Effect of wood ash application on soil pH and soil test nutrient levels

Soil pH is consistently recorded as the single most important variable explaining bacterial richness and community composition locally as globally. Bacterial richness responds to soil pH in a bell-shaped pattern, highest in soils with near-neutral pH, while lower diversity is found in soil with pH >8 and <4.5. Also, community turnover is strongly determined by pH for bacteria. In contrast, pH effects on fungi is apparently less pronounced though also much less studied compared to bacteria. Still, pH appears to be a significant determinant for fungal communities but typically not the most important. Rarely are bacterial and fungal communities co-analyzed from the same field samples taken across pH gradients. Here we analyze the community responses of fungi and bacteria in parallel over an extreme pH gradient ranging from pH 4 to 8 established by applying strongly alkaline wood ash to replicated plots in a Picea abies plantation. Bacterial and fungal community composition were assessed by amplicon-based meta-barcoding. Bacterial richness were not significantly affected by pH, while fungal richness and a-diversity were stimulated with higher pH. We found that both, bacterial and fungal communities increasingly deviated from the untreated plots with increasing amount of wood ash though fungal communities were more resistant to changes than bacterial. Soil NH4, NO3 and pH significantly correlated with the NMDS pattern for both bacterial and fungal communities. In the presentation we will discuss resistance versus sensitivity of different fungal functional guilds towards higher pH as well as the underlying factors explaining the community changes.

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Soil Fertility Assessment of Sainamaina Municipality, Rupandehi, Nepal

The Geographic Base ◽

10.3126/tgb.v7i0.34268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 43-53

Author(s):

Bishal Gnyawali ◽

Umesh Kumar Mandal ◽

Ishwor Aryal

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Management Practices ◽

Soil Test ◽

Fertility Management ◽

Fertility Index ◽

Fertility Status ◽

Sample Data ◽

The Status ◽

Soil Fertility Status

Soil fertility assessment is a very fundamental task for farmers and agricultural planners to adopt appropriate fertility management practices, to recommend applying lacking fertilizers, to make fertility-based agricultural plans,s and to produce a large number of crops in their land. This study assesses the soil fertility status of Sainamaina Municipality, ward no. 5-9, Rupandehi district based on soil sample data collected from the field. Soil test based fertility assessment, calculation of overall fertility of area using fertility index, and preparation of soil fertility map is carried out. As soil fertility, the status of total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus (P2 O5), potassium (K), organic matter (OM), and soil pH are measured. As a result, the status of TN, (K2 O), and OM is found low, the status of (P2 O5 ) is found high and soil pH is found in range of very strongly acidic to slightly alkaline.

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A Descriptive Model of Soil Test Nutrient Levels Following Fertilization

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.2136/sssaj1981.03615995004500030018x ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 529-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

F. R. Cox ◽

E. J. Kamprath ◽

R. E. McCollum

Keyword(s):

Soil Test ◽

Descriptive Model ◽

Nutrient Levels

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Influence of wood ash recycling on chemical and biological condition of forest Arenosols

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/10164-jfs ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 52 (Special Issue) ◽

pp. S79-S86 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R. Ozolincius ◽

K. Armolaitis ◽

A. Raguotis ◽

I. Varnagiryte ◽

J. Zenkovaite

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Forest Management ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Forest Floor ◽

Sustainable Forest Management ◽

Wood Ash ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Biological Condition ◽

Set Up ◽

And Control

The investigations were conducted in the frame of EU Research project Wood for Energy – a Contribution to the Development of Sustainable Forest Management (2001–2005). The integrated wood ash experiment was set up in a 38-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand on Arenosols in SW part of Lithuania. Raw (not hardened) wood ash and nitrogen fertilizers were applied in 6 variants: 1.25 t ash/ha; 2.5 t ash/ha; 5.0 t ash/ha; 180 kg N/ha; 2.5 t ash + 180 kg N/ha and control (no treatment). The changes of soil pH, the content of some nutrients, heavy metals in Arenosols and soil solution, the abundance of ammonifiers, nitrifiers and denitrifiers in forest floor and mineral topsoil after the application of wood ash are presented and discussed in this paper.

