scholarly journals Modification process in nixtamalization of folic acid-rich dent corn (Zea mays identata) and its identification as smart food fortificant

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustine Susilowati ◽  
Puspa Dewi Lotulung ◽  
Yati Maryati ◽  
Aspiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Dent Corn

A modification on nixtamalization process of dent corn (Zea mays identata) was conducted in order to recover natural folic acid-rich corn. Nixtamalization process on varieties of white dent corn and yellow dent corn subsequently were performed by steeping solution of Ca(OH)2 at concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 30 % (w/w corn dissolved protein) for 18 hours, and boiling at 90 °C for 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. Result of research showed that concentration of Ca(OH)2 solution becoming more and more high and long boiling time increased both folic acid and reducing sugar, dropped total solids and total sugar, and fluctuated dissolved protein for both types of corn. Nixtamalization optimalization of white dent corn and yellow dent corn were achieved at combination of Ca(OH)2 20 % (w/w corn dissolved protein) for 60 minutes of boiling and Ca(OH)2 30 % for 30 minutes of boiling and gave folic acid of 466.81 and 506.74 μg/mL, respectively. In this condition, it is occurred an increase of folic acid 192.3 % (1.9 folds) and 139.89 % (1.4 folds) when compared to initial material of corn. Identification on folic acid monomer and glutamic acid monomer of both nixtamalized dent corn and yellow dent corn at optimum operation condition displayed domination of folic acid monomer with molecular weight (MW) 442.56 Dalton (Da.) with relative intensity 25.51 %, and 441.73 Da. with relative intensity 100 %, while glutamic acid monomer of nixtamalized yellow dent corn and nixtamalized white dent corn were dominated by monomer with MWs of 148.27 Da. and 148.32 Da., and relative intensity 3.73 and 1.8 %.

scholarly journals Fermentation time difference of nixtamalized horse dent corn (Zea mays var. indenata) by Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium brevis as source of natural folic acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012065
Author(s):  
Agustine Susilowati ◽  
Aspiyanto ◽  
Yati Maryati ◽  
Hakiki Melanie ◽  
Puspa Dewi N. Lotulung
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Yellow Corn ◽  
Dent Corn

Abstract Bifidobacterium sp. as microbes has potential role in fermentation of nixtamalized horse dent corn (Zea mays var. indentata) to degrade complex components into folic acid-rich corn biomass. Fermentation process on both nixtamalized yellow corn and white corn by Bifidobacterium brevis and Bifidobacterium bifidum as substrat of A, B, C and D were conducted at concentration of corn folic acid inoculum 40% (w/w) and 37 °C for 0, 8, 16, and 24 hours, respectively. Based on dissolved protein yielded, the experiment result showed that the best result of optimization in fermentation of both nixtamalized yellow corn (biomass B) and white corn (biomass D) was achieved by using inoculum of B. bifidum for 16 hours with composition of folic acid of 213.58 and 297.72 μg/mL, total solids of 21.14 and 21.07%, dissolved protein of 0.42 and 0.39 mg/mL, reducing sugars of 34.2 and 37.8 mg/mL, total sugars of 104.7 and 98.6 mg/mL, total acids of 0.37 and 0.44%, N-amino of 0.28 and 0.26 mg/g, and pH 4.82 and 4.49, respectively. In this condition, biomass of B. and biomass of D indicated domination of folic acid monomer with molecular weight (MW) 442.29 and 442.59 Dalton (Da.) at relative intensity 100%, particles size of 1115.1 nm and 1075.7 nm, and particle index of 0.827 and 0.849, respectively. Meanwhile, volatile compounds were dominated by 2,3-butanediol of 4.46 and 10.65%, palmitic acid of 7.63 and 8.26%, octadecenoic acid of 6.31 and 9.5%, lactic acid of 2.37% and 0.53%, respectively.

scholarly journals Biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly(L-γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles conjugated to folic acid for targeted delivery of doxorubicin

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 743-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Jaimes-Aguirre ◽  
Enrique Morales-Avila ◽  
Blanca E. Ocampo-García ◽  
Luis Alberto Medina ◽  
Gustavo López-Téllez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Biodegradable Poly

