scholarly journals Population Pharmacokinetics of Upadacitinib Using the Immediate-Release and Extended-Release Formulations in Healthy Subjects and Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Analyses of Phase I–III Clinical Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1045-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Klünder ◽  
Rajendar K. Mittapalli ◽  
Mohamed-Eslam F. Mohamed ◽  
Anna Friedel ◽  
Peter Noertersheuser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Extended Release Formulations

Population Pharmacokinetics of Tapentadol Immediate Release (IR) in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Moderate or Severe Pain

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 671-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Steven Xu ◽  
Johan W. Smit ◽  
Rachel Lin ◽  
Kim Stuyckens ◽  
Rolf Terlinden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Immediate Release

scholarly journals A Clinician's Guide to Oral Extended-Release Drug Delivery Systems in Epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Wheless ◽  
Stephanie J. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Serum Drug Concentration ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Care Costs ◽  
Extended Release Formulations

Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurologic disorders that affects individuals of all ages. It is primarily managed with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), with the goal of maintaining complete seizure control combined with minimal or no adverse effects. Oral administration is the mainstay of AED delivery for patients with chronic epilepsy and consists essentially of immediate-release (IR) and modified-release (delayed-release and extended-release [ER]) dosage formulations. Extended-release formulations (hydrophilic or hydrophobic matrix systems, reservoir systems, and osmotic-release systems) release a drug in a controlled manner during an extended period of time following administration. Extended-release formulations have many advantages compared with IR formulations, including simplification of dosing regimens, reduction in pill burden, and reduction in the peak-to-trough fluctuations in serum drug concentration that may be associated with a decreased risk of adverse effects and of seizures. These advantages have the potential to increase adherence to antiepileptic therapy, improve the quality of life of patients, and reduce health care costs. This article, which is intended as a practical guide for clinicians, reviews the properties of the different ER AED formulations currently available and discusses the advantages of ER over IR formulations. Subsequently, an explanation of the technologic basis of the different oral ER formulations, the critical attributes that differentiate ER products, and their individual strengths and weaknesses is provided. Specific recommendations to practitioners on treating patients with ER formulations are included.

scholarly journals Steady-state pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of immediate-release and extended-release formulations of lamotrigine in elderly epilepsy patients: Use of stable isotope methodology

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshanth R. Polepally ◽  
Rory P. Remmel ◽  
Richard C. Brundage ◽  
Ilo E. Leppik ◽  
John O. Rarick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Extended Release Formulations
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