Changes in Stereotypical Behavior Following Chlorpromazine Termination: Polypharmacy Effects on Response Class Membership

In the scope of studies that investigate the effects of manipulation in verbal antecedents upon the related non verbal behavior, the present study evaluated the effect of differential reinforcement of one response class (choice of phrases about positive aspects about reading, interpreted as tacts with positive qualifying autoclitics) upon other class (the choice of reading behavior), reinforcing choices of phrases about positive aspects of reading and observing its effects upon the emission of reading behavior. It were registered activities and photographs chosen before and after the training. During training, four phrases appeared in a computer screen and just the choice of one of them (related to reading) was reinforced with points. The results indicated an augment of the choices in reading behavior as well as in the time of reading for the majority of the participants and an augment of the choices of choosing photographs related to reading, when compared to the results of the baseline. The results are interpreted according to behavior verbally governed.

Download Full-text

Health Care Utilization, Transition Readiness, and Quality of Life: A Latent Class Analysis

Journal of Pediatric Psychology ◽

10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa099 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Katherine A Traino ◽

Christina M Sharkey ◽

Megan N Perez ◽

Dana M Bakula ◽

Caroline M Roberts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Utilization ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Class Membership ◽

Transition Readiness ◽

High Utilization

Abstract Objective To identify possible subgroups of health care utilization (HCU) patterns among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with a chronic medical condition (CMC), and examine how these patterns relate to transition readiness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods Undergraduates (N = 359; Mage=19.51 years, SD = 1.31) with a self-reported CMC (e.g., asthma, allergies, irritable bowel syndrome) completed measures of demographics, HCU (e.g., presence of specialty or adult providers, recent medical visits), transition readiness, and mental HRQoL (MHC) and physical HRQoL (PHC). Latent class analysis identified four distinct patterns of HCU. The BCH procedure evaluated how these patterns related to transition readiness and HRQoL outcomes. Results Based on seven indicators of HCU, a four-class model was found to have optimal fit. Classes were termed High Utilization (n = 95), Adult Primary Care Physician (PCP)-Moderate Utilization (n = 107), Family PCP-Moderate Utilization (n = 81), and Low Utilization (n = 76). Age, family income, and illness controllability predicted class membership. Class membership predicted transition readiness and PHC, but not MHC. The High Utilization group reported the highest transition readiness and the lowest HRQoL, while the Low Utilization group reported the lowest transition readiness and highest HRQoL. Conclusions The present study characterizes the varying degrees to which AYAs with CMCs utilize health care. Our findings suggest poorer PHC may result in higher HCU, and that greater skills and health care engagement may not be sufficient for optimizing HRQoL. Future research should examine the High Utilization subgroup and their risk for poorer HRQoL.

Download Full-text

Eating behaviour, physical activity, TV exposure and sleeping habits in five year olds: a latent class analysis

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02640-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Molly Mattsson ◽

Deirdre M. Murray ◽

Mairead Kiely ◽

Fergus P. McCarthy ◽

Elaine McCarthy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Eating Behaviour ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Class Membership ◽

Active Play ◽

Food Avoidance ◽

Cluster Membership

Abstract Background Diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and sleep time are considered major contributory factors of the increased prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. The aims of this study were to (1) identify behavioural clusters of 5 year old children based on lifestyle behaviours, (2) explore potential determinants of class membership, and (3) to determine if class membership was associated with body measure outcomes at 5 years of age. Methods Data on eating behaviour, engagement in active play, TV watching, and sleep duration in 1229 5 year old children from the Cork BASELINE birth cohort study was obtained through in-person interviews with parent. Latent class analysis was used to identify behavioural clusters. Potential determinants of cluster membership were investigated using multinomial logistic regression. Associations between the identified classes and cardio metabolic body measures were examined using multivariate logistic and linear regression, with cluster membership used as the independent variable. Results 51% of children belonged to a normative class, while 28% of children were in a class characterised by high scores on food avoidance scales in combination with low enjoyment of food, and 20% experienced high scores on the food approach scales. Children in both these classes had lower conditional probabilities of engaging in active play for at least 1 hour per day and sleeping for a minimum of 10 h, and higher probability of watching TV for 2 hours or more, compared to the normative class. Low socioeconomic index (SEI) and no breastfeeding at 2 months were found to be associated with membership of the class associated with high scores on the food avoidance scale, while lower maternal education was associated with the class defined by high food approach scores. Children in the class with high scores on the food approach scales had higher fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) compared to the normative class, and were at greater risk of overweight and obesity. Conclusion Findings suggest that eating behaviour appeared to influence overweight and obesity risk to a greater degree than activity levels at 5 years old. Further research of how potentially obesogenic behaviours in early life track over time and influence adiposity and other cardio metabolic outcomes is crucial to inform the timing of interventions.

