Liberation of serotonin in rabbit platelets by various bacterial cell walls, a water-soluble cell wall fragment and synthetic 6-o-mycoloyl n-acetylmuramyl tetrapeptide

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kotani ◽  
K. Harada ◽  
T. Kitaura ◽  
T. Shiba ◽  
S. Kusumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Cell ◽  
Rabbit Platelets ◽  
Cell Wall Fragment ◽  
Bacterial Cell Walls

The outer layer of the cell envelope of Halobacterium halobium

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn L. Marshall ◽  
A. J. Wicken ◽  
A. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Halobacterium Halobium ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Bacterial Cell Walls

The outer layer of the cell envelope of Halobacterium halobium was isolated after suspending the envelope in either 1 M NaCl or 0.02 M MgCl2. Chemical analysis of the isolated, solubilized outer layer showed it to consist of protein or glycoprotein with about 3% RNA. No free or bound lipid was detected. No cytochromes were present in the outer layer. Components commonly associated with bacterial cell walls were absent.Chemical composition together with the marked instability of the outer layer in a slight ion deficit are not consistent with a function of this layer as a "cell wall" of the organism.

scholarly journals Sham, Sam, And Bacterial Communication

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Lee van Hook
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Piezoelectric Crystal ◽  
Acoustic Microscope ◽  
Bacterial Communication ◽  
Bacterial Cell Walls ◽  
Scanning Acoustic Microscope

A scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) - a nanomicrophone using a piezoelectric crystal, may be used to examine bacterial colonies, not just materials specimens to detect phonons and listen to propagating microfractures.Since bacterial cell walls are rigid structures, they undergo mechanical distortions when channels open and dose. This causes them to squeak and pop, each channel having its own sound. Channels and receptor molecules are all of different sizes and shapes, and therefore deform the cell wall in unique ways. This means that each channel makes a unique (if faint) sound when it passes a molecule through itself and this activity can be delected, Transport rates of uptake and