Antibiotic prescribing patterns for acute respiratory infections in a free clinic network: a pooled cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshul Daga ◽  
Oliver T. Nguyen ◽  
Elijah Moothedan ◽  
Daniel M. Czyz ◽  
Aashi Faldu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Free Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Acute Respiratory Infections in Underfive Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Cissy B. Kartasasmita ◽  
Maurits Demedts
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children’S Homes ◽  
One Year

A longitudinal study on acute inspiratory infections was conducted from April 1988 until June 1990, in Cikutra, an urban community in the municipality of Bandung, Indonesia. The study consisted of. 3 parts: a presurvey, a cross sectional study, and a one-year prospective study. All children aged less than five years in Cikutra were included in the presurvey. A simple questionnaire was used for collecting data. In the cross sectional study 500 children were selected by stratified random sampling. Field investigators visited the children's homes and interviewed mothers using a standardized questionnaire. For the prospective study 269 children of less than 48 months of age were enrolled, and followed for one year. The prevalence of all ARI was 57-58%, mild-moderate ARl 55-56% , and severe ARJ 5%. On average the children suffered from 6.7 episodes of ARl per child per year, with a mean duration of episode of 5.3 days. Several factors showed significant relationship with the prevalence, incidence, severity of duration of ARI.

scholarly journals Comparative study of antimicrobial prescribing pattern between Nepal and Pakistan

10.3823/845 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umer Nadeem ◽  
Ram Bahadur Dhami ◽  
Krishna Prasad Dahal ◽  
Devi Ram Pokharel ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Prescription Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antimicrobial Prescribing ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Antimicrobial Prescription

Objective The purpose of this cross-sectional study conducted in different private and public sector hospitals of the major cities of Nepal and Pakistan was to compare and evaluate the antibiotic prescribing patterns. Methodology  The data was collected based on prescriptions received from different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan and Kathmandu, Nepal without much interaction with the patients. Results Out of a total of 272 patients, 111 (40.8%) patients from Nepal and 161 (59.19%) patients from Pakistan were prescribed with 447 antibiotics. In both countries, out of total antibiotics prescribed, 42.30% were 3rd generation cephalosporins. Also, in Pakistan and Nepal, out of all the indications, 49.2% of the antibiotics were given in medical prophylaxis. Conclusion  In Pakistan, the antimicrobial prescription rate is comparatively higher than Nepal, and in both countries, there is a need of proper implementation of antibiotic prescribing guidelines for the prescription of antibiotics and the administration of antibiotics in medical prophylaxis.

scholarly journals 218. Changes in Dental Antibiotic Prescribing in the United States, 2012–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S111-S111
Author(s):  
Swetha Ramanathan ◽  
Connie H Yan ◽  
Colin Hubbard ◽  
Gregory Calip ◽  
Lisa K Sharp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Prescription Data ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescribing Trends ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Linear Regressions

Abstract Background Data suggest dental antibiotic prescribing is increasing with relatively less documented about prescribing trends in adults and children. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate trends in antibiotic prescribing by US dentists from 2012–2017. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of US dental prescribing using IQVIA Longitudinal Prescription Data from 2012 to 2017. Prescribing rates (prescriptions [Rx] per 100,000 dentists), mean days’ supply, and mean quantity dispensed were calculated monthly across eight oral antibiotic groups: amoxicillin, clindamycin, cephalexin, azithromycin, penicillin, doxycycline, fluoroquinolone, and other antibiotics. Descriptive frequencies and multiple linear regressions were performed to obtain trends overall and stratified by adults (≥ 18) and children (< 18). Results 220, 325 dentists prescribed 135 million Rx (94.0% in adults). 61.0% were amoxicillin, 14.4% clindamycin, 11.7% penicillin, 4.4% azithromycin, 4.3% cephalexin, 2.0% other antibiotics, 1.4% doxycycline, and 0.7% fluoroquinolones. Prescribing increased by 33 Rx/100,000 dentists (p< 0.0001) each month for all antibiotics. Amoxicillin (p< 0.0001) and clindamycin (p=0.02) prescribing rate increased by 73 and 5 Rx/100,000 dentists, respectively. Prescribing decreased by 8, 12, and 2 Rx/100,000 dentists for cephalexin (p< 0.0001), doxycycline (p< 0.0001), and fluoroquinolones (p=0.008), respectively. Mean days’ supply increased for amoxicillin, penicillin, and clindamycin (p< 0.0001), and decreased for cephalexin (p< 0.0001).Mean quantity dispensed decreased (p< 0.0001) for all groups except azithromycin and doxycycline. Among adults, cephalexin prescribing rates (7 Rx/100,000 dentist; p< 0.0001) and other antibiotics days’ supply (p< 0.0001) decreased. Among children, azithromycin prescribing rates (1 Rx/100,000 dentists, p=0.02), and fluoroquinolone and other antibiotics days’ supply (p< 0.0001) decreased. Conclusion These findings support dental antibiotic prescribing is increasing, specifically for amoxicillin and clindamycin. Further, trends differed between adults and children. Understanding what is driving these trends is important to target dental antibiotic stewardship efforts. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Trends and patterns of antibiotic prescribing at orthopedic inpatient departments of two private-sector hospitals in Central India: A 10-year observational study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245902
Author(s):  
Kristina Skender ◽  
Vivek Singh ◽  
Cecilia Stalsby-Lundborg ◽  
Megha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Design Patterns ◽  
Central India ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Defined Daily Doses

Background Frequent antibiotic prescribing in departments with high infection risk like orthopedics prominently contributes to the global increase of antibiotic resistance. However, few studies present antibiotic prescribing patterns and trends among orthopedic inpatients. Aim To compare and present the patterns and trends of antibiotic prescription over 10 years for orthopedic inpatients in a teaching (TH) and a non-teaching hospital (NTH) in Central India. Methods Data from orthopedic inpatients (TH-6446; NTH-4397) were collected using a prospective cross-sectional study design. Patterns were compared based on the indications and corresponding antibiotic treatments, mean Defined Daily Doses (DDD)/1000 patient-days, adherence to the National List of Essential Medicines India (NLEMI) and the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines (WHOMLEM). Antibiotic prescriptions were analyzed separately for the operated and the non-operated inpatients. Linear regression was used to analyze the time trends of antibiotic prescribing; in total through DDD/1000 patient-days and by antibiotic groups. Results Third generation cephalosporins were the most prescribed antibiotic class (TH-39%; NTH-65%) and fractures were the most common indications (TH-48%; NTH-48%). Majority of the operated inpatients (TH-99%; NTH-97%) were prescribed pre-operative prophylactic antibiotics. The non-operated inpatients were also prescribed antibiotics (TH-40%; NTH-75%), although few of them had infectious diagnoses (TH-8%; NTH-14%). Adherence to the NLEMI was lower (TH-31%; NTH-34%) than adherence to the WHOMLEM (TH-65%; NTH-62%) in both hospitals. Mean DDD/1000 patient-days was 16 times higher in the TH (2658) compared to the NTH (162). Total antibiotic prescribing increased over 10 years (TH-β = 3.23; NTH-β = 1.02). Conclusion Substantial number of inpatients were prescribed antibiotics without clear infectious indications. Adherence to the NLEMI and the WHOMLEM was low in both hospitals. Antibiotic use increased in both hospitals over 10 years and was higher in the TH than in the NTH. The need for developing and implementing local antibiotic prescribing guidelines is emphasized.

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