Development and determination of genetic similarity of parental lines and F1 hybrids in strawberry

Two tomato lines with normal maturation (NR-1 and NR-2) have been crossed with two mutant lines (NR-10 nor and NR-12 rin) with delayed maturation (shelf life). Determination of mutant genes has been done by ?2 test on 100 fruits from F2 generation. Fruits have been picked 65 days from antesis and kept for 60 days, when six evaluations have been done. Data have been collected every 10 days on parental lines and progeny F1 and F2 generation. Variance testing has been done on the basis of one- and two-factorial analysis and groups compared by contrasts. Fruits have been preserved in controlled conditions (in dark at 5?C). Tomato genotypes with nor or rin gene had desirable traits (delayed ripening, long shelf life and firm fruits) for modern selection, so they should be included in programmes aiming to create commercial F1 hybrids.

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Genetic Structure of Cultivated Varieties of Radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.): A Comparison between F1 Hybrids and Synthetics

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants8070213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alice Patella ◽

Francesco Scariolo ◽

Fabio Palumbo ◽

Gianni Barcaccia

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Cichorium Intybus ◽

Genetic Identification ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Individual Plant ◽

Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽

Genotype Frequencies

Cichorium intybus L., well known in Italy with the common name “Radicchio”, is an important leafy vegetable that is prevalently reproduced by allogamy due to very efficient barriers of self-incompatibility. Marker-assisted breeding is widely used by seed firms to develop new hybrid varieties that manifest genetic distinctiveness, uniformity and stability. A total of 29 mapped microsatellite markers were used for genotyping 504 samples of the Red of Chioggia biotype: First, two synthetics, four F1 hybrids and two derived F2 populations were compared to assess the distinctiveness of their gene pool and structure; then, the uniformity and stability of 3 years of production of a commercial F1 variety were also investigated. Genetic similarity and diversity statistics as well as the genetic structure of populations were analysed, including allele and genotype frequencies. The mean estimates and ranges of genetic similarity enabled the molecular discrimination of OP synthetics from F1 varieties and their F2 progenies and the determination of individual plant memberships. Moreover, the genetic structure of F1 hybrids produced in 3 years unexpectedly revealed two main clusters that discriminate the first 2 years from the 3rd, mainly because of the presence of uncommon specific alleles and different allele frequencies. Overall, this molecular information will enable breeders to determine the genetic distinctness, uniformity and stability of commercial and experimental varieties, as well as their genetic relationships and relatedness. Hence, this work provides a useful tool for achieving the molecular characterisation and genetic identification of different radicchio populations.

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Genetic Similarity of Avena sativa L. Varieties as an Example of a Narrow Genetic Pool of Contemporary Cereal Species

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071424 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1424

Author(s):

Magdalena Cieplak ◽

Sylwia Okoń ◽

Krystyna Werwińska

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Avena Sativa ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Central European ◽

Cereal Species ◽

Genetic Pool ◽

Selection Of ◽

High Genetic Similarity

The assessment of the genetic diversity of cultivated varieties is a very important element of breeding programs. This allows the determination of the level of genetic differentiation of cultivated varieties, their genetic distinctiveness, and is also of great importance in the selection of parental components for crossbreeding. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of genetic diversity of oat varieties currently grown in Central Europe based on two marker systems: ISSR and SCoT. The research conducted showed that both these types of markers were suitable for conducting analyses relating to the assessment of genetic diversity. The calculated coefficients showed that the analyzed cultivars were characterized by a high genetic similarity. However, the UPGMA and PCoA analyses clearly indicated the distinctiveness of the breeding programs conducted in Central European countries. The high genetic similarity of the analyzed forms allow us to conclude that it is necessary to expand the genetic pool of oat varieties. Numerous studies show that landraces may be the donor of genetic variation.

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Cytoplasmic male sterility in Desmodium

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9690227 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 227 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

KS McWhirter

Keyword(s):

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽

Male Sterility ◽

Interspecific Hybrid ◽

Pollen Fertility ◽

Pollen Sterility ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Genetic Stocks

A type of male sterility found in two Desmodium plants of probably interspecific hybrid origin was cytoplasmically inherited. The cytoplasmic male-sterile character was incorporated in the tropical legume Desmodium sandwicense by backcrossing. In this genetic background pollen sterility was complete. The male-sterile character was not graft-transmissible, and it produced no detectable pleiotropic effects on growth and development. Desmodium intortum gave restoration of pollen fertility in Fl hybrids with male-sterile lines of D. sandwicense. Restored F1 hybrids produced apparently normal pollen, but tests of functional ability of the pollen disclosed that pollen fertility was less than that of Fl hybrids with normal cytoplasm. Incomplete restoration of fertility was not due to heterozygosity of fertility-restoring genes with gametophytic expression, since fertility-restoring genes were shown to act sporophytically. The results established the occurrence in the legume Desmodium of a system of determination of the male-sterile, fertility-restored phenotypes that is similar to the cytoplasmic male sterility systems described in many other angiosperm plants. A scheme utilizing the genetic stocks produced in this study for commercial production of the interspecific hybrid D. sandwicense x D. intortum as a cultivar is presented.

