In vivo and in vitro effect of phenytoin on rat hepatic mixed function oxidases

1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-612
Author(s):  
Kanchan Srivastava ◽  
Jayanti P. Barthwal ◽  
Prahlad K. Seth
2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1711-1715
Author(s):  
Stefania Gheorghe ◽  
Gabriela Geanina Vasile ◽  
Cristina Gligor ◽  
Irina Eugenia Lucaciu ◽  
Mihai Nita Lazar

Metallic elements copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn) are some of the most commonly found in water and sediment samples collected from the Danube - Danube Delta. These elements are important as essential micronutrients, being normally present at low concentrations in biological organisms, but in high concentrations they become toxic with immediate and delayed effects. The role of this metals is still controversial, that�s why bioconcentration potential is so important. In this non-clinical study, we tested in vitro effect of heavy metals on carp, Cyprinus carpio, reproducing in vivo presence of Cu, Zn, Ni and Mn in the Romanian�s surface water. The toxicity tests were performed according to OECD 203 by detecting the average (50%) lethal concentration - LC50 on aquatic organisms (freshwater fish) at 96h. The results pointed out that, copper value for LC 50 at 96h was estimated as 3.4 mg/L (concentrations tested in the range of 0.1 - 4.75 mg/L). Zinc value for LC 50 at 96h was estimated as 20.8 mg/L (concentrations tested in the range of 0.028 � 29.6 mg/L). Nickel value for LC 50 at 96h was estimated as 40.1 mg/L (concentrations tested in the range of 0.008 - 84.5 mg/L). For manganese the mortality effects has recorded at LC 50 at 96h at estimated value higher than 53 mg/L (concentrations tested in the range of 0.04 - 53.9 mg/L). The accuracy of the testing metals concentration was insured by the screening of the dilution water, as well as food and control fish, acclimated in laboratory conditions.


2005 ◽  
Vol 1722 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
V TAMHANE ◽  
N CHOUGULE ◽  
A GIRI ◽  
A DIXIT ◽  
M SAINANI ◽  
...  

Development ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-392
Author(s):  
Peddrick Weis

The effect of the nerve growth factor (NGF) on chick embryo spinal ganglia was studied in the hanging-drop bioassay system by comparison with parallel development in vivo. The well-differentiated ventrolateral neuroblasts, which in vivo increase 1·33 times in size during the culture period, did not increase in size at all in vitro. Only 65–72% survived to the end of the culture period regardless of the NGF concentration. The less-differentiated mediodorsal (M-D) neuroblasts, which in vivo increase 1·31 times in size during the culture period, were found to increase equally in vitro if sufficient NGF was present. Such a quantity was greater than that which evoked maximum outgrowth of neurites. Survival of M-D neuroblasts was also related to NGF concentration but did not equal the in vivo condition even at the highest concentration. The hyperchromatic type of degeneration prevented by high NGF concentrations is that which results in vivo from insufficient peripheral field. From this and other reports it would appear that the response to NGF seen in vitro is due only to the M-D neuroblasts, and that all biochemical and cytological observations which have been reported would therefore represent conditions within those cells only.


1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
A. DesMarais ◽  
J. Leblanc

Histochemical examination of adrenal glands of hypophysectomized rats given both ascorbic acid and ACTH showed an enlargement of the cortex and a decrease of sudanophilic substances, as compared to adrenals of hypophysectomized rats receiving ACTH alone. “In vitro” experiments on incubated slices of adrenal glands have shown that ascorbic acid and ACTH have a synergistic effect on the secretory activity of the cells of the adrenal cortex.


2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Huang ◽  
Hui Luo ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Yun’e Yang ◽  
Guangsheng Ou ◽  
...  

The present work aimed to probe into the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00152 on gastric cancer (GC) cells proliferation by regulating miR-193a-3p and its target gene MCL1. Transfected si-LINC00152 was used to down-regulate LINC00152, and cells proliferation was measured by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Besides, we also detected the potential functional effects of differential expression of LINC00152 in vivo using nude mouse xenograft model. We overexpressed and downexpressed miR-193a-3p to study the in vitro effect of miR-193a-3p on GC cells proliferation and vitality. And MCL1 was silenced by shRNA to investigate the effect of MCL1 on proliferation of GC cells. In this research, LINC00152 was proven to have a higher expression level in GC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. GC cells proliferation was inhibited after LINC00152 was down-regulated. LINC00152 inhibited the expression of miR-193a-3p, which negatively regulated MCL1. In addition, GC cells proliferation was inhibited by cell transfection with shRNA-MCL1, and enhanced by transfection with miR-193a-3p mimics. Our study suggested that LINC00152 was overexpressed in GC tissues, and it down-regulated miR-193a-3p to enhance MCL1 expression thereby promoting GC cells proliferation.


Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittoria Borgonetti ◽  
Paolo Governa ◽  
Marco Biagi ◽  
Nicoletta Galeotti

Mood disorders represent one of the most prevalent and costly psychiatric diseases worldwide. The current therapies are generally characterized by several well-known side effects which limit their prolonged use. The use of herbal medicine for the management of several psychiatric conditions is becoming more established, as it is considered a safer support to conventional pharmacotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible anxiolytic and antidepressant activity of a fixed combination of L-theanine, Magnolia officinalis, and Melissa officinalis (TMM) in an attempt to evaluate how the multiple modulations of different physiological systems may contribute to reducing mood disorders. TMM showed an anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like activity in vivo, which was related to a neuroprotective effect in an in vitro model of excitotoxicity. The effect of TMM was not altered by the presence of flumazenil, thus suggesting a non-benzodiazepine-like mechanism of action. On the contrary, a significant reduction in the effect was observed in animals and neuronal cells co-treated with AM251, a cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) antagonist, suggesting that the endocannabinoid system may be involved in the TMM mechanism of action. In conclusion, TMM may represent a useful and safe candidate for the management of mood disorders with an innovative mechanism of action, particularly as an adjuvant to conventional therapies.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document