Bagasse Wet-Stored with the Hypochlorite Bleaching Waste Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Sun ◽  
Li Bao ◽  
Yu Xin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Wet Storage ◽  
Change Trend ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, the bagasse was wet stored by hypochlorite bleaching waste water with or without chlorine. The dissolution ability of lignin, total sugar and reducing sugar was investigated. Then the effluent properties with the wet storage time prolonging were tested. The results showed that some small molecular weight substances were dissolved from baggase, such as sugar and lignin. And the dissolution ability of hypochlorite bleaching waste water with chlorine was better than that of hypochlorite bleaching waste water without chlorine. And the change trend of effluent properties for the two wet storage system were similar. With the wet storage time extending, the dissolved substances were degraded, COD and chroma of effluent were decreased, and the properties of effluent were improved.

Morpho-Biochemical Characteristics of Brinjal Germplasms Affect the Abundance And Infestation of Jassid

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
F Yasmin ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
M Afroz ◽  
MAH Swapon ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Positive Correlation

The tropical vegetable, brinjal is cultivated throughout the year in Bangladesh but the crop is infested by a number of insects including jassid. This study investigated the effects of different biophysical and biochemical characteristics of twelve brinjal germplasms on the abundance and infestation of jassid. The experiment was conducted during September 2018 to March 2019 in Gazipur, Bangladesh with twelve brinjal germplasms namely BD-7320, BD-7328, BD-9952, BD-10154, BD-10158, BARI Begun-1, BARI Begun-4, BARI Begun-5, BARI Begun- 6, BARI Begun-7, BARI Begun-8 and BARI Begun-9. The incidence of jassid was recorded from 3rd December to 26th March, and the lowest population was found on BARI Begun- 6. Among the biophysical traits, plant height, number of branch and leaf per plant, and leaf area exerted significant positive correlation; whereas trichome on lower and upper surfaces of leaf, spine per stem and leaf showed significant negative correlation with the abundance of jassid. On the other hand, moisture, reducing sugar, total sugar and protein content of the leaves and fruits, chlorophyll content of the leaves exerts significant positive correlation but ash and pH contents of the leaves and fruits were negatively correlated with the abundance of jassid. Jassids showed the lowest level of leaf infestation on BARI Begun-6, which could be for further analysis to develop jassid resistant brinjal. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 81-91 (2021)

EXCRETION OF 4(5)-AMINO-5(4)-IMIDAZOLECARBOXAMIDE AND FORMIMINO-L-GLUTAMIC ACID IN FOLIC ACID AND VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENT RATS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1367-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. McGeer ◽  
N. P. Sen ◽  
D. A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Urocanic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Acid Load ◽  
Deficient Group

The excretion of 4(5)-amino-5(4)-imidazolecarboxamide (AIC) in the urines of normal rats, rats raised on a folic acid deficient diet, and rats raised on a vitamin B12 deficient diet was measured. The AIC excretion was elevated 3-fold above normal in the B12 deficient group and 1.5-fold above normal in the folic acid deficient group.No evidence could be found that the raised AIC excretion was associated with a block in the conversion of AIC to purines. The recovery of radioactive AIC in the urine after an intraperitoneal dose of 2 μmoles AIC per kg was not increased over normal in any of the deficient groups, and was significantly less than normal in the B12-deficient group. Most of the urinary radioactivity in all groups was in allantoin, uric acid, and purines.When a load of 220 μmoles of AIC per kg was administered there was no difference between the vitamin B12 deficient and the normal groups in AIC recovery in the urine. When a load of 220 μmoles of urocanic acid per kg was administered, however, the B12-deficient group had an 18-fold increase over normal in Figlu excretion, and the folic acid deficient group a 17-fold increase. Thus, a substantial block in formimino-L-glutamic acid (Figlu) metabolism, but not in AIC metabolism, existed in the vitamin-deficient groups.Feeding a B12-deficient group a 2% methionine supplement reduced the Figlu excretion after a urocanic acid load to less than half that observed in B12-deficient groups without methionine supplementation, but had no influence on the AIC excretion.

