Replacement of glucose by sorbitol in growth medium causes selection of astroglial cells from heterogeneous primary cultures derived from newborn mouse brain

We studied how the selection of the growth medium influences the antioxidant properties and synthesis of bioactive compounds (β-carotene, C-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and phycoerythrin) in six selected species of cyanobacteria of Arthrospira genus. For this purpose, cyanobacteria cultures were cultivated on a typical Zarrouk medium and on a cheaper substitute – RM6 medium. Significant differences were observed in the efficiency of synthesis of the studied compounds depending on the strain of cyanobacteria. The quantitative and qualitative composition of Zarrouk medium was more beneficial for β-carotene synthesis in the cells of all strains of cyanobacteria studied. This medium also allowed for the antioxidant potential of the studied strains to be increased. On the other hand, the RM6 medium, deprived of some mineral ingredients, enabled more efficient synthesis of phycobiliproteins in all studied strains except A. platensis SAG 85.79.  

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OKADAIC ACID STIMULATES NERVE GROWTH FACTOR PRODUCTION VIA AN INDUCTION OF INTERLEUKIN-1 IN PRIMARY CULTURES OF CORTICAL ASTROGLIAL CELLS

Neurochemistry International ◽

10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00088-5 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 30 (4-5) ◽

pp. 507-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

SERGEY P PSHENICHKIN ◽

BRADLEY C WISE

Keyword(s):

Nerve Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Okadaic Acid ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Primary Cultures ◽

Astroglial Cells ◽

Nerve Growth ◽

Factor Production ◽

Growth Factor Production

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Analysis of bioactive oxysterols in newborn mouse brain by LC/MS

The Journal of Lipid Research ◽

10.1194/jlr.d028233 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 53 (11) ◽

pp. 2469-2483 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Anna Meljon ◽

Spyridon Theofilopoulos ◽

Cedric H. L. Shackleton ◽

Gordon L. Watson ◽

Norman B. Javitt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mouse Brain ◽

Newborn Mouse

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Honokiol and Magnolol Production by in vitro Micropropagated Plants of Magnolia dealbata, an Endangered Endemic Mexican Species

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000500213 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fabiola Domínguez ◽

Marco Chávez ◽

María Luisa Garduño-Ramírez ◽

Víctor M. Chávez-Avila ◽

Martín Mata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Medium ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Root Induction ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Detection Techniques ◽

Magnolia Dealbata ◽

Selection Of

An efficient protocol for the in vitro propagation of Magnolia dealbata Zucc., an important medicinal plant that is the source of the anxiolytic and anticancer compounds honokiol and magnolol, was established. This plant is wild-crafted, and conservationists have expressed concerns with regard to the sustainability of production. In the present work, two factors were found to be of importance for the regeneration of M. dealbata and the production of honokiol and magnolol. These factors were the type of explants and the combination and concentration of plant-growth regulators. Green, compact, nodular organogenic callus was obtained from leaf explants in a medium fortified with Murashige and Skoog salts and supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid and 1.5 mg/L kinetin. Shoot multiplication from callus cultures was achieved in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 1.5 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ). Phenol secretion was controlled by the addition of 250 mg/L of activated charcoal. For rooting, shoots were transferred to MS medium supplemented with several auxins. After root induction, the plants were hardened in earthen pots containing sand, soil, and vermiculite. The contents of honokiol (HK) and magnolol (MG) were determined in different plant materials by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection techniques. This analysis revealed that the honokiol and magnolol content in aerial and underground parts of micropropagated M. dealbata were higher than that observed in wild plants (both 6 months old). Our results suggest that conservation of M. dealbata is possible by means of in vitro multiplication of leaf-derived callus. The usefulness of M. dealbata regeneration and production of HK and MG may be attributed to the proper selection of explant sourcing and identification of the correct growth medium to support adequate growth. This careful selection of explants and growth medium leads to a very useful source of plant material for pharmacological and phytomedicinal screening applications and, above all, would safeguard this plant species from the threat of extinction.

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Calcium-Dependent Plateau Potentials in Rostral Ambiguus Neurons in the Newborn Mouse Brain Stem In Vitro

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.1997.78.5.2483 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 2483-2492 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Jens C. Rekling ◽

Jack L. Feldman

Keyword(s):

Brain Stem ◽

Mouse Brain ◽

Spike Activity ◽

Nucleus Ambiguus ◽

Newborn Mouse ◽

Plateau Potentials ◽

Calcium Dependent ◽

Current Pulses ◽

Voltage Dependent

Rekling, Jens C. and Jack L. Feldman. Calcium-dependent plateau potentials in rostral ambiguus neurons in the newborn mouse brain stem in vitro. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2483–2492, 1997. The nucleus ambiguus contains vagal and glossopharyngeal motoneurons and preganglionic neurons involved in respiration, swallowing, vocalization, and control of heart beat. Here we show that the rostral compact formation's ambiguus neurons, which control the esophageal phase of swallowing, display calcium-dependent plateau potentials in response to tetanic orthodromic stimulation or current injection. Whole cell recordings were made from visualized neurons in the rostral nucleus ambiguus using a slice preparation from the newborn mouse. Biocytin-labeling revealed dendritic trees with pronounced rostrocaudal orientations confined to the nucleus ambiguus, a morphological profile matching that of vagal motoneurons projecting to the esophagus. Single-stimulus orthodromic activation, using an electrode placed in the dorsomedial slice near the nucleus tractus solitarius, evoked single excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) or short trains of EPSPs (500 ms to 1 s). However, tetanic stimulation (5 pulses, 10 Hz) induced voltage-dependent afterdepolarizations or long-lasting plateau potentials (>1 min) with a constant firing pattern. Depolarizing or hyperpolarizing current pulses elicited voltage-dependent afterdepolarizations or plateau potentials lasting a few seconds to several minutes. Constant spike activity accompanied the long-lasting plateau potentials, which ended spontaneously or could be terminated by weak hyperpolarizing current pulses. Current-induced afterdepolarizations and plateau potentials were dependent on extracellularand intracellular Ca2+, as they were blocked completely by extracellular Co2+, Cd2+, or intracellular bis-( o-aminophenoxy)- N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA). Orthodromically induced afterdepolarizations and plateau potentials were blocked by intracellular BAPTA. Afterdepolarizations and plateau potentials were completely blocked by substitution of extracellular Na+ with choline. Afterdepolarizations persisted in tetrodotoxin. We conclude that rostral ambiguus neurons have a Ca2+-activated inward current carried by Na+. Synaptic activation of this conductance may generate prolonged spike activity in these neurons during the esophageal phase of swallowing.

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