Creatine monohydrate

This study investigated the effect of creatine monohydrate (Cr) supplementation on performance and training volume in rowers. Twenty-two rowers trained with continuous and interval rowing and resistance training 4 and 2 days/week, respectively, for 6 weeks. Cr supplementation consisted of a 5-day load (0.3 g/kg−1•day−1) followed by a 5-week maintenance dose (0.03 g/kg−1•day−1) while training. Five days of Cr loading did not change body composition, repeated interval rowing performance, 2,000-m rowing times, or strength performance. Five additional weeks of training with a maintenance dose of Cr or placebo significantly improved body composition, [Formula: see text] 2,000-m rowing times, repeated power interval performance, and strength to a similar extent in both groups. Subjects training with Cr did not perform more repetitions per set of strength exercise nor produce or maintain higher power outputs during repeated rowing sessions. Cr supplementation did not increase performance or training volume over a placebo condition in rowers that performed a combined high intensity rowing and strength program. Key Words: ergogenic, anaerobic, resistance training, interval training

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Solution thermodynamics of creatine monohydrate in binary (water + ethanol) solvent systems at T = (278.15 to 328.15) K

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics ◽

10.1016/j.jct.2015.09.011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 92 ◽

pp. 139-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Liangcheng Song ◽

Lihua Wei ◽

Tao Si ◽

Huai Guo ◽

Chunhui Yang

Keyword(s):

Creatine Monohydrate ◽

Solution Thermodynamics ◽

Solvent Systems

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Lone Atrial Fibrillation Associated with Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation

Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy ◽

10.1592/phco.25.5.762.63580 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 762-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ryan T. Kammer

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Creatine Monohydrate ◽

Lone Atrial Fibrillation

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Effect of α-Lipoic Acid Combined with Creatine Monohydrate on Human Skeletal Muscle Creatine and Phosphagen Concentration

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.13.3.294 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 294-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Darren G. Burke ◽

Philip D. Chilibeck ◽

Gianni Parise ◽

Mark A. Tarnopolsky ◽

Darren G. Candow

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Lipoic Acid ◽

Human Skeletal Muscle ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Creatine Supplementation ◽

Creatine Monohydrate ◽

Glucose Disposal ◽

Creatine Uptake ◽

Total Creatine ◽

Muscle Creatine

α-lipoic acid has been found to enhance glucose uptake into skeletal muscle in animal models. Studies have also found that the co-ingestion of carbohydrate along with creatine increases muscle creatine uptake by a process related to insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of α-lipoic acid on human skeletal muscle creatine uptake by directly measuring intramuscular concentrations of creatine, phosphocreatine, and ad-enosine triphosphate when creatine monohydrate was co-ingested with α-lipoic acid. Muscle biopsies were acquired from the vastus lateralis m. of 16 male subjects (18–32 y) before and after the experimental intervention. After the initial biopsy, subjects ingested 20 g · d−1 of creatine monohydrate, 20 g · d−1 of creatine monohydrate + 100 g · d−1 of sucrose, or 20 g · d−1 of creatine monohydrate + 100 g · d−1 of sucrose + 1000 mg · d−1 of α-lipoic acid for 5 days. Subjects refrained from exercise and consumed the same balanced diet for 7 days. Body weight increased by 2.1% following the nutritional intervention, with no differences between the groups. There was a significant increase in total creatine concentration following creatine supplementation, with the group ingesting α-lipoic acid showing a significantly greater increase (p < .05) in phosphocreatine (87.6 → 106.2 mmol · kg−1 dry mass [dm]) and total creatine (137.8 → 156.8 mmol · kg−1 dm). These findings indicate that co-ingestion of α-lipoic acid with creatine and a small amount of sucrose can enhance muscle total creatine content as compared to the ingestion of creatine and sucrose or creatine alone.

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Global and targeted gene expression and protein content in skeletal muscle of young men following short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation

Physiological Genomics ◽

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00157.2007 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 219-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Adeel Safdar ◽

Nicholas J. Yardley ◽

Rodney Snow ◽

Simon Melov ◽

Mark A. Tarnopolsky

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Protein Content ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Glycogen Synthesis ◽

Creatine Monohydrate ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Cell Swelling ◽

Short Term

Creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation has been shown to increase fat-free mass and muscle power output possibly via cell swelling. Little is known about the cellular response to CrM. We investigated the effect of short-term CrM supplementation on global and targeted mRNA expression and protein content in human skeletal muscle. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, double-blind design, 12 young, healthy, nonobese men were supplemented with either a placebo (PL) or CrM (loading phase, 20 g/day × 3 days; maintenance phase, 5 g/day × 7 days) for 10 days. Following a 28-day washout period, subjects were put on the alternate supplementation for 10 days. Muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained and were assessed for mRNA expression (cDNA microarrays + real-time PCR) and protein content (Kinetworks KPKS 1.0 Protein Kinase screen). CrM supplementation significantly increased fat-free mass, total body water, and body weight of the participants ( P < 0.05). Also, CrM supplementation significantly upregulated (1.3- to 5.0-fold) the mRNA content of genes and protein content of kinases involved in osmosensing and signal transduction, cytoskeleton remodeling, protein and glycogen synthesis regulation, satellite cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA replication and repair, RNA transcription control, and cell survival. We are the first to report this large-scale gene expression in the skeletal muscle with short-term CrM supplementation, a response that suggests changes in cellular osmolarity.

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