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Wheat grain-yield response to lime application: relationships with soil pH and aluminium in Western Australia

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp19033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 295 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Geoffrey Anderson ◽

Richard Bell

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Relative Yield ◽

Yield Response ◽

Soil Test ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Soil Layers ◽

Lime Application ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Relationship

Soil acidity, or more specifically aluminium (Al) toxicity, is a major soil limitation to growing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the south of Western Australia (SWA). Application of calcium carbonate (lime) is used to correct Al toxicity by increasing soil pH and decreasing soluble soil Al3+. Soil testing using a 0.01 m calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution can measure both soil pH (pHCaCl2) and soil Al (AlCaCl2) for recommending rates of lime application. This study aimed to determine which combination of soil pHCaCl2 or soil AlCaCl2 and sampling depth best explains the wheat grain-yield increase (response) when lime is applied. A database of 31 historical lime experiments was compiled with wheat as the indicator crop. Wheat response to lime application was presented as relative yield percentage (grain yield for the no-lime treatment divided by the highest grain yield achieved for lime treatments × 100). Soil sampling depths were 0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm and various combinations of these depths. For evidence that lime application had altered soil pHCaCl2, we selected the change in the lowest pHCaCl2 value of the three soil layers to a depth of 30 cm as a result of the highest lime application (ΔpHmin). When ΔpHmin <0.3, the lack of grain-yield response to lime suggested that insufficient lime had leached into the 10–30 cm soil layer to remove the soil Al limitation for these observations. Also, under high fallow-season rainfall (228 and 320 mm) and low growing-season rainfall (GSR) (<140 mm), relative yield was lower for the measured level of soil AlCaCl2 than in the other observations. Hence, after excluding observations with ΔpHmin <0.3 or GSR <140 mm (n = 19), soil AlCaCl2 provided a better definition of the relationship between soil test and wheat response (r2 range 0.48–0.74) than did soil pHCaCl2 (highest r2 0.38). The critical value (defined at relative yield = 90%) ranged from 2.5 mg Al kg–1 (for soil Al calculated according to root distribution by depth within the 0–30 cm layer) to 4.5 mg Al kg–1 (calculated from the highest AlCaCl2 value from the three soil layers to 30 cm depth). We conclude that 0.01 m CaCl2 extractable Al in the 0–30 cm layer will give the more accurate definition of the relationship between soil test and wheat response in SWA.

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Soil Test Phosphorus Recovery from Livestock Manures Compared with Inorganic Fertilizer in Soil Incubations

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2010/425613 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

J. Craig Miller ◽

T. Astatkie ◽

Ali Madani

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Phosphorus Recovery ◽

Soil Test ◽

Repeated Measures Analysis ◽

Soil Test P ◽

P Recovery ◽

Soil Test Phosphorus ◽

The Relationship ◽

Fertilizer Equivalence

This paper compared dairy and hen manure P recovery relative to fertilizer P recovery for two Nova Scotia soils with different antecedent soil test P (STP), incubated for 5, 15, 30, 60, and 110 days. Fertilizer equivalence of manure P was expressed as P recovery ratio in percentage points (%PRR). Repeated measures analysis with soil pH covariate revealed: (1) manure %PRR averaged 72% (low-STP soil) and 80% (medium-STP soil), (2) there were no significant differences in %PRR between dairy and hen manure, and (3) manure %PRR decreased with incubation time for the low-STP soil but not for the medium-STP soil. The soil pH covariate was significant for both low- and medium-STP soils, and the relationship with %PRR was positive for low- but not for the medium-STP soil.

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Surface application of cement kiln dust and lime to forages: Effect on soil pH

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s03-087 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 317-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. V. Rodd ◽

J. A. MacLeod ◽

P. R. Warman ◽

K. B. McRae

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Relative Effectiveness ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Cement Kiln Dust ◽

Cement Kiln ◽

Soil Test ◽

Surface Application ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Four Blocks ◽

Kiln Dust

This 2-yr field trial on forage plots compared the relative effectiveness of surface applications of cement kiln dust (CKD) to lime for raising soil pH. Seven soil treatments, in four blocks, were established at four low pH sites, which were: (1) a check plot; (2) lime at the recommended application (L), based on soil test for each site; (3) lime at 1.5 × L; (4) CKD at L; (5 ) CKD at 1.5 ( L; (6) CKD at an equivalent to lime basis; and (7) CKD applied at 1.5 times the equivalent to lime basis, where equivalence was based on CKD’s apparent neutralizing value equal to 75% that of lime. Soil pH was determined before applications and was monitored afterwards for two growing seasons. Two months after surface application, the CKD increased soil pH more than lime, despite its apparent neutralizing value being only 75% that of lime. Effects were greater closer to the soil surface and trends persisted through the following year. The CKD appears to be a quick-acting lime substitute due to its fineness (more than 99% passed through 100-mesh compared with 58% of lime). Key words: Forage, lime, cement kiln dust, pH

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