Exploiting the antiviral potential of intermetallic nanoparticles

Abstract Viral pandemic outbreaks cause a significant burden on global health as well as healthcare expenditure. The use of antiviral agents not only reduces the spread of viral pathogens but also diminishes the likelihood of them causing infection. The antiviral properties of novel copper-silver and copper-zinc intermetallic nanoparticles against Escherichia coli bacteriophage MS2 (RNA virus) and Escherichia coli bacteriophage T4 (DNA virus) are presented. The intermetallic nanoparticles were spherical in shape and were between 90 and 120 nm. Antiviral activity was assessed at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 2.0 wt/v% for 3 and 24 h using DNA and RNA virus model organisms. Both types of nanoparticles demonstrated strong potency towards RNA viruses (> 89% viral reduction), whilst copper-silver nanoparticles were slightly more toxic towards DNA viruses when compared to copper-zinc nanoparticles. Both nanoparticles were then incorporated into polymeric fibres (carrier) to investigate their antiviral effectiveness when composited into polymeric matrices. Fibres containing copper-silver nanoparticles exhibited favourable antiviral properties, with a viral reduction of 75% after 3 h of exposure. The excellent antiviral properties of the intermetallic nanoparticles reported in this study against both types of viruses together with their unique material properties can make them significant alternatives to conventional antiviral therapies and decontamination agents.

Download Full-text

Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Under an Ultrasonic Field

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2011.4.3.8 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 1491-1496

Author(s):

Umadevi M ◽

Rani T ◽

Balakrishnan T ◽

Ramanibai R

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Reduction Method ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Ultrasonic Field ◽

Great Promise ◽

Chemical Reduction Method ◽

E Coli

Nanotechnology has great promise for improving the therapeutic potential of medicinal molecules and related agents. In this study, silver nanoparticles of different sizes were synthesized in an ultrasonic field using the chemical reduction method with sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. The size effect of silver nanoparticles on antimicrobial activity were tested against the microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC No. 96), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC No. 441), Streptococcus mutans (MTCC No. 497), Escherichia coli (MTCC No. 739) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC No. 1934). The results shows that B. subtilis, and E. coli were more sensitive to silver nanoparticles and its size, indicating the superior antimicrobial efficacy of silver nanoparticles.

Download Full-text

Gene 32 protein of bacteriophage T4 moderates the activities of the T4 gene 46/47-controlled nuclease and of the Escherichia coli RecBC nuclease in vivo.

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.17.3.756-761.1976 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 756-761 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

G Mosig ◽

S Bock

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Bacteriophage T4 ◽

Gene 32

Download Full-text

The in vitro transcription-translation of DNA and RNA templates by extracts of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. Optimization and comparison of template specificity with Escherichia coli extracts and in vivo synthesis.

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(18)33400-8 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 257 (24) ◽

pp. 15110-15121

Author(s):

J Chory ◽

S Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

In Vitro Transcription ◽

Rhodopseudomonas Sphaeroides ◽

Dna And Rna ◽

Template Specificity ◽

In Vivo Synthesis

Download Full-text

Transcriptome analysis of Escherichia coli K1 after therapy with hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-021-02097-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdulkader Masri ◽

Naveed Ahmed Khan ◽

Muhammad Zarul Hanifah Md Zoqratt ◽

Qasim Ayub ◽

Ayaz Anwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Neonatal Meningitis ◽

E Coli ◽

Drug Candidates ◽

Metabolic Genes ◽

Genetic Mechanisms ◽

Cell Stress Response

Abstract Backgrounds Escherichia coli K1 causes neonatal meningitis. Transcriptome studies are indispensable to comprehend the pathology and biology of these bacteria. Recently, we showed that nanoparticles loaded with Hesperidin are potential novel antibacterial agents against E. coli K1. Here, bacteria were treated with and without Hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles, and silver alone, and 50% minimum inhibitory concentration was determined. Differential gene expression analysis using RNA-seq, was performed using Degust software and a set of genes involved in cell stress response and metabolism were selected for the study. Results 50% minimum inhibitory concentration with silver-conjugated Hesperidin was achieved with 0.5 μg/ml of Hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles at 1 h. Differential genetic analysis revealed the expression of 122 genes (≥ 2-log FC, P< 0.01) in both E. coli K1 treated with Hesperidin conjugated silver nanoparticles and E. coli K1 treated with silver alone, compared to untreated E. coli K1. Of note, the expression levels of cation efflux genes (cusA and copA) and translocation of ions, across the membrane genes (rsxB) were found to increase 2.6, 3.1, and 3.3- log FC, respectively. Significant regulation was observed for metabolic genes and several genes involved in the coordination of flagella. Conclusions The antibacterial mechanism of nanoparticles maybe due to disruption of the cell membrane, oxidative stress, and metabolism in E. coli K1. Further studies will lead to a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying treatment with nanoparticles and identification of much needed novel antimicrobial drug candidates.

Download Full-text

Label-Free Detection of Escherichia coli from Mixed Bacterial Cultures Using Bacteriophage T4 on Plasmonic Fiber-Optic Sensor

ACS Sensors ◽

10.1021/acssensors.1c00801 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pallavi Halkare ◽

Nirmal Punjabi ◽

Jigme Wangchuk ◽

Santhosh Madugula ◽

Kiran Kondabagil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Fiber Optic ◽

Bacteriophage T4 ◽

Fiber Optic Sensor ◽

Label Free ◽

Bacterial Cultures ◽

Optic Sensor ◽

Label Free Detection

Download Full-text

Hepatitis C virus vaccine development: old challenges and new opportunities

National Science Review ◽

10.1093/nsr/nwv040 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 285-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Dapeng Li ◽

Zhong Huang ◽

Jin Zhong

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Chronic Hepatitis C ◽

Vaccine Development ◽

Rna Virus ◽

Antiviral Agents ◽

Resistance Mutations ◽

Direct Acting Antiviral ◽

Direct Acting

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV), an enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, can cause chronic and end-stage liver diseases. Approximately 185 million people worldwide are infected with HCV. Tremendous progress has been achieved in the therapeutics of chronic hepatitis C thanks to the development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), but the worldwide use of these highly effective DAAs is limited due to their high treatment cost. In addition, drug-resistance mutations remain a potential problem as DAAs are becoming a standard therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Unfortunately, no vaccine is available for preventing new HCV infection. Therefore, HCV still imposes a big threat to human public health, and the worldwide eradication of HCV is critically dependent on an effective HCV vaccine. In this review, we summarize recent progresses on HCV vaccine development and present our views on the rationale and strategy to develop an effective HCV vaccine.

Download Full-text