Serum gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase as indicators of excess chronic alcohol consumption in the rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1615-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard J. Graham ◽  
J.S. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase: Applications in Forensic Pathology: I: Study of Blood Serum Recovered from Human Bodies

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Piette ◽  
G. De Schrijver
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Chronic Alcoholism ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Liver Degeneration ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

In order to appreciate more adequately chronic alcohol use by the deceased in the course of a medico-legal autopsy we studied the usefulness of a determination of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity in cadaver serum. Some preliminary tests were performed to check the post-mortem stability of this enzyme, the influence of post-mortem haemolysis upon enzyme determination, the influence of the sampling site upon the enzyme activity and the suitability of vitreous humour as an alternative body fluid for GGT determination. Secondly, correlations between GGT activity and the degree of fatty liver degeneration and fibrosis (both possibly alcohol-induced tissue lesions) were searched for. Finally, a comparison was made between strictly selected groups of alcoholics and non-alcoholics. We concluded that, keeping in mind the necessary precautions to avoid typical post-mortem fallacies, a GGT determination in cadaver serum provides a useful parameter for detecting chronic alcoholism at the forensic autopsy.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Serum Gamma Glutamyltransferase, 5’ Nucleotidase and Alkaline Phosphatase in Icteric and an-Icteric Biliary Disease Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Maninder Pal Singh Gill
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Biliary Disease ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Hepatobiliary Diseases ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Diagnostic Indicator

Introduction: Diagnostic enzymology plays a useful role in evaluation of various hepatobiliary diseases and numerous enzymes have been compared in different disorders. Among these, significance of Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and 5’ Nucleotidase over Alkaline Phosphatase has been stressed repeatedly, but mainly in the icteric obstructive biliary disease patients. In this study, these three enzymes were compared not only in the icteric but also the an-icteric biliary disease patients, particularly to look for elevation and significance of these enzymes in the latter group.Methods: The study was conducted on 50 biliary disease patients, who were further divided into an-icteric (32 patients) and icteric (18 patients) subgroups depending on their bilirubin levels. 50 subjects matched for age and sex with the study group were enrolled for the control group. Gamma Glutamyl Transferase, 5’Nucleotidase, Alkaline Phosphatase and bilirubin levels were evaluated in all the patients as well as the control subjects. Results: All three enzymes showed a significant rise in the icteric subgroup (p value < 0.001). However, in the an-icteric subgroup, only Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and 5’Nucleotidase showed a significant rise. The rise was more for Gamma Glutamyl Transferse (1.60 times normal, p < 0.001) as compared to 5’Nucleotidase (1.39 times normal, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and 5’Nucleotidase are useful for evaluation of not only obstructive biliary disease patients but also for the patients with biliary disease who are an-icteric, and out of these two, the former is a more valuable diagnostic indicator in such diseases

scholarly journals Studies on the subcellular localization of human neutrophil alkaline phosphatase

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-412
Author(s):  
G.J. Rustin ◽  
P.D. Wilson ◽  
T.J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Density Gradient ◽  
Human Neutrophil ◽  
Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

The intracellular localization of alkaline phosphatase has been determined in human neutrophils with analytical subcellular fractionation by density gradient centrifugation and EM cytochemistry. Centrifugation on sucrose gradients containing 1 mM DETA and 5 units/ml of heparin showed that alkaline phosphatase was associated with a membranous component distinct from plasma membrane, mitochondria, specific granules and azurophil granules. There was no resolution from the endoplasmic reticulum. Density gradient centrifugation on a sucrose-imidazole-heparin gradient showed a clear resolution of the alkaline phosphatase-containing membranes from the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum. Density gradient centrifugation of neutrophils that had been disrupted in the presenceof 0.12 mmol/l. digitonin clearly separated alkaline phosphatase-containing membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum. Part of the gamma-glutamyl transferase has a similar localization to that of alkaline phosphatase. EM cytochemistry of neutrophils, neutrophil homogenates and of the density gradient fractions identified alkaline phosphatase-containing granules as irregular-shaped, often tubular, structures. It is suggested that alkaline phosphatase and part of the gamma-glutamyl transferase activity are localized to a unique organelle in the human neutrophil.

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