scholarly journals Synthesis of L-2-(N-Pteroylamino )-3-(N -phosphonoacetyl)aminopropanoic Acid as an Analogue of the Putative Phosphorylated Intermediate in the γ-Glutamation of Folic Acid by Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase

Pteridines ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Forsch ◽  
Henry Bader ◽  
Andre Rosowsky
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase ◽  
Phosphonate Esters ◽  
Catalytic Addition

L-2-(N-Pteroyl)amino-3-(N-phosphonoacetyl)aminopropanoic acid was synthesized as an analogue of the putative y-phosphorylated intermediate in the enzyme-catalyzed γ-glutamation of folic acid by folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS). N-(Benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-aspartic acid was converted in four steps to methyl L-2-(N-benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-3-aminopropanoate, and the latter was allowed to react with p-nitrophenyl dimethoxyphosphonoacetate to obtain methyl L-2-(N-benzyloxycarbonylamino)- 3-(N-dimethoxyphosphonoacetyl)aminopropanoate. After catalytic hydrogenation, the resulting amine was coupled to N10-formylpteroic acid via the mixed carboxylic-carbonic anhydride method, and the three ester groups were removed by sequential treatment with Me3SiBr in DMF and NaOH in DMSO. When the last step was performed only with NaOH/DMSO, one of the phosphonate esters remained intact, giving L-2-(N -pteroyl )amino-3 -(N -monOInethoxyphosphonoacetyl )aminopropanoic acid. Also synthesized as a potential FPGS inhibitor was Nα-(4-amino-4-deoxy-N10-methylpteroyl)-Nε-phosphonoacetyl- L-Iysine. The ability of these phosphonoacetyl derivatives to inhibit catalytic addition of L-glutamic acid to folic acid proved to be very low, suggesting that replacement of the CH2C(=O)OP(=O)(OH)2 moiety by NHC(=O)CH2P(=O)(OH)2 may place the terminal phosphonyl group in an unfavorable spatial orientation for binding to the enzyme.

scholarly journals Changes in contents of some chemical compositions and activities of Hydrolytic and Oxidative Enzymes of Coccinia cordifolia l. fruits

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Ayesha Siddika ◽  
Md Ashraduzzaman ◽  
Shahanaz Khatun ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
Farzana Pervin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Chemical Compositions

Context: Coccinia Cordifolia Lin. is an important tropical vegetable and it belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. The fruits of C. cordifolia as a rich source of different nutrients were analyzed. Objective: Studies were conducted to investigate the changes of nutritional compositions and hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes of C. cordifolia fruits at different maturity levels. Materials and Methods: The pH was measured by pH meter. The moisture and ash contents were determined by the method of AOAC. Total and water-soluble proteins were determined by the micro- Kjeldhal method and spectrophotometrically respectively. Lipid contents were determined by Bligh and Dyer. Total sugar and starch content were estimated by Anthrone method. Thiamin and riboflavin were estimated by Anonymous and ?-carotene was estimated by Jensen. Vitamin-C content was determined by the titrimetric method. Calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, cupper and magnesium content were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic method. Phosphorus was determined by colorimetric means. The protease and amylase activity were measured by Kunitz and Jayaraman respectively. Invertase activity was assayed by Mahadevan and Sridhar. Results: The pH was acidic. The moisture content decreased and ash content increased with age. Protein, total sugar, reducing sugar, lipid and vitamin contents increased rapidly while starch content decreased with maturation. Mineral contents increased up to the mature stage and decreased in ripen stage. The activity of amylase and invertase increased up to mature and thereafter decreased. Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity were high in immature stage but decreased in matured stage and thereafter increased in ripen stage while the activity of protease and lipase increased all the maturity stage. Conclusion: In this study, ripen C. cordifolia fruits contained the highest amount of protein, total sugar, reducing sugar, ?-Carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and vitamin C whereas matured and immatured C. cordifolia fruits are rich sources of minerals and starch respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v21i0.22517 J. bio-sci. 21: 35-41, 2013

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