Download Full-text

Prediction of Solubility and Permeability Class Membership: Provisional BCS Classification of the World’s Top Oral Drugs

The AAPS Journal ◽

10.1208/s12248-009-9144-x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 740-746 ◽

Cited By ~ 243

Author(s):

Arik Dahan ◽

Jonathan M. Miller ◽

Gordon L. Amidon

Keyword(s):

Class Membership ◽

Oral Drugs

Download Full-text

Birth Order and Responsiveness to Social Influence

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1972.30.1.99 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 99-104

Author(s):

Georgia Babladelis

Keyword(s):

Social Influence ◽

Birth Order ◽

Differential Reinforcement ◽

Response Class

In the first study 125 Ss representing four birth-order groups participated in an interview during which a preselected response class (positive or negative self-statements) was reinforced. In the second study 40 Ss representing four birth-order groups participated in a series of six interviews during which E reinforced the preselected response class (positive or negative self-statements). There were no significant differences among birth-order groups in responsiveness to differential reinforcement of evaluative self-statements. Particularly, firstborns did not show the responsiveness to social influence which reportedly characterizes them. Findings were discussed in the context of the need for replications.

Download Full-text

Trajectory classes of cannabis use and heavy drinking among rural African American adolescents: multi-level predictors of class membership

Addiction ◽

10.1111/add.14200 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 113 (8) ◽

pp. 1439-1449 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Allen W. Barton ◽

Gene H. Brody ◽

Tamika C. B. Zapolski ◽

Trenette C. Goings ◽

Steven M. Kogan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

African American Adolescents ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Class Membership ◽

Multi Level

Download Full-text

Predicting progression in the late onset frontal lobe syndrome

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610218001242 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 743-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Flora T. Gossink ◽

Everard Vijverberg ◽

Welmoed Krudop ◽

Philip Scheltens ◽

Max L. Stek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Frontal Lobe ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Late Onset ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

Clinical Markers ◽

Neuropsychological Profile ◽

Stereotypical Behavior ◽

Executive Deficits ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Frontal Lobe Syndrome

ABSTRACTA late onset frontal lobe syndrome (LOF) refers to a clinical syndrome with apathy, disinhibition, or stereotypical behavior arising in middle or late adulthood. Diagnostics are challenging, and both clinicians and patients need reliable predictors of progression to improve clinical guidance. In this longitudinal multicenter and genetically screened prospective study, 137 LOF patients with frontal behavior (FBI score≥11) and/or stereotypical behavior (SRI≥10) were included. Progression was defined as institutionalization, death, or progression of frontal or temporal atrophy at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after two years of follow up. Absence of progression at MRI in addition to stable or improved Mini Mental State Examination and Frontal Assessment Battery scores after two years was indicative for non-progression. The presence of stereotypy and a neuropsychological profile with executive deficits at baseline were found to be predictive for progression, while a history and family history with psychiatric disorders were predictors for non-progression. The combination of these clinical markers had a predictive value of 80.4% (p < 0.05). In patients presenting with late onset behavioral symptoms, an appraisal of the rate of deterioration can be made by detailed mapping of clinical symptoms. Distinction of progressive discourses from non-progressive or treatable conditions is to be gained.

Download Full-text

Content-Based Image Retrieval System for Pulmonary Nodules Using Optimal Feature Sets and Class Membership-Based Retrieval

Journal of Digital Imaging ◽

10.1007/s10278-018-0136-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 362-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shrikant A. Mehre ◽

Ashis Kumar Dhara ◽

Mandeep Garg ◽

Naveen Kalra ◽

Niranjan Khandelwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Image Retrieval ◽

Retrieval System ◽

Pulmonary Nodules ◽

Content Based Image Retrieval ◽

Class Membership ◽

Feature Sets ◽

Image Retrieval System ◽

Optimal Feature

Download Full-text

O inconsciente na interpretação clínica analítico-comportamental

PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDIES - Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica ◽

10.18065/rag.2010v16n1.7 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 64-72

Author(s):

Jocelaine Martins da SILVEIRA ◽

Lázaro de ALMEIDA

Keyword(s):

Behavior Analysis ◽

Clinical Behavior Analysis ◽

Response Class ◽

Clinical Behavior

The aim of this article was to describe the clinical behavior analysis background related to the topic unconsciousness. In order to understantd the topic, some B. F. Skinner’s publicatons about unconscious were examined, as well as some publications in the clinical behavior analysis field. Results indicated that, according to Behavior Analysis, there are two main conditions on which the term unconscious is applied in certain theoretic traditions in Psychology. Both conditions depend on a social-verbal environment that teaches self-descriptive behaviors and also teachs the response class of avoiding such descriptions. The first condition relies on the unconsciousness caused by the lack ou poor exposure of a verbal environment which would promote the knowlege about what one has done, what one is doing, what one tends to do or about the controling variables of a given behavior. The second condition in which the term unconscious is used is closely related to what certain theories would call repressed unconscious and it is produced by punishing contingencies. In the clinical behavior analysis, these both conditions are analysed, but the sencond type is specially focused, that is, those conditions that produce the response class of escaping/avoiding the de tacts of punishable behaviors.

Download Full-text