in the ovarian fluid can influence the release of both gonadotropins, which indirectly supports the previous findings about the existence of inhibin/activin-like factors in fish.

Digestive characteristics and blood chemistry profile of triploid rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: influence of body size and seasonal variation

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiong Meng ◽  
Buying Han ◽  
Changzhong Li ◽  
Kangkang Qian ◽  
Xiaohong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

scholarly journals Sublethal Cobalt Toxicity Effects on Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Nasri ◽  
Saeed Heydarnejad ◽  
Amin Nematollahi
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cobalt Concentration ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Essential Trace Elements

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the sublethal Co toxicity on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Trout were exposed to Co and selected parameters were evaluated at intervals of 1, 15 and 30 days. Fish exposed to higher levels of Co grew slower than fish exposed to lower levels of Co. Weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) decreased linearly with the increase of cobalt in the water. The body condition factor (CF) of fish reared in water with low cobalt concentration decreased substantially but this decrease was not significant for fish exposed to higher cobalt concentration. The values of the feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased in fish exposed to higher levels of Co. Co significantly changed the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and decreased at day 30, and in both cases this decrease was more remarkable at day 15 so that the level of AST and ALT reached the control value at day 30. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level also showed a remarkable 15-day decline. There was a significant increase in glucose (G) concentration in both Co-exposed groups on day 15. However, serum cholesterol (Chl) was significantly reduced on day 15 and increased on day 30; there were no significant differences in both exposed Co-groups. The triglyceride (TG) level also decreased substantially. There was no regular pattern of total protein (TP) in the serum, so that no significant differences were found in the level of TP between low and high-exposed fish. In summary, this study suggests that exposure of essential trace elements such as cobalt may change growth and biochemical parameters, and that measurement of these parameters may be used in toxicological studies to determine the general health status of fish.

Evaluation of the composition of essential fatty acids in the tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) grown in closed water supply units

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-501
Author(s):  
E.A. Zykina ◽  
M.V. Gurin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Aquaculture Products

Recently, the task of artificial cultivation of especially valuable fish species in aquaculture has become more and more urgent. The value of salmon fish, and in particular rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) available for breeding, is largely determined by the high content of biologically active essential and polyunsaturated fatty acids of the group ω-6 and ω-3, necessary for vital activity and not synthesized by the human body. Since the natural stocks of many popular fatty fish have decreased, farmed fish can help meet consumer demand for this product. Based on this, the assessment of the content of the main ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids in the fat of rainbow trout grown in closed-loop water supply installations (USV) was made. The fat was extracted from the fish by thermal method with further distillation by supercritical fluid extraction on the SFT-150 unit. The ratio of fatty acids in the fish oil sample was determined using the Chromatek-Kristall-5000 M hardware and software complex. The results obtained were compared with the standard for salmon fish oil “Aquaculture products” and “Wild fish”. It is established that trout cultivated in the UZV in the Penza region, in terms of the content of the main essential fatty acids, is not inferior to the quality indicators of the standard in terms of the requirements for salmon fish of “Aquaculture products”. In fish, all essential fatty acids are present in sufficient quantities, the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 is 2.6:1, which indicates a high nutritional value of the product and allows it to be used in human food to provide the body with essential fatty acids, as well as a raw material for obtaining therapeutic and preventive products.

An alternative model to study the association of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss L.) pathogens with the gill tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Decostere ◽  
K. Henckaerts ◽  
R. Ducatelle ◽  
F. Haesebrouck
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Branchial Arch ◽  
Ringer Solution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Perfusion Model ◽  
Trout Gill ◽  
Branchial Artery

This study describes the development of a trout gill perfusion model, consisting of an excised branchial arch from rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss L.), perfused via the afferent branchial artery and suspended in a circular organ chamber filled with Ringer solution. Different perfusion fluids were tested: Ringer, Cortland, Ringer + procaine, Ringer + adrenalin, Cortland + procaine, Cortland + adrenalin and Cortland + dextran 1% . The latter perfusion fluid proved to be satisfactory, maintaining the gill tissue in a healthy condition outside the body of the fish for at least 180 min. Using this model, the interaction of damaging agents with the trout gill tissue may be studied under carefully controlled conditions. The trout gill perfusion model leads effectively to a reduction in the number of experimental animals to be used and also involves an elimination of pain and/or suffering, which is as good as complete.

Effects of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) on amphibians in productive recreational fishing lakes of British Columbia

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1770-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Lynne McGarvie Hirner ◽  
Sean P Cox
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Amphibian Conservation ◽  
Recreational Fishing ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Salamander Larvae

Stocking lakes with trout to enhance recreational fishing can negatively affect native aquatic species. Our objectives were (i) to compare presence, relative abundance, body size, and developmental stage of amphibians in lakes with and without rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in British Columbia’s southern interior, and (ii) to estimate the size of trout impact for application to amphibian conservation. Presence of long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum), Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris), and Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla) was not significantly different between lake types. In contrast, western toad (Bufo boreas) larvae presence and relative abundance were significantly higher in lakes with trout. Relative abundance of salamander larvae was significantly lower in lakes with trout, but hypothesis testing did not provide consistent evidence of significantly lower abundances of spotted frog and treefrog larvae. However, estimated ratios of relative abundance (impact) indicated that larvae of the salamander and two frogs were ≥65% less abundant in lakes with trout. Salamander larvae were significantly smaller in lakes with trout. Although amphibians may currently coexist with trout in our study region, trout stocking policy in British Columbia should consider amphibian conservation because the presence of trout is associated with lower amphibian abundance and body size in individual lakes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document