Correlations between water quality and precipitation in areas with different levels of human occupation

<p>It is well recognized that the classical biological and chemical markers of environmental pollution do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of emerging threats to public health, such as waterborne viruses and genotoxicants. The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the presence of material of enteroviruses (EV), rotavirus (RV) and adenovirus (AdV) and genotoxicity in water samples from points of routine monitoring of water quality in the main course of the Sinos River. The points are classified into different levels of pollution in accordance to the Brazilian federal regulations. Viral genomes from EV, AdV were detected in two of the 4 collection points regardless of the level of urbanisation of the surrounding areas. In contrast, genotoxicity was not observed in piava (<italic>Leporinus obtusidens</italic>) fingerlings cultivated on these same water samples. Results were compared with classical physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. There was no clear evidence of association between any of the classical markers and the presence of viral genomes in the water samples tested.</p>

Download Full-text

Implications of water hardness in ecotoxicological assessments for water quality regulatory purposes: a case study with the aquatic snail Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.24212 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 175-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

EC Oliveira-Filho ◽

NR Caixeta ◽

NCS Simplício ◽

SR Sousa ◽

TP Aragão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Natural Water ◽

Water Hardness ◽

Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽

Water Quality Monitoring ◽

Freshwater Snail ◽

Survival And Reproduction ◽

Testing Medium ◽

Different Levels

Water hardness is a property depending on the presence of alkaline earth metals, mainly calcium and magnesium. Among the strategies for water quality monitoring, ecotoxicological assays are performed to minimize impacts and classify water bodies. For these laboratory evaluations parameters are previously defined in the guidelines, including water hardness for both cultivation and testing medium. The present work was performed to evaluate the effects of different levels of water hardness on the survival and reproduction of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata and discuss the influence of natural water hardness on the results of ecotoxicological tests with these environmental samples. Comparing the groups it was possible to observe that those maintained in waters with least hardness had lower reproductive success, while the groups maintained in highest hardness showed better reproduction. These data show that waters with low hardness make the reproduction of the snail B. glabrata unfeasible, and this reveal a problem for ecotoxicity assays using natural water samples.

Download Full-text

Determinantes socioeconómicos de la calidad del agua superficial en México

región y sociedad ◽

10.22198/rys.2017.69.a325 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (69) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

María Eugenia Ibarrarán Viniegra ◽

Alfonso Mendoza Velázquez ◽

Cristina Pastrana López ◽

Erika Jazmín Manzanilla Interian

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Surface Water ◽

Economic Activity ◽

National Development ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Economic Determinants ◽

Water Treatment Plants ◽

Politica Publica ◽

Different Levels

Resumen: la calidad y la disponibilidad de agua de los ríos en México son cruciales para el desarrollo regional y nacional, pero tienen problemas graves; en 2006, 74 por ciento de las aguas superficiales tenía grados diferentes de contaminación. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar la influencia de algunas variables socioeconómicas en la calidad del agua superficial en las regiones hidrológicas administrativas, y proponer acciones para mejorarla. Según el análisis econométrico, la actividad económica y la densidad poblacional perjudican la calidad del agua superficial en dichas regiones. Es poco el efecto del aumento de las plantas de tratamiento de agua en cuanto a la contaminación; el incremento en el caudal tratado es contraproducente para la calidad del agua. Estos elementos presentan aspectos importantes para ser abordados por las políticas públicas.Palabras clave: agua superficial; calidad del agua; contaminación de ríos; cuencas hidrológicas; plantas de tratamiento de agua; política pública; modelos econométricos. Socio-economic determinants of surface water quality in MexicoAbstract: the quality and availability of water in Mexican rivers is critical for regional and national development, but they pose serious problems. In 2006, 74 percent of the surface water in Mexico had different levels of pollution. The objective of this research is to identify the influence of socioeconomic variables in surface water quality on each of the hydrological-administrative regions (hars) and to propose actions in order to improve its quality. After an econometric analysis, results show that surface water quality in the different hars is affected by economic activity and population density. On the other hand, the increase of water treatment plants has little impact on reducing water pollution and the increase of treated water shows a counterproductive effect on water quality. All of these aspects should be considered when designing public policy.Key words: surface water; water quality; pollution of rivers; water basins; water treatment plants; public policy; econometric models.

Download Full-text

Hydrogeological functioning of the tablecloth of the Midelt Furrow (High Moulouya, MOROCCO)

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20183701002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 01002

Author(s):

H. Ikhmerdi ◽

A. Boukdir ◽

A. Kossir ◽

L. Alili ◽

E. Ben-Said

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Point Of View ◽

Flow Mode ◽

Left Bank ◽

Geological Data ◽

The West ◽

High Atlas ◽

The Poor ◽

The Right ◽

Different Levels

The superficial tablecloth of furrow of Midelt belongs to the bowl of High Moulouya which stretches out from the west eastward between the High Atlas in the South and the Medium Atlas west and in the Northeast. The methodology used includes the synthesis of geological data, piezometry, hydrodynamics, hydroclimatology and water quality. This study provides the following results: The flow mode of the water table is general SW to NE on the left bank of the Moulouya river and on the right bank, the flow is from the NW to the SE. The piezometric ratings vary from 1460 to 1780 m. The hydraulic gradient is the order of 2% on average. The transmissivity is usually about 10-3 m2/s. the punctual flows can reach 50 l / s (case of the drilling N ° IRE 879/38 realized in the alluviums of the Outat). The flow provided by the sources from conglomerates and lake limestones of the Plio-Villafranchien is 50 l / s. The unit of the Mio- Plio-Quaternary aquifer is fed from the infiltrations of rains, by the wadis which cross the banks of the conglomerates and by the landing of the tablecloths of Lias, Dogger and Cretaceous this feeding is however weak in because of the discontinuity of the formations and the poor permeability of the different levels. From a qualitative point of view the groundwater analysis of the aquifer shows that their overall quality is average to good.

