Chronic administration of l-sulpiride at low doses reduces A10 but not A9 somatodentritic dopamine autoreceptor sensitivity

1996 ◽  
Vol 312 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Diana ◽  
Anna Lisa Muntoni ◽  
Marco Pistis ◽  
Maria Collu ◽  
Angelo Forgione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Dopamine Autoreceptor

scholarly journals Behavioural multigenerational effects induced by the administration of very low doses of zinc during pregnancy, lactation, and prepuberal period in the rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Silvia G. Ratti ◽  
Osvaldo J. Sacchi ◽  
Edgardo O. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Social Activity ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Intergenerational Effect ◽  
Multigenerational Effects

In studies from this laboratory, the chronic administration of ZnTe during pregnancy, lactation, and prepuberal stages of litter (F1 generation) modified the behavioral patterns of motivated exploration, lateralized exploration, social activity, and survival responses of maturing rats. To determine whether these affected behaviors would extend to the next generation, F1 litter rats previously exposed to tellurium (Te) up to 30-day-old were left at rest with no further treatment up to 90-day-old. Then, F1 female rats were mated with normal untreated male rats, and in the next generation (F2), the litter rats at 30-day-old preserved the modified behaviors previously observed in their parents. The study revealed that Te effects were intergenerational. Here, considering that ZnTe was used in the previous study and that Zn ion has many physiological functions in the cell, experiments were conducted to elucidate if Zn would have an intergenerational effect similar to Te. Working with the same experimental setup as in the previous study but using ZnCl2 instead of ZnTe, results revealed that none of the behavioral responses studied were affected by the F1 generation. However, in the F2 generation, lateralized exploration and survival behavior were inhibited, suggesting that Zn also has an intergenerational effect.

scholarly journals The Effect of Low-Doses of Caffeine and Taurine on Convulsive Seizure Parameters in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jailani ◽  
Mohamed Mubarak ◽  
Mariam Sarkhouh ◽  
Ahmed Al Mahrezi ◽  
Habib Abdulnabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seizure Threshold ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Chronic Caffeine

Introduction: Caffeine, an adenosine-receptor blocker, is believed to have neuronal excitatory effects, while Taurine, a mammalian amino acid, was shown to have neuroinhibitory effects. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute and chronic administration of low doses of Caffeine and Taurine on the seizure threshold in rats. Methods: Six-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats (n = 280) were divided randomly into five groups (control, acute caffeine intake, acute taurine intake, chronic caffeine intake and chronic taurine intake), with five subgroups per group according to five different doses of Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injections. Each subgroup consisted of eight rats. Data was entered and analyzed using Microsoft EXCEL and AddinsoftTM XLSTAT (Version 2012.6.06; New York, NY, USA). p-value = 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: There was a significant decrease in the latency of PTZ-induced seizures with both acute (p-value < 0.05) and chronic (p-value < 0.01) Caffeine treatment groups. Chronic exposure to Caffeine exhibited an increase in the probability of seizures (p-value < 0.05). However, acute exposure to Caffeine did not show a significant impact on the probability of seizures. Neither acute nor chronic exposures to Taurine had an effect on the probability of seizures, nor on the latency of PTZ-induced seizures. Discussion: Our study found that acute as well as chronic exposure to low doses of Caffeine (50 and 80 mg/kg) reduces the threshold, and hence increases the likelihood for seizures since it favors a state of neuronal hyper excitability through blocking of all adenosine receptors. On the other hand, acute or chronic exposure to Taurine did not show a significant effect on the PTZ-induced seizures parameters.

Chronic administration of low doses of adrenocorticotropin to hypophysectomized fetal sheep leads to normal term labor.

Endocrinology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 1389-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Jacobs ◽  
I R Young ◽  
S A Hollingworth ◽  
G D Thorburn
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Normal Term ◽  
Term Labor

Selective Decrease in Serotonin Synthesis Rate in Rat Brainstem Raphe Nuclei Following Chronic Administration of Low Doses of Amitriptyline: an Effect Compatible with an Anti-Migraine Effect

Cephalalgia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Pringsheim ◽  
M Diksic ◽  
C Dobson ◽  
K Nguyen ◽  
E Hamel
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Raphe Nuclei ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Serotonin Synthesis ◽  
Uptake Inhibition ◽  
Plasma Tryptophan ◽  
Pain Pathways ◽  
Rat Brainstem ◽  
Raphé Nuclei

The effects of chronic, low-dose amitriptyline on serotonin (5-HT) synthesis rate were measured in rat brain using autoradiography and the trapping of α-[14C]-methyl-L-tryptophan (α-[14C]-MTrp). Rats received amitriptyline (2 mg/kg per day) or saline via intraperitoneal osmotic minipumps for 21 days. Amitriptyline had no effect on any physiological parameters measured, or on free or total plasma tryptophan levels. However, amitriptyline exerted selective decreases of 15% and 17% ( P < 0.001) in serotonin synthesis rates in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei, respectively. There was no reduction in any of the projection areas studied, including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus or striatum. The data suggest that chronic low doses of amitriptyline can lead to sustained 5-HT re-uptake inhibition selectively in the raphe nuclei, an effect compatible with tonic activation of 5-HT1A autoreceptors and inhibition of 5-HT synthesis. The failure of chronic amitriptyline treatment to affect 5-HT synthesis rate in the projection areas may ensure an adequate regulation of pain pathways implicated in migraine headache, an effect possibly related to amitriptyline anti-migraine efficacy.

The Response of Testes Cells to Low Level, Single dose Helium Particle Irradiation

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
D.E. Philpott ◽  
W. Sapp ◽  
C. Williams ◽  
J. Stevenson ◽  
S. Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Spermatogonial Stem Cell ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Particle Irradiation ◽  
Stem Cell Survival ◽  
Irradiation Injury ◽  
Radio Sensitivity

Spermatogonial stem-cell survival after irradiation injury has been studied in rodents by histological counts of surviving cells. Many studies, including previous work from our laboratory, show that the spermatogonial population demonstrates a heterogeneous response to irradiation. The spermatogonia increase in radio-sensitivity as differentiation proceeds through the sequence As - Apr - A1 - A2 - A3 - A4 - In - B. The stem (As) cell is the most resistant and the B cell is the most sensitive. The purpose of this work is to investigate the response of spermatogonial cell to low doses (less than 10 0 rads) of helium particle irradiation.

Potentiation of bromotrichloromethane hepatotoxicity in male rats exposed to 10 ppm dietary chlordecone: Electron Microscopic and biochemical study

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
O. M. Faroon ◽  
R. W. Henry ◽  
M. G. Soni ◽  
H. M. Mehendale
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cellular Injury ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Potent Inducer ◽  
Cellular Energy

Previous work has shown that mirex undergoes photolytic dechlorination to chlordecone (CD) (KeponeR) in the environment. Much work has shown that prior exposure to nontoxic levels of CD causes potentiation of hepatotoxicity and lethality of CCl4, BrCCl3 and other halomethane compounds. Potentiation of bromotrichloromethane hepatotoxicity has been associated with compounds that stimulate the activity of hepatic mixed-function oxidase (MFO). An increase in the metabolism of halomethane by the MFO to a free radical initiates peroxidative decomposition of membranal lipids ending in massive cellular injury. However, not all MFO inducers potentiate BrCCl3 hepatotoxicity. Potentiation by much larger doses of phenobarbital is minimal and th at by a more potent inducer of MFO, mirex, is negligible at low doses. We suggest that the CD and bromotrichloromethane interaction results in a depletion of cellular energy and thereby reducing the cellular ability to undergo mitosis.

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