The fluidity and organization of mitochondrial membrane lipids of the brown adipose tissue of cold-adapted rats and hamsters as determined by nitroxide spin probes

1975 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Cannon ◽  
Carl F. Polnaszek ◽  
Keith W. Butler ◽  
L.E.Göran Eriksson ◽  
Ian C.P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Spin Probes ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Nitroxide Spin Probes

The Effects of Thyroxine and Isopropylnoradrenaline on Cytochrome Oxidase Activity in Brown Adipose Tissue

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 751-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. C. Heick ◽  
C. Vachon ◽  
Mary Ann Kallai ◽  
Nicole Bégin-Heick ◽  
J. LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Hormonal Treatments

Groups of animals were treated with injections of isopropylnoradrenaline, thyroxine, or both hormones together. The effects of these hormonal treatments on the size, protein content, and level of some mitochondrial enzymes, in particular the cytochrome oxidase, were determined and compared to the effect on these parameters produced by cold adaptation. The changes observed were correlated with the resistance of the animals to cold stress and with their metabolic response to injections of isopropylnoradrenaline. All treatments increased the size of the brown adipose tissue. Whereas thyroxine had little effect on the protein content and cytochrome oxidase, both isopropylnoradrenaline and cold adaptation produced increases in these parameters. It appears that the isopropylnoradrenaline-treated animals mimic more closely the cold-adapted animals than do those with thyroxine treatment. However, the isopropylnoradrenaline-treated animals are not as resistant to cold as the cold-adapted animals.

Polypeptide turnover in brown adipose tissue mitochondria during acclimation of rats to cold

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Himms-Hagen ◽  
Elizabeth Dittmar ◽  
Gloria Zaror-Behrens
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Proton Conductance ◽  
General Increase ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Selective Increase

During the initial phase of cold-induced growth of brown adipose tissue in rats there is a selective increase in the incorporation of infused [3H]phenylalanine into mitochondrial membrane polypeptides of molecular weight 25 000–35 000. This is interpreted as a selective increase in the synthesis of a 32 000 polypeptide, of which the proportion is known to increase in brown adipose tissue mitochondria when the tissue has a high capacity for thermogenesis, as in the cold-acclimated rat. This polypeptide is known to be associated with the thermogenic proton conductance pathway. A simultaneous selective decrease in degradation or the formation from larger mitochondrial membrane polypeptides may also occur. In fully cold-acclimated rats, in which a new steady state is reached, there is a general increase in turnover of all mitochondrial membrane polypeptides but no marked selective changes in pattern of incorporation of radioactive amino acid or in rates of disappearance of radioactivity from groups of polypeptides. Isolated brown adipose tissue mitochondria incorporate [3H]phenylalanine principally into polypeptides of molecular weight 25 000–35 000. No change in the pattern of incorporation occurred in mitochondria isolated from brown adipose tissue of cold-exposed (2 weeks) rats. On the basis of these and preceding results it is concluded that the cold-induced change in mitochondrial composition in brown adipose tissue, which occurs at the same time as tissue and mitochondrial growth, is brought about by selective changes in cytosolic protein synthesis and possibly also by selectively altered degradation or conversion of mitochondrial polypeptides.

Regulation of Brown Adipose Tissue Function in Cold-Adapted Animals: Lack of ß3-Adrenergic Receptors in Brown Adipose Tissue of Cold-Adapted Guinea Pigs

2019 ◽  
pp. 331-343
Author(s):  
Jean Himms-Hagen ◽  
Nicole Bégin-Heick ◽  
Anna-Lisa Kates ◽  
Joan Triandafillou ◽  
Masoud Ghorbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Brown Adipose

Specific composition of brown adipose tissue mitochondrial membrane. I. ATPase complex

Cryobiology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
P. Svoboda ◽  
J. Houštěk ◽  
J. Kopecký ◽  
Z. Drahota
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Specific Composition ◽  
Brown Adipose

Effect of food restriction on cold adaptability of rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Kuroshima ◽  
Takehiro Yahata
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Nonshivering Thermogenesis ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ad Libitum

To determine the role of the nutritional state in nonshivering thermogenesis during cold adaptation, cold adaptability was compared between cold-adapted (5 °C for 4–5 weeks) rats fed ad libitum and cold-adapted rats pair fed with warm controls having the same food intake. Cold-adapted pair-fed rats suffered a significant loss in body weight during cold exposure. However, brown adipose tissue (BAT) in both cold-adapted ad libitum fed and cold-adapted pair-fed rats was enlarged to the same extent as compared with that in control rats. Fat-free dry matter in BAT also increased in cold-adapted ad libitum fed and cold-adapted pair-fed rats to the same extent. Cold tolerance as assessed by the change in the colonic temperature at −5 °C was improved relative to control rats and was the same for cold-adapted ad libitum fed and cold-adapted pair-fed rats. Nonshivering thermogenesis as estimated by the noradrenaline-induced increase in oxygen consumption was significantly greater in the cold-exposed rats and there was no significant difference between cold-adapted ad libitum fed and cold-adapted pair-fed rats. These results suggest that an improved cold tolerance by means of nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue is closely related to the low temperature itself but not the increased food intake which occurred in the cold.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of brown-adipose-tissue carnitine palmitoyltransferase to inhibition by malonyl-CoA

1982 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. David Saggerson ◽  
Carol A. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Malonyl Coa ◽  
Brown Adipose

Overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase in mitochondria isolated from interscapular brown adipose tissue of cold-adapted rats or rats maintained at normal temperature is extremely sensitive to inhibition by malonyl-CoA.

scholarly journals Evidence that fatty acid synthesis in the interscapular brown adipose tissue of cold-adapted rats is increased in vivo by insulin by mechanisms involving parallel activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase

1977 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
J G McCormack ◽  
R M Denton
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Brown Adipose

Plasma insulin concentrations in cold-adapted rats were altered acutely by administration of glucose or anti-insulin serum. Rates of fatty acid synthesis in interscapular brown adipose tissue were determined from the incorporation of 3H from 3H2O into tissue lipid. Rates of synthesis were greatly elevated after glucose administration and markedly decreased after injection with anti-insulin serum. Parallel changes in the initial activities of both acetyl-CoA carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase were observed under these conditions, but no changes in total activities were evident. The results suggest that this tissue is an important site of fatty acid synthesis in the cold-adapted rat and that this feature of the tissue is sensitive to changes in plasma insulin concentrations.

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