scholarly journals High seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among high-density communities in Saudi Arabia

Infection ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Almudarra ◽  
Shady Kamel ◽  
Eman Saleh ◽  
Rehab Alaswad ◽  
Amaal Alruwaily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Seroprevalence

scholarly journals High-density expression profiling of renal cell carcinomas from Saudi Arabia: a preliminary study

BMC Genomics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Karim ◽  
Hasan MA Farsi ◽  
Hans-Juergen Schulten ◽  
Jaudah A Al-Maghrabi ◽  
Nuha A Alansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
High Density ◽  
Renal Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Preliminary Study

scholarly journals CLASSIFYING AND MAPPING OF VEGETATED AREA IN AL- BAHA REGION, SAUDI ARABIA USING REMOTE SENSING. II. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ELEVATION, LAND SURFACE DAY TEMPERATURE, AND VEGETATION DENSITY.

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Abdullah Saleh Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Eastern Desert ◽  
High Density ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Central Belt ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Lower Temperature

Classifying and mapping of vegetated area in Al- Baha region, Saudi Arabia using remote sensing shows that the medium-high density vegetation is mostly found at the central part of Al-Baha region separating the highlands and the low lands. Results obtained show that only 862.5 km2 (7.7%) Al-Baha region is covered with medium-high density vegetation found mainly at the 6-15km width horizontal central belt (at districts of Al-Mandaq, Al-Baha and south Baljurashi) along high foggy mountainous plateau. Whereas, about 65% of Al-Baha region has very low-none density vegetation mainly occurred extensively at Tihama low plain towards the Red Sea and at the north-eastern desert plain. In addition, study reveals that the highlands of Al-Baha have the most numbers of trees represents the areas of the highest elevations in the region (range between 1940 and 2366 m above sea level. This indicates that there is relationship between this elevation range with medium to high vegetation density. Similarly, the low surface temperatures are mainly located at the central belt across Al-Baha region. When overlaid with medium-high vegetation density zone with the temperature map, it was visually observed that it almost fit with lower temperature zone of less than 15°C. This also indicates that there is relationship between lower temperature with medium-high vegetation density.

First Application of High Density Fracturing Fluid to Stimulate a High Pressure and High Temperature Tight Gas Producer Sandstone Formation of Saudi Arabia

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Michael Bartko ◽  
Carlos Ivan Arocha ◽  
Tushar Suvra Mukherjee ◽  
Leopoldo Sierra ◽  
John M. Terracina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Density ◽  
Tight Gas ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Sandstone Formation

High Seroprevalence of PPRV-Antibodies among Sheep and Goats in Hail, Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ahmed Zein Mahmoud ◽  
Muaz Abdellatif ◽  
Ahmed Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Sheep And Goats

scholarly journals Very High Seroprevalence of CMV and EBV Among a Large Series of Patients with Hematological Malignancies at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia - a Case for Investigating Cooperativity of Viruses in Carcinogenesis?

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 5818-5818
Author(s):  
Abdul Rehman Z. Zaidi ◽  
Maged O. Al-Ammari ◽  
Mohammed AlNoamani ◽  
Syed Y. Altaf ◽  
Nawal AlShehry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Lymphoid Malignancies ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Very High

