scholarly journals Cholestatic Liver Disease: Current Treatment Strategies and New Therapeutic Agents

Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Hasegawa ◽  
Masato Yoneda ◽  
Yusuke Kurita ◽  
Asako Nogami ◽  
Yasushi Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease

scholarly journals Current Treatment Options for Cystic Fibrosis-Related Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Staufer
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Related Liver Disease ◽  
Near Future

Cystic Fibrosis-related liver disease (CFLD) has become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), and affects children and adults. The understanding of the pathogenesis of CFLD is key in order to develop efficacious treatments. However, it remains complex, and has not been clarified to the last. The search for a drug might be additionally complicated due to the diverse clinical picture and lack of a unified definition of CFLD. Although ursodeoxycholic acid has been used for decades, its efficacy in CFLD is controversial, and the potential of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) modulators and targeted gene therapy in CFLD needs to be defined in the near future. This review focuses on the current knowledge on treatment strategies for CFLD based on pathomechanistic viewpoints.

scholarly journals Biliary System Architecture: Experimental Models and Visualization Techniques

2017 ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. SARNOVA ◽  
M. GREGOR
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Biliary Tree ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Bile Formation ◽  
Worldwide Population ◽  
Visualization Techniques

The complex architecture of the liver biliary network represents a structural prerequisite for the formation and secretion of bile as well as excretion of toxic substances through bile ducts. Disorders of the biliary tract affect a significant portion of the worldwide population, often leading to cholestatic liver diseases. Cholestatic liver disease is a condition that results from an impairment of bile formation or bile flow to the gallbladder and duodenum. Cholestasis leads to dramatic changes in biliary tree architecture, worsening liver disease and systemic illness. Recent studies show that the prevalence of cholestatic liver diseases is increasing. The availability of well characterized animal models, as well as development of visualization approaches constitutes a critical asset to develop novel pathogenetic concepts and new treatment strategies.

scholarly journals A high-throughput screening identifies histone deacetylase inhibitors as therapeutic agents against medulloblastoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Zhaojian Gong ◽  
Peter O. Oladimeji ◽  
Duane G. Currier ◽  
Qipan Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Cell Viability Assay

Abstract Background Medulloblastoma is the most frequently occurring malignant brain tumor in children. Current treatment strategies for medulloblastoma include aggressive surgery, cranio-spinal irradiation and adjuvant chemotherapy. Because current treatments can cause severe long-term side effects and are not curative, successful treatment remains a challenge. Methods In this study, we employed a high-throughput cell viability assay to screen 12,800 compounds and to identify drug candidates with anti-proliferative properties for medulloblastoma cells. We also tested these compounds for attenuating medulloblastoma tumor development using mouse xenografts. Results We identified two histone deacetylase inhibitors (dacinostat and quisinostat) with anti-proliferative properties for medulloblastoma cells. We showed that both compounds induce cytotoxicity, trigger cell apoptosis, and block cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase. In addition, dacinostat and quisinostat attenuated xenograft medulloblastoma growth in mice. Conclusions Our findings suggest that histone deacetylase inhibitors are potent therapeutic agents against medulloblastoma.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Management of Post-thoracotomy Pain

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Wann Ee Chin ◽  
Kamen Valchanov
Keyword(s):  
Pain Control ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Nociceptive Pathways

Thoracotomy is widely recognised as one of the most painful surgical procedures. The combination of extensive tissue dissection and dynamic respiratory movement postoperatively makes post-thoracotomy pain control particularly challenging. In the short term, inadequate analgesia is associated with respiratory complications, poor mobilisation, delayed discharge and respiratory infections. More importantly, poorly controlled postoperative pain is associated with developing chronic post-thoracotomy pain, also known as post-thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS). The reported incidence is between 25-60% and can be debilitating and difficult to treat. Increasing understanding of complex nociceptive pathways and neuropathic mechanisms has generated interest in the use of new therapeutic agents termed as adjuncts to post-operative opioid analgesia. In the area of thoracic surgery, the use of analgesic adjuncts has been subjected to a number of studies in recent years. In this article, we present a literature review of current treatment strategies for management of post-thoracotomy pain with evidence of effectiveness.

Current concepts of the interventional treatment of proximal supraaortic vessel stenosis

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernemann ◽  
Bender ◽  
Melms ◽  
Brechtel ◽  
Kobba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Brachiocephalic Artery ◽  
Treatment Concepts ◽  
Angioplasty And Stenting

Interventional therapies using angioplasty and stenting of symptomatic stenosis of the proximal supraaortic vessels have evolved as safe and effective treatment strategies. The aim of this paper is to summarize the current treatment concepts for stenosis in the subclavian and brachiocephalic artery with regard to clinical indication, interventional technique including selection of the appropriate vascular approach and type of stent, angiographic and clinical short-term and long-term results and follow-up. The role of hybrid interventions for tandem stenoses of the carotid bifurcation and brachiocephalic artery is analysed. A systematic review of data for angioplasty and stenting of symptomatic extracranial vertebral artery stenosis is discussed with a special focus on restenosis rate.

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