Folic Acid (pteroyl glutamic acid)

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid

scholarly journals Biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly(L-γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles conjugated to folic acid for targeted delivery of doxorubicin

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 743-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Jaimes-Aguirre ◽  
Enrique Morales-Avila ◽  
Blanca E. Ocampo-García ◽  
Luis Alberto Medina ◽  
Gustavo López-Téllez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Biodegradable Poly

scholarly journals Modification process in nixtamalization of folic acid-rich dent corn (Zea mays identata) and its identification as smart food fortificant

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustine Susilowati ◽  
Puspa Dewi Lotulung ◽  
Yati Maryati ◽  
Aspiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Dent Corn

A modification on nixtamalization process of dent corn (Zea mays identata) was conducted in order to recover natural folic acid-rich corn. Nixtamalization process on varieties of white dent corn and yellow dent corn subsequently were performed by steeping solution of Ca(OH)2 at concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 30 % (w/w corn dissolved protein) for 18 hours, and boiling at 90 °C for 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. Result of research showed that concentration of Ca(OH)2 solution becoming more and more high and long boiling time increased both folic acid and reducing sugar, dropped total solids and total sugar, and fluctuated dissolved protein for both types of corn. Nixtamalization optimalization of white dent corn and yellow dent corn were achieved at combination of Ca(OH)2 20 % (w/w corn dissolved protein) for 60 minutes of boiling and Ca(OH)2 30 % for 30 minutes of boiling and gave folic acid of 466.81 and 506.74 μg/mL, respectively. In this condition, it is occurred an increase of folic acid 192.3 % (1.9 folds) and 139.89 % (1.4 folds) when compared to initial material of corn. Identification on folic acid monomer and glutamic acid monomer of both nixtamalized dent corn and yellow dent corn at optimum operation condition displayed domination of folic acid monomer with molecular weight (MW) 442.56 Dalton (Da.) with relative intensity 25.51 %, and 441.73 Da. with relative intensity 100 %, while glutamic acid monomer of nixtamalized yellow dent corn and nixtamalized white dent corn were dominated by monomer with MWs of 148.27 Da. and 148.32 Da., and relative intensity 3.73 and 1.8 %.

EXCRETION OF 4(5)-AMINO-5(4)-IMIDAZOLECARBOXAMIDE AND FORMIMINO-L-GLUTAMIC ACID IN FOLIC ACID AND VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENT RATS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1367-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. McGeer ◽  
N. P. Sen ◽  
D. A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Urocanic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Acid Load ◽  
Deficient Group

The excretion of 4(5)-amino-5(4)-imidazolecarboxamide (AIC) in the urines of normal rats, rats raised on a folic acid deficient diet, and rats raised on a vitamin B12 deficient diet was measured. The AIC excretion was elevated 3-fold above normal in the B12 deficient group and 1.5-fold above normal in the folic acid deficient group.No evidence could be found that the raised AIC excretion was associated with a block in the conversion of AIC to purines. The recovery of radioactive AIC in the urine after an intraperitoneal dose of 2 μmoles AIC per kg was not increased over normal in any of the deficient groups, and was significantly less than normal in the B12-deficient group. Most of the urinary radioactivity in all groups was in allantoin, uric acid, and purines.When a load of 220 μmoles of AIC per kg was administered there was no difference between the vitamin B12 deficient and the normal groups in AIC recovery in the urine. When a load of 220 μmoles of urocanic acid per kg was administered, however, the B12-deficient group had an 18-fold increase over normal in Figlu excretion, and the folic acid deficient group a 17-fold increase. Thus, a substantial block in formimino-L-glutamic acid (Figlu) metabolism, but not in AIC metabolism, existed in the vitamin-deficient groups.Feeding a B12-deficient group a 2% methionine supplement reduced the Figlu excretion after a urocanic acid load to less than half that observed in B12-deficient groups without methionine supplementation, but had no influence on the AIC excretion.

scholarly journals Synthesis of L-2-(N-Pteroylamino )-3-(N -phosphonoacetyl)aminopropanoic Acid as an Analogue of the Putative Phosphorylated Intermediate in the γ-Glutamation of Folic Acid by Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase

Pteridines ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Forsch ◽  
Henry Bader ◽  
Andre Rosowsky
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase ◽  
Phosphonate Esters ◽  
Catalytic Addition