Background: Hematology practice in developing countries has some unique issues including a higher prevalence of infectious disease markers. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic virus and implicated in Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and leiomyosarcoma in the immunocompromised (Ito Y et al. 2009). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection/reactivation in patients with hematological malignancies causes serious morbidity and mortality. Saudi Arabia is a high income rapidly developing country, but seroprevalence of CMV and EBV is reportedly higher compared to developed countries (Ghazi 2002, Seale et al., 2006, Joseph et al., 2005). EBV & CMV co-infection is not infrequent & occurs most commonly in the immunocompromised host. A significantly higher prevalence of antibodies (Abs) against CMV & EBV in some disease groups compared to controls has been reported from the same communities (Ocak et al., 2006, Al-Hakami et al., 2016). Interestingly, CMV disease occurrence in sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is infrequent in our area in spite of the occurrence of CMV reactivations (Aljurf et al., 2009, Saovic et al., 1999). Hence, knowledge of seroprevalence of these viruses in hematological malignancies may be helpful in strategic planning for transplants & transfusions. It may help in establishing any plausible etiological linkage with certain hematological malignancies. Methods: We retrospectively examined the records of adult patients (>14 years) with hematological malignancies for CMV and EBV status (IgG and IgM Abs by chemiluminescence immunoassay). We identified 2,007 patients (1104 males and 903 females) and grouped them according to gender along with broad hematological malignancy categories (Table 1). We tried to establish if any disease category had extraordinary seropositivity for CMV (IgG ≥20 U/ml) or EBV (IgG ≥12 U/ml). We also studied the prevalence of IgM Abs in those tested positive for IgG Abs. Results: Of 2,007 patients (males significantly more than females, p = 0.001), age range 14-93 year (mean 47.2), 503 underwent testing for CMV status and 520 for EBV. Among these tested patients, there was no significant gender difference as 96.1% males were CMV positive, and 95.4% females were CMV positive. On the other hand, 96.9% males were EBV IgG Abs positive compared to 92.5% of females, which was 2.56 (95% CI; 1.12 - 5.96) times more likely to be positive in the studied male patient population (p = 0.021). Overall seroprevalence for CMV IgG Abs was 95.4%, and for EBV IgG Abs it was 95% (Table 1). Among those with CMV IgG Abs, 25/482 (5.1%) had very high antibodies titer (>180 U/ml), and 23/25 patients (92%) had lymphoid malignancies (11 NHL, 7 HL, 2 ALL, 3 MM) and 2 had CML. Among those with EBV IgG Abs 59/495 (11.9%) had very high antibodies titer (>750U/ml); and 46/59 (77.97%) of these patients had lymphoid malignancies (20 HL, 16 NHL, 6 ALL, 4 CLL, 1 MM) and 13/59 (22.03%) had myeloid neoplasms (6 AML, 5 CML, 1 MDS, 1 MPN). Six patients had very high titers for both EBV and CMV antibodies. In CMV IgG Abs positive patients only 1.03% (5/482) had IgM antibodies, and in EBV IgG Abs positive only 2.22% (11/495) had IgM antibodies. Table 1 shows the prevalence across the gender and in different disease categories. The highest seroprevalence for CMV was found in CLL, multiple myeloma and MDS patients (100%); and for EBV it was highest in MDS and MPN patients (100%). Relatively lower seroprevalence of EBV was noted in ALL patients group (86.2%), and lower seroprevalence of CMV was noted in MPN patients group (87.5%). However, overall, there was no significant difference across the disease categories for either CMV (p = 0.362) or EBV (p = 0.114). Conclusions: In this large study on our patients with hematological malignancies, we report very high seroprevalence of CMV and EBV Abs, reaching up to 100% in some disease categories. Among those with very high titer of EBV IgG Abs, the majority had lymphoid malignancies. Short of establishing any etiological linkage, we noticed 100% of MDS patients had both CMV and EBV Abs. Contrary to other reports, our male patients were more likely to be EBV positive compared to the females. Our results support the need for further studies to investigate possible cooperative linkage of EBV and CMV in carcinogenesis. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Density of Fast Food Outlets around Educational Facilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Geospatial Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6502
Author(s):  
Alaa Ashraf AlQurashi ◽  
Dian Kusuma ◽  
Hala AlJishi ◽  
Ali AlFaiz ◽  
Abdulaziz AlSaad
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
High Density ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Food Outlets ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Childhood obesity remains a public health issue globally. The latest estimate from the World Health Organization showed that over 340 million children and adolescents aged 5–19 were overweight or obese in 2016. Objective: Our study aimed to assess the density of fast food outlets around educational facilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: We employed geospatial and quantitative analyses using data on fast food outlets (from surveys conducted between November 2019 and May 2020) and educational facilities in Riyadh city. Data analyses conducted using ArcMap 10.6 and Stata 15 compared the density within 500 m and 500–1000 m from the facilities. Results: We found a high density of fast food outlets around educational facilities. Nearly 80% of fast food were within twelve-minute walking or five-minute driving distances from schools, and nearly 70% of all educational facilities had at least one fast food outlet within the buffer. We also found the densities were high within both the areas closer and the areas farther away from educational facilities. In addition, the density was significantly higher around private schools compared to government schools, and the density around girls-only schools and both-gender schools was higher than that around boys-only schools. Conclusion: There is a high density of fast food outlets around educational facilities in Saudi Arabia. Effective policies are needed to help reduce potential exposure to fast food among young people in Saudi Arabia and other countries with similar settings.

Planar defects in ordered (Ga,In)P

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 902-903
Author(s):  
S. McKernan ◽  
C. B. Carter ◽  
D. Bour ◽  
J. R. Shealy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
High Density ◽  
Ordered Structure ◽  
Planar Defects ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Ternary Semiconductors ◽  
Anion Species ◽  
Metallic Vapor

The growth of ternary III-V semiconductors by organo-metallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE) is widely practiced. It has been generally assumed that the resulting structure is the same as that of the corresponding binary semiconductors, but with the two different cation or anion species randomly distributed on their appropriate sublattice sites. Recently several different ternary semiconductors including AlxGa1-xAs, Gaxln-1-xAs and Gaxln1-xP1-6 have been observed in ordered states. A common feature of these ordered compounds is that they contain a relatively high density of defects. This is evident in electron diffraction patterns from these materials where streaks, which are typically parallel to the growth direction, are associated with the extra reflections arising from the ordering. However, where the (Ga,ln)P epilayer is reasonably well ordered the streaking is extremely faint, and the intensity of the ordered spot at 1/2(111) is much greater than that at 1/2(111). In these cases it is possible to image relatively clearly many of the defects found in the ordered structure.

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