Download Full-text

Diffuse pollution associated with the mining sectors in South Africa: a first-order assessment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.066 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 9-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

S.E. Coetser ◽

R.G.M. Heath ◽

N. Ndombe

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

South Africa ◽

Water Quality ◽

Mining Industry ◽

Source Water ◽

Diffuse Source ◽

Levels Of Detail ◽

Available Information ◽

Different Levels ◽

Receiving Water

Internationally it has become recognised that diffuse source water pollution from mining activities severely affects the degradation of water quality especially with regards to acidification and metal loading. South Africa is facing major problems with regard to the management and treatment of contaminated mine water. Very little has been published for South Africa about the quantities and qualities of diffuse source water pollution by the mining industry. Furthermore the available information has not yet been compiled into a consolidated overview that presents the total picture. Some of the problems that limit the use of the available information and would necessitate further processing to normalise the data, derive from the fact that the investigations producing the information were done at different times, to different levels of detail and using different approaches. A further complicating factor is that data for some mining commodities may not be available and may necessitate further investigation. The overview of the quantities and qualities of non-point source effluent production by different sectors needs to be interpreted in terms of the effect the effluent can be expected to have on receiving water quality (both surface and groundwater). It would thus be necessary to categorise waste types according to their effect on water quality and synthesise the data to obtain an estimate of the threat that different sectors and sub-sectors pose to receiving water quality.

Download Full-text

Simple tertiary treatment systems

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2005.0080 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (3-4) ◽

pp. 35-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

B. Moreno Escobar ◽

M.A. Gómez Nieto ◽

E. Hontoria García

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Research Group ◽

Treatment Costs ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Tertiary Treatment ◽

Treated Water ◽

Wide Range ◽

Different Levels

There currently exists a wide range of systems for treating wastewater for reuse, with different levels of water quality and variable treatment costs. In view of this, it is appropriate to consider the most suitable alternatives in relation to the uses for which the treated water is intended. Accordingly, the research group ‘Microbiology and Environmental Techniques’ is studying various types of tertiary treatment with the aim of establishing which treatment is most suitable for specific uses. Results indicate that neither maturation lagoons nor macrofiltration systems should be employed as the only tertiary treatment before reuse. More exacting uses require more advanced technology, such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration, although it should be stressed that neither of these technologies is capable of eliminating dissolved substances. In this respect, reverse osmosis technology may provide a solution.

Download Full-text

The Study on Multi-Parameter Alarm Algorithm of Water Quality Monitoring

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.823.485 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 823 ◽

pp. 485-488

Author(s):

Ying Jie Zhong ◽

Wei Sheng Zhong

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Optimal Control ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Fuzzy Reasoning ◽

Water Quality Monitoring ◽

False Positives ◽

Single Parameter ◽

Quality Monitoring ◽

Alarm System ◽

Different Levels

Single parameter alarm system have the defects of high false positives, frequent alarm and weak abilities to comprehensively analysis the parameters because abnormalities usually occur in the water quality monitoring. As a result, this paper designs an alarm system to monitor the process that can intelligently analysis parameters combined with the duration of the alarm by using fuzzy reasoning method. Besides, the alarm output is divided into several levels, and corresponding services will be triggered by the alarm output in different levels. At the same time, the operators can get the detailed information of the alarm in the shortest time and take the valid control strategies. Finally, the system will achieve the optimal control with safety.

Download Full-text

Using Scientific Inquiry to Teach Students about Water Quality

The American Biology Teacher ◽

10.1525/abt.2012.74.7.13 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 74 (7) ◽

pp. 503-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Helena Puche ◽

Jame Holt

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

High School Students ◽

Scientific Inquiry ◽

Guided Inquiry ◽

School Students ◽

Aquatic Fauna ◽

Different Sources ◽

Different Levels ◽

Macroinvertebrate Fauna ◽

Analyze Data

This semi-guided inquiry activity explores the macroinvertebrate fauna in water sources affected by different levels of pollution. Students develop their ability to identify macroinvertebrates, compare aquatic fauna from different sources of water samples, evaluate water quality using an index, document and analyze data, raise questions and hypotheses, and discuss other possible issues that could be investigated at a later time. These sets of activities were designed for freshman high school students but are applicable to middle school students as well.

Download Full-text

Trichomycete prevalence in Thomas Brook, Nova Scotia, exposed to different levels of human activity

Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-2021-0053 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 671-682

Author(s):

D.B. Strongman

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Nova Scotia ◽

Human Activities ◽

Aquatic Invertebrates ◽

Management Practices ◽

Beneficial Management Practices ◽

Two New Species ◽

Annapolis Valley ◽

The Impact ◽

Different Levels

The Thomas Brook in the Annapolis Valley, Nova Scotia, was the focus of an Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada wastershed evaluation of beneficial management practices (WEBs) project from 2004–2008. The stream is impacted by human activities along its course, with residential influences and farming operations. The water quality in Thomas Brook was assessed in 2006, and the current study done in 2011–2012 used the same standard invertebrate metrics to measure water quality. This project also examined the prevalence of gut endosymbionts (trichomycetes) in aquatic invertebrates to determine whether water quality affects this community of obligate microorganisms in their hosts. The water quality was improved in Thomas Brook in 2011/2012 compared with that measured in the earlier study. There were 34 taxa of trichomycetes recorded in benthic insects in the stream, including two new species. The trichomycete community was rich in dipteran hosts (midges and black fly larvae), but the prevalence of gut fungi in ephemeropteran (mayfly) nymphs in the system was low, perhaps due to the impact of human activities on water quality.

Download Full-text