L-2-(N-Pteroyl)amino-3-(N-phosphonoacetyl)aminopropanoic acid was synthesized as an analogue of the putative y-phosphorylated intermediate in the enzyme-catalyzed γ-glutamation of folic acid by folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS). N-(Benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-aspartic acid was converted in four steps to methyl L-2-(N-benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-3-aminopropanoate, and the latter was allowed to react with p-nitrophenyl dimethoxyphosphonoacetate to obtain methyl L-2-(N-benzyloxycarbonylamino)- 3-(N-dimethoxyphosphonoacetyl)aminopropanoate. After catalytic hydrogenation, the resulting amine was coupled to N10-formylpteroic acid via the mixed carboxylic-carbonic anhydride method, and the three ester groups were removed by sequential treatment with Me3SiBr in DMF and NaOH in DMSO. When the last step was performed only with NaOH/DMSO, one of the phosphonate esters remained intact, giving L-2-(N -pteroyl )amino-3 -(N -monOInethoxyphosphonoacetyl )aminopropanoic acid. Also synthesized as a potential FPGS inhibitor was Nα-(4-amino-4-deoxy-N10-methylpteroyl)-Nε-phosphonoacetyl- L-Iysine. The ability of these phosphonoacetyl derivatives to inhibit catalytic addition of L-glutamic acid to folic acid proved to be very low, suggesting that replacement of the CH2C(=O)OP(=O)(OH)2 moiety by NHC(=O)CH2P(=O)(OH)2 may place the terminal phosphonyl group in an unfavorable spatial orientation for binding to the enzyme.

A Microbiologic Method for Detecting Folic Acid Deficiency in Man

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Baker ◽  
V Herbert ◽  
O Frank ◽  
I Pasher ◽  
S H Hutner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Folic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Assay Methods

Abstract A microbiologic method based on Lactobacillus casei for assaying folic acid activity in serum is presented. The assay correlates directly with the clinical diagnosis. Comparison with formimino-L-glutamic acid determinations and other microbiologic assay methods shows the assay here described to yield a more dependable estimate of the folic acid status in humans.

scholarly journals Studies on the response ofLactobacillus caseito different folate monoglutamates

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Phillips ◽  
A. J. A. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Tetrahydrofolic Acid

1. The response ofLactobacillus caseiwas measured for a number of the monoglutamyl forms of folate derivatives.2. At the concentrations of folate commonly used in the assay of folate vitamin in foods the response ofL. caseito folic acid, (pteroyl glutamic acid) and 5-formyl-tetrahydrofolic acid was similar, but 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolic acid gave as little as half the response of folic acid.3. The response was modified by altering pH but not by concentration of ascorbate.4. These results have implications for the assays of foods for folate where mixtures of folate derivatives are present.5. A modified procedure is suggested in which the monoglutamates give similar responses.

scholarly journals Occurrence and significance of folic acid

Pteridines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Cieślik ◽  
Iwona Cieślik
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neural Tube Closure ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractFolic acid is a naturally occurring pteridine, which was originally isolated from plants. Folic acid (pteroyl-glutamic acid) is composed of pteridine (6-methylptero), p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and glutamic acid. Folic acid (folacin) is a compound of major importance for the proper functioning of the human body. Its adequate supply is essential for the proper course of many biochemical processes in the body, including the process of neural tube closure in the fetus, DNA and amino acid synthesis, growth of red blood cells, and the function of the nervous system. Folic acid is a compound of a high sensitivity to physical and chemical factors, and its bioavailability is limited by interactions with multiple food components. Therefore, folate deficiency is one of the most common deficiencies. This paper presents the structure and characteristics of folic acid as a pteridine, it also discusses dietary sources of folate and the effects of its deficiency.

The Action of Aminopterin on the Explanted Early Chick Embryo

Development ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
D. S. O'Dell ◽  
J. Mckenzie
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Folic Acid Antagonists ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Biochemical Action ◽  
Gaining Insight

One method of gaining insight into the mechanisms of growth and differentiation is based on the use of defined substances to alter normal development, but analysis of developmental changes so produced may be difficult or impossible if the substances used have an ill-defined biochemical action. The antimetabolites, however, do not have this disadvantage and, among them, folk acid antagonists are especially interesting. The metabolic activity of folic acid, which has been demonstrated in microorganisms, insects and vertebrates, is inhibited by suitable doses of folic acid antagonists. Because therapeutically they cause temporary remissions in cases of acute leukaemia, probably more analogues of folic acid have now been developed than of all other vitamins put together (Daniel, 1961). Aminopterin (4-aminopteroyl-L-glutamic acid) has been widely used, although the less potent methotrexate (amethopterin) (4-amino-10-methylpteroyl-L-glutamic acid) has often been preferred clinically.

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