scholarly journals The Role of the Epigenome in Translating Neighborhood Disadvantage Into Health Disparities

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Olden ◽  
Heather A. Olden ◽  
Yu-Sheng Lin
Author(s):  
Gilda A. Barabino

AbstractThe role of engineers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and in the elimination of health disparities, while not always visible, has important implications for the attainment of impactful solutions. The design skills, systems approach, and innovative mindset that engineers bring all have the potential to combat crises in novel and impactful ways. When a disparities lens is applied, a lens that views gaps in access, resources, and care, the engineering solutions are bound to be more robust and equitable. The disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on the Black community and other communities of color is linked to inequities in health rooted in a centuries long structural racism. Engineers working collaboratively with physicians and healthcare providers are poised to close equity gaps and strengthen the collective response to COVID-19 and future pandemics.


2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872199933
Author(s):  
Kendra Thompson-Dyck

Leveraging point-level spatial data from the Phoenix area, we consider the role of nearby organizations as contextual factors that amplify or reduce reoffending risk among juvenile offenders after court completion. Using survival models, we examine whether residential proximity to seven types of organizations impacts risk of recidivism, net of neighborhood disadvantage and offender characteristics. Aggregate neighborhood disadvantage was not associated with reoffending risk and organizational findings were mixed. Low-level offenders with more total organizations nearby had a higher risk of new property offenses, while the risk of drug and violent reoffending nearly doubled for diversion youth residing near police facilities or detention centers. Individual demographics and prior offense histories remained the strongest, most consistent predictors of juvenile recidivism.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 656-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawnita Sealy-Jefferson ◽  
Jaime Slaughter-Acey ◽  
Cleopatra H. Caldwell ◽  
Jamila Kwarteng ◽  
Dawn P. Misra

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 483-488
Author(s):  
Uzoamaka Asonye ◽  
Nicholas Apping ◽  
Leonardo V. Lopez ◽  
Dennis M. Popeo

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