Abstract
Traditionally, produced water from production separators is handled by multiple steps and different technologies in order to meet the required quality for either discharge or reinjection of the water.
The development of the latest Compact Flotation Unit (CFU) technology has unlocked the potential for savings on cost, complexity, footprint and weight for the produced water treatment system.
The developed CFU technology has proven applicable through field testing as a single treatment technology for reducing Oil-in-Water (OiW) content directly from tie-in at separator and still meet stringent requirements for outlet OiW quality.
Field tests were conducted with inlet OiW concentration ranging from 200-2000 ppm, achieving results in the range 2.5 to 21 ppm only with a two-stage latest generation CFU.
Compared to a traditional produced water system setup consisting of de-oiling hydrocyclones and a horizontal degassing vessel, the savings in footprint and operational weight is estimated to 54 % and 53 % respectively utilizing a two-stage CFU for a system with a design capacity of 76.000 BWPD.
Furthermore, the development of the latest generation CFU technology has enabled the retrofit concept, incorporating the developed CFU internals into existing gravity separation based produced water vessels, converting them to more efficient flotation vessels with increased capacity. For brownfield and debottlenecking applications, operators are challenged by increasing water cut from maturing wells, and as a result exceeding the facilities design capacity for produced water treatment. This challenge is often further reinforced by increasingly stricter environmental legislation for OiW content for discharge or re-injection. The retrofit concept will offer a highly cost-, footprint- and weight-efficient solutions to these challenges utilizing existing vessels.
Benefits of the retrofit concept: Bring proven and unique performance of the technology to other produced water separation vessels helping the operators improve the separation efficiency and increase throughput while meeting discharge requirementsShort execution time compared to installation of new process equipmentLow cost compared to installation of new process equipmentUtilization of existing equipment saves valuable footprint.
Design of a New Test Boiler and Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel in Boiler Water System
