Potential contraceptive use of epididymal proteins: evidence for the participation of specific antibodies against rat epididymal protein DE in male and female fertility inhibition

Abstract Growth and reproductive traits were assessed in seed stands of two native Indian tree species Tamarindus indica and Azadirachta indica. Positive correlation between growth (height and GBH) and reproductive traits (male and female contribution) were found in both species. Fertility was estimated from the flower and fruit production of individuals. Based on the fertility variation among individuals, parental balance, femaleness index and status number (Ns) were determined. The option of equal seed collection among individuals was also considered for estimating Ns. The percentage of fertile trees was higher in the high flowering year in both species. The best male contributing individuals also showed high female contribution (fruit production). The parental contribution in seed stands showed high deviation from expectation; 20% individuals contributed about 70% of male and female gametes in both species. Femaleness index showed that female and male contribution of individual tree was more balanced in the good flowering year, compared to the poor year. Coefficient of variation in male and female fertility was higher in the low flowering year resulting in high fertility variation among individuals and low status number. In T. indica, the female contribution was less variable compared to that of male fertility whereas in A. indica the female fertility variation was higher than that of male fertility. The relative status number (Nr = Ns/N) of the stands was lower for male and female fertility compared to the combined (male and female) fertility of individual trees.

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The Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) on Male and Female Fertility

Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-30112-9_1 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1-30

Author(s):

Elisabeth van Leeuwen

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Female Fertility ◽

Male And Female ◽

B Virus ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

The Impact

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Religion, Religiosity and Male and Female Fertility

Male Fertility Patterns and Determinants - The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis ◽

10.1007/978-90-481-8939-7_7 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 117-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li Zhang

Keyword(s):

Female Fertility ◽

Male And Female

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Cultural Inheritance and Male and Female Fertility

Male Fertility Patterns and Determinants - The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis ◽

10.1007/978-90-481-8939-7_9 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 177-192

Author(s):

Li Zhang

Keyword(s):

Female Fertility ◽

Cultural Inheritance ◽

Male And Female

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Bovine brucellosis in slaughterhouses controlled by Federal and Municipal Inspection Services in the state of Maranhão, Brazil

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico ◽

10.1590/1808-1657000832017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Karoline Amaral Sousa ◽

Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Guimarães ◽

Priscila Alencar Beserra ◽

Danilo Cutrim Bezerra ◽

Ferdinan de Almeida Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Brucella Abortus ◽

Bovine Brucellosis ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Male And Female ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Laboratory Results ◽

Inspection Service ◽

Serum Agglutination ◽

Do So

ABSTRACT: The aims of the current study were to investigate the prevalence of bovine brucellosis, to correlate laboratory results of serum reactive samples to the serology of animals presenting serous pouches, and to identify possible risk factors for the development of the disease. In order to do so, 1,265 bovine blood samples were collected from male and female animals bred in different counties in Maranhão state, Brazil, and in other regions of the country. The animals were slaughtered in two slaughterhouses controlled by the Federal Inspection Service (FIS), and in two others controlled by the Municipal Inspection Service (MIS), of regions such as Açailândia and Imperatriz. Samples were tested for specific antibodies by using buffered acidified antigen (BAA) and 2-mercaptoethanol in combination with slow serum agglutination (2-ME + SSA). Additionally, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied to 100 owners, who provided animals to the slaughterhouses, to enable investigating the risk factors for bovine brucellosis. Fifteen serous pouches of animals presenting this lesion were also collected at slaughter time. Thirty-nine out of the analyzed samples were reacted to BAA, whereas 15 reacted to the 2-ME + SSA test; only one male was reagent and it resulted in 1.19% prevalence. One out of the 15 collected serous pouches reacted to the 2-ME + SSA test. The risk factors identified in this study were: the incidence of miscarriages, the sale of animals without previous examination, and the failure in testing the animals before introducing them in herds and before slaughter. It was possible to conclude that the animals slaughtered in the herein evaluated slaughterhouses were infected with Brucella abortus, as well as that this infection prevailed in females.

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A gendered study of young adult contraceptive use at one university in KwaZulu-N atal

Curationis ◽

10.4102/curationis.v29i3.1088 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

OA Oyedeji ◽

R Cassimjee

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Female Students ◽

Gender Stratification ◽

Male And Female ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Face To Face ◽

Contraceptive Pills ◽

Kwazulu Natal ◽

Descriptive Survey

This study explores contraceptive use among young adult male and female students (aged 18-25) who visit the campus clinic at a university in KwaZulu-Natal. Both a descriptive survey and face to face interviews were used for data collection. In this study, it is affirmed that gender stratification, societal attitudes, and misconceptions about contraceptive use play an important role in the attitudes of young adults, male and female towards contraception and its use. Evidence of this is the high use of condoms amongst both male and female students’ compared with other available methods. Among female students this was highly attributed to personal convenience and comfort with condom use as an unmarried young woman. It was clear from the data collected that respondents themselves attached some stigma to being associated with the use of contraceptive pills or having to visit the clinic regularly for injections as young unmarried women. Male respondents affirmed the use of the condom, although this was hardly with the view of taking reproductive/contraceptive responsibility, but rather, it was attributed to the function of the condom as a safe sex method that offered protection against sexually transmitted diseases and infections. Also evident from the study was the fact that male respondents felt more comfortable with their sexual functioning than the female respondents. This was easily attributed to the role of societal gender stratification in an individual’s life.

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Is the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch Effect More Robust in Women?

Perception ◽

10.1177/0301006620929970 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 636-657

Author(s):

Brian K. Foutch ◽

Carl J. Bassi

Keyword(s):

Contraceptive Use ◽

Color Purity ◽

Gender Dimorphism ◽

Male And Female ◽

Previous Evidence ◽

Female Advantage ◽

Low Luminance ◽

Heterochromatic Flicker Photometry ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Female Subjects

For gray or achromatic objects, brightness is a relatively simple transformation where very low luminance levels are perceived as black and higher levels are perceived as white. For chromatic objects, the transformation is more complex, depending on color purity as well. This influence of color purity on a color’s perceived brightness is a well-established phenomenon known as the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch (H-K) effect. We investigated gender differences in the H-K effect by measuring brightness (via direct brightness matching [DBM]) and luminance (via heterochromatic flicker photometry [HFP]) at five wavelengths (450, 520, 560, 580, and 650 nm) perceived as blue, green, green-yellow, yellow, and red hues. We compared DBM/HFP ratios between 13 males and 18 females. Based on previous evidence of a female advantage in chromatic processes, we hypothesized that DBM/HFP ratios would be higher in female subjects. While HFP measures were essentially the same between male and female subjects, DBM measures and DBM/HFP ratios were significantly higher for female subjects than males. There were no significant effects of contraceptive use based on a post hoc comparison. We also derived simple models of brightness as a function of luminance and saturation, which further suggest gender dimorphism in the H-K effect.

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