One-Year Clinical Effectiveness Comparison of Prasugrel with Ticagrelor: Results from a Retrospective Observational Study using an Integrated Claims Database

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark B. Effron ◽  
Kavita V. Nair ◽  
Cliff Molife ◽  
Stuart Y. Keller ◽  
Robert L. Page ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Claims Database ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Drug utilization study of antipsychotics among schizophrenia patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital: a retrospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Sahana M. Mogali ◽  
Basavaraj C. Kotinatot
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Utilization Pattern ◽  
Drug Utilization Study ◽  
One Year

Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the drug utilization pattern of antipsychotics in schizophrenia patients in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted over a period of one year. Demographic data and drug utilization pattern of antipsychotics was collected from the surveyed prescriptions. Using WHO prescribing indicators data was analysed. Results were expressed in percentage.Results: Out of 300 prescriptions analysed, males were 58% and females 42%. Majority of schizophrenia patients were in age group of 15 to 45 years 70.33%. Olanzapine 75% was most common antipsychotic drug prescribed followed by risperidone 10.7%. Haloperidol 9.6%, fluphenazine 3.7% and chlorpromazine 1% were the other antipsychotics prescribed. Atypical antipsychotics 85.7% were commonly prescribed than conventional ones 4.3%. Concomitant drugs prescribed were anticholinergics, antihistaminics, sedative-hypnotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antiulcer drugs and vitamin B complexes. Average number of drugs prescribed per prescription 3.26.Conclusions: Nowadays atypical antipsychotics are preferred over conventional ones because of their less side effects. Drug utilization study helps in rational usage of drugs important for patient care.

scholarly journals Demographic and clinic-angiographic profile of coronary artery disease in young adults: a retrospective observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalatendu Swain ◽  
Prabhat Nalini Routray
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
One Year

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and its complications are on an increased trend in the younger age group. In this study we aimed to identify the different risk factor profile and coronary angiographic characteristics of young adults presenting with coronary artery disease.Methods: We conducted this retrospective observational study at SCB MC and H and Ashwini Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India over a period of one year from June 2016 to June 2017 on 170 patients who undergone coronary angiogram. Inclusion criteria being patients admitted for STEMI, NSTEMI, or UA, age <40 years and those who underwent coronary angiography. All patients who underwent coronary angiography for surgical fitness e.g., patients of rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease were excluded from the study.Results: Among the 150 cases included in the study, 85.3%were males and 14.7% were females. Maximum number of cases i.e. 71.3% were in the age group 36-40 yr, while 23.3% were between 31-35 and 5.4% were between 25-30 age group. Among 150 cases with critical CAD, SVD was most prevalent seen in 68.7% cases, followed by DVD in 22.6% and TVD in 8.7% cases.Conclusions: Incidence of critical CAD in young adults is quite high. Young patients with CAD are mainly males, and SVD is more common. Comparative analysis of young patients with STEMI and NTEMI/ UA revealed that SVD was predominantly involved in STEMI group, whereas TVD was predominant in NSTEMI/UA group.

scholarly journals Opioid prescribing patterns among medical providers in the United States, 2003-17: retrospective, observational study

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. l6968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew V Kiang ◽  
Keith Humphreys ◽  
Mark R Cullen ◽  
Sanjay Basu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Opioid Prescribing ◽  
One Year ◽  
Improving Patient Care

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the distribution and patterns of opioid prescribing in the United States.DesignRetrospective, observational study.SettingNational private insurer covering all 50 US states and Washington DC.ParticipantsAn annual average of 669 495 providers prescribing 8.9 million opioid prescriptions to 3.9 million patients from 2003 through 2017.Main outcome measuresStandardized doses of opioids in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) and number of opioid prescriptions.ResultsIn 2017, the top 1% of providers accounted for 49% of all opioid doses and 27% of all opioid prescriptions. In absolute terms, the top 1% of providers prescribed an average of 748 000 MMEs—nearly 1000 times more than the middle 1%. At least half of all providers in the top 1% in one year were also in the top 1% in adjacent years. More than two fifths of all prescriptions written by the top 1% of providers were for more than 50 MMEs a day and over four fifths were for longer than seven days. In contrast, prescriptions written by the bottom 99% of providers were below these thresholds, with 86% of prescriptions for less than 50 MMEs a day and 71% for fewer than seven days. Providers prescribing high amounts of opioids and patients receiving high amounts of opioids persisted over time, with over half of both appearing in adjacent years.ConclusionsMost prescriptions written by the majority of providers are under the recommended thresholds, suggesting that most US providers are careful in their prescribing. Interventions focusing on this group of providers are unlikely to effect beneficial change and could induce unnecessary burden. A large proportion of providers have established relationships with their patients over multiple years. Interventions to reduce inappropriate opioid prescribing should be focused on improving patient care, management of patients with complex pain, and reducing comorbidities rather than seeking to enforce a threshold for prescribing.

scholarly journals Trends in healthcare visits and antimicrobial prescriptions for acute infectious diarrhea in individuals aged 65 years or younger in Japan from 2013 to 2018 based on administrative claims database: a retrospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akane Ono ◽  
Kensuke Aoyagi ◽  
Yuichi Muraki ◽  
Yusuke Asai ◽  
Shinya Tsuzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
Prescription Rate ◽  
Infectious Diarrhea ◽  
Claims Database ◽  
Visit Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Antimicrobial Prescription

Abstract Background The inappropriate use of antimicrobials for acute infectious diarrhea is widespread and leads to the problem of antimicrobial resistance. To improve the use of antimicrobials, it is first necessary to understand the actual situation of diarrheal disease and to identify potential targets for intervention. This study aimed to investigate the recent epidemiological characteristics of and antimicrobial prescriptions for acute infectious diarrhea in Japan. Methods This was a retrospective observational study of outpatients aged 0–65 years, separated into children (age 0–17 years) and adults (age 18–65 years), diagnosed with acute infectious diarrhea, using the administrative claims database of the Japan Medical Data Center from 2013 to 2018. We evaluated the number of eligible visits/number of database registrants (defined as the visit rate). The analysis of the antimicrobial prescription rate was restricted to otherwise healthy individuals diagnosed with acute infectious diarrhea alone by excluding patients with multiple disease diagnoses and with medical backgrounds of chronic bowel diseases or immunocompromised conditions. We further classified them by diagnosis of bacterial or nonbacterial acute infectious diarrhea. Results The total number of eligible visits for acute infectious diarrhea was 2,600,065. The visit rate, calculated based on the number of eligible visits by database registrants, was higher in children (boys, 0.264; girls, 0.229) than in adults (men, 0.070; women, 0.079), with peaks in early summer and winter. The peaks for visits in adults lagged those of children. In total, 482,484 visits were analyzed to determine the antimicrobial prescription rate; 456,655 (94.6%) were diagnosed with nonbacterial acute infectious diarrhea. Compared with children (boys, 0.305; girls, 0.304), the antimicrobial prescription rate was higher in adults, and there were differences between sexes in adults (men, 0.465; women, 0.408). Fosfomycin and fluoroquinolone were most frequently used for nonbacterial acute infectious diarrhea in children (44.1%) and adults (50.3%), respectively. Conclusions These results revealed overprescription of antimicrobials for acute infectious diarrhea in this administrative claims database in Japan and contribute to the development of antimicrobial stewardship strategies and the identification of targets for efficiently reducing inappropriate antimicrobial use.

A retrospective observational study of antimicrobial treatment for non-tuberculous mycobacteria disease using a nationwide claims database in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Igari ◽  
Kazutaka Yamagishi ◽  
Shingo Yamazaki ◽  
Shota Murata ◽  
Misuzu Yahaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Claims Database
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