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Determination of the composition and the allelic state of disease and pest resistance genes in potato parental lines using DNA markers

Russian Journal of Genetics ◽

10.1134/s1022795416050057 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 498-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. P. Yermishin ◽

O. V. Svitoch ◽

E. V. Voronkova ◽

O. N. Gukasian ◽

V. I. Luksha

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Pest Resistance ◽

Allelic State ◽

Parental Lines

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Combining Ability and Heritability of Resistance to Early and Late Leafspot of Peanut1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-13-1-4 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 10-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

W. F. Anderson ◽

J. C. Wynne ◽

C. C. Green ◽

M. K. Beute

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Additive Genetic Variance ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Cercospora Arachidicola ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

Detached Leaf ◽

F2 Population ◽

Parental Lines ◽

High Level

Abstract Four parental lines with resistance to early leafspot caused by Cercospora arachidicola Hori and four parental lines with resistance to late leafspot caused by Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & Curt.) Deighton and the F1 hybrid progeny from crosses between the two groups of parents were evaluated for resistance to both leafspot diseases in the greenhouse using a detached leaf technique. The subsequent F2 plants of all crosses were evaluated in the field for resistance to early leafspot in order to estimate combining ability effects for components of partial resistance and to identify parents useful in developing lines resistant to both diseases. General combining ability, attributed largely to additive genetic variance, accounted for the largest portion of the variability among the F1 and F2 generations for most parameters of resistance to both early and late leafspots. Reciprocal effects and heterosis toward the susceptible parents were also significant for parameters of resistance to the two pathogens. GP-NC 343 and FESR 5-P2-B1 were the best parents for incorporating genes for resistance to both early and late leafspots. Progenies of NC 17090 had a high level of resistance to late leafspot in detached leaf tests and progeny of PI 350680 had reduced defoliation from early leafspot in the field. Broad-sense heritabilities ranged from 0.2 to 0.4 for parameters of resistance to early leafspot estimated from the pooled variances of F2 plants of all crosses planted in the field. Parameters of resistance evaluated in the greenhouse for F1 hybrids were compared to parameters evaluated in the field for the F2 population by rank correlation of entry means. Latent period and sporulation of the fungus on detached leaves of F1 generation plants correlated (r = −0.46 and 0.54, respectively) with defoliation of F2 plants in the field.

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Study of Heterosis, Combining Ability and Parental Diversity for Seed Cotton Yield and Contributing Traits using Diallel Data in Cotton (G. hirsutum L.)

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-5680 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

R.K. Giri ◽

S.K. Verma ◽

J.P. Yadav

Keyword(s):

Combining Ability ◽

Genetic Relatedness ◽

Field Testing ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Jaccard Coefficient ◽

Cotton Yield ◽

Seed Cotton ◽

Seed Cotton Yield ◽

Parental Lines ◽

The Relationship

Background: Combining ability and parental diversity contributes directly to improve the heterotic potential. The experiment was aimed to study the parental diversity and its contribution to heterosis and to get an idea if parental diversity has any influence on the combining ability of the parental lines.Methods: The field testing was carried out during 2017-18 at three locations comprises, Sirsa, Bathinda and Abohar. Total eight parents were crossed in diallel manner to produce 56 combination excluding eight parental genotypes using full diallel. All the hybrids and parental lines were tested using RBD at the selected locations and the mean of these three locations data was used to study the relationship. Genetic relatedness of the parents was studied using 20 SSR markers and the distance/similarity matrix was developed using Jaccard coefficient method. Result: Genotypes showed significant (p≤0.01) differences for mean squares values for all the traits under study. F-2228, F-2164 and LH-2108 were the parents with best general combining abilities. Parental lines RS-2013 and RST were found to be the most divergent lines. The best F1 hybrids such as RST-9 x F-2164, LH-2076 x RST-9 and LH-2076 x RS-2013 comprised of diverse parents produced high heterosis for seed cotton yield. Among all the traits under study the maximum heterosis was received for seed cotton yield with a max gain of 126.8% over the mid parent.

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The heritability of tolerance to Alternaria dauci and Fusarium oxysporum in F1-hybrids of carrot

10.53040/gppb7.2021.75 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Irina Balashova ◽

◽

Liubov Sokolova ◽

Sergey Sirota ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Dispersion Analysis ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Traditional Methods ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

Different Types ◽

Alternaria Dauci

Heritability the tolerance to Alternaria dauci and Fusarium oxysporum in prospective F1-hybrids of car-rot has been discussed in the paper. As QTLs isn’t reliable enough for the determination of tolerance heritability in F1-hybrid progenies, authors used traditional methods of inoculation applying step-by-step at every stage of plant’s development. Carrot lines have been evaluated carefully at different types of infection backgrounds, tol-erant lines and lines with weak sensitivity have been selected for crossings. F1-hybrids have been obtained and evaluated at the provocative infection background. Using dispersion analysis, the authors show, that tolerance to Alternaria dauci and Fusarium oxysporum has been inherited by the paternal type.

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Correlation of yield and heterosis of maize hybrids and their parental lines with genetic distance based on SSR markers

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1202399d ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 399-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Snezana Mladenovic-Drinic ◽

Marija Kostadinovic ◽

Danijela Ristic ◽

Milan Stevanovic ◽

Zoran Camdzija ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Genetic Distance ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Average Value ◽

Parental Inbred ◽

The Mean ◽

Parental Lines

The yield, grain yield heterosis and genetic distance based on SSR markers were analyzed in eight maize hybrids and their parental lines. The mean grain yield of all F1 hybrids was 11.37 tha-1. The F1 hybrid from the crosses between L4xL6 gave the highest grain yield of 12.12 tha-1. For the mid parent heterosis (MPH) grain yields of the F1 hybrids, the data showed the average value of 164.25%, and ranged from 136.72% (L4xL6) to 218.07% (L8xL2), and for better parent heterosis (BPH) from 100.70% (H4) to 212.60% (H2), averaged 137.36%. The average genetic distance among parental inbred lines of analyzed hybrids was 0.58 with a range from 0.55 to 0.61. The GD showed a positive correlation with the grain yield of the F1 hybrids (0.22), as well as with MPH and BPH, with the values of 0.12 and 0.45, respectively.

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