Key Characteristics of Database Studies on Drug Effectiveness in the Postmarketing Stage: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihaya Shiragasawa ◽  
Mamoru Narukawa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Effectiveness ◽  
Key Characteristics

scholarly journals Interventions directed at men for preventing intimate partner violence: a systematic review protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Idriss-Wheeler ◽  
Julia Hajjar ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Unpublished Manuscripts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a population health problem linked to a myriad of negative psychological, physical, emotional, sexual and reproductive health outcomes for women. The movement towards working with boys and men over the past couple of decades has increased the number of interventions specifically directed at men who perpetrate violence against a female partner. There is little evidence-based research on key characteristics of effective interventions directed at men to reduce or prevent IPV against female partners. The objective of this systematic review is to identify interventions specifically directed at males , as the perpetrators of violence against women, that have proven to be effective in preventing or reducing intimate partner violence. Methods The following electronic databases will be used to search for peer-reviewed studies: MEDLINE (OVID), Embase (OVID), PsycInfo (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO), Global Health (EBSCO), Gender Watch (ProQuest), Web of Science (Web of Knowledge), PROSPERO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Database (Ovid) and SCOPUS. We will include randomized control trials, non-randomized studies of interventions published in peer-reviewed journals and relevant unpublished manuscripts, books/chapters and clinical or programme study reports. Studies have to demonstrate direction of effect (i.e. pre-post intervention/difference between groups) in terms of prevention or reduction in the outlined outcomes. Primary outcomes include change in behaviour and knowledge of male perpetrator regarding the impact of IPV on women as well as women’s experience of IPV. Secondary outcomes include change in behaviours around substance use and social activities, decrease in negative mental health outcomes and interactions with law enforcement. Studies will be screened, appraised and extracted by two reviewers; any conflicts will be resolved through discussion. Narrative synthesis will be used to analyse and present findings. If sufficient and comparable data is available, a meta-analysis will be conducted. Discussion This review will provide synthesized evidence on interventions directed at males to reduce or prevent their perpetration of intimate partner violence against female partners. Implications for practice will include key characteristics of interventions proven to be effective based on evidence synthesis and certainty of findings. Recommendations for further research will also be considered. Systematic review registration This protocol was submitted for registration in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on September 4, 2020.

Protocol for a systematic review assessing the key characteristics of carcinogens for a ubiquitous herbicide and its formulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iemaan Rana ◽  
◽  
Patton K. Nguyen ◽  
Gabrielle Rigutto ◽  
Jane Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Key Characteristics

scholarly journals Psychometric Instruments for Problematic Pornography Use: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 016327871986168 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Fernandez ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Interpersonal Conflict ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Impaired Control ◽  
Pornography Use ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Present Systematic Review

Despite a lack of consensus in the field about how best to conceptualize problematic pornography use, psychometric instruments have nonetheless been developed to assess the construct. The present systematic review aimed to (i) identify psychometric tools that have been developed to assess problematic pornography use; (ii) summarize key characteristics, psychometric properties, and strengths and limitations of instruments for problematic pornography use; (iii) compare the instruments’ theoretical conceptualizations of problematic pornography use; and (iv) evaluate each instrument on their ability to assess various core components of addiction. In this article, 22 instruments assessing problematic pornography use were reviewed. Results indicated that while the instruments had different conceptualizations of problematic pornography use, addiction still emerged as the most common theoretical framework used by the instruments. Five of the most commonly assessed addiction components across the different instruments were (1) impaired control, (2) salience, (3) mood modification, (4) interpersonal conflict, and (5) general life conflict. Contextual factors that may potentially affect the assessment of problematic pornography use and recommendations for researchers and clinicians are discussed.

Comparing drug effectiveness in children: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1295-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julijana Dukanovic ◽  
Osemeke U. Osokogu ◽  
Krupa Patel ◽  
Carmen Ferrajolo ◽  
Miriam C.J.M. Sturkenboom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Effectiveness

Benzene-associated immunosuppression and chronic inflammation in humans: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106517
Author(s):  
Helen Guo ◽  
Stacy Ahn ◽  
Luoping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
New Evidence

ObjectiveRecent evidence has accumulated that the immune system is intimately intertwined with cancer development. Two key characteristics of carcinogens in which the immune system plays a central role are chronic inflammation and immunosuppression. In this systematic review, we investigated the association of chronic inflammatory and immunosuppressive outcomes with benzene, a widely used industrial chemical. Benzene has been confirmed to cause acute myeloid leukaemia and suspected to cause non-Hodgkin lymphoma, two cancers of the blood-forming system that affect immune cells.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed and Embase for all relevant studies using a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and selected key words. The detailed review protocol, including search strategy, was registered with PROSPERO, the international prospective register of systematic reviews (#CRD42019138611).ResultsBased on all human studies selected in the final review, we report new evidence of a benzene-induced immunosuppressive effect on the adaptive immune system and activation of the innate immune system to cause inflammation. In particular, benzene significantly lowers the number of white blood cells, particularly lymphocytes such as CD4+ T-cells, B-cells and natural killer cells, and increases proinflammatory biomarkers at low levels of exposure.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review of benzene’s immunotoxicity in humans. Based on results obtained from this review, we propose two potential immunotoxic mechanisms of how benzene induces leukaemia/lymphoma: (1) cancer invasion caused by proinflammatory cytokine production, and (2) cancer promotion via impaired immunosurveillance. Further studies will be required to confirm the connection between benzene exposure and its effects on the immune system.

A comparison of mobile health platforms developed for depression and anxiety available for research or commercial purposes: A systematic review of the literature and app store review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Ying Leong ◽  
Shreya Sridhar ◽  
Agata Blasiak ◽  
Xavier Tadeo ◽  
Geck Hong Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
App Store ◽  
Current State ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Common Purpose

BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) platforms show promise in the management of mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression. This has resulted in an abundance of mHealth platforms available for research or commercial use. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize the current state of mHealth platforms designed for anxiety and/or depression that are available for research, commercial use or both. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using a two-pronged approach. (i) A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO was conducted to identify platforms available for research purposes. (ii) A simultaneous search of two major mobile app stores – Apple App Store and Google Play Store – to identify commercially available platforms. Key characteristics of the mHealth platforms such as platform name, targeted condition, targeted group, purpose, technology type, intervention type, commercial availability, regulatory information were synthesized. RESULTS The literature and app stores searches yielded 169 and 179 mHealth platforms respectively. Most platforms developed for research purposes were designed for depression (n=113) whereas the app stores search reported a higher number of platforms were developed for anxiety (n=58 and n=27 for Android and iOS operating systems, respectively). The most common purpose of platforms in both searches was treatment (n=122 and n=129 for the literature and app stores searches, respectively). In regard to the types of intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy and referral to care/counselling emerged as the most popular options offered by the platforms identified in the literature and app stores searches, respectively. Most platforms from both searches did not have a specific target age group. Additionally, most platforms found in the app stores lacked clinical and real-world evidence, while only small number of platforms found in published research were available commercially. CONCLUSIONS A considerable number of mHealth platforms designed for anxiety and/or depression are available for research, commercial use or both. Characteristics of these mHealth platforms vary greatly. Future effort should focus on accessing the quality – utility, safety and effectiveness – of the existing platforms and providing developers, from both commercial and research sectors alike, a reporting guideline for their platform description as well as a regulatory framework to facilitate the development, validation and deployment of effective mHealth platforms. CLINICALTRIAL CRD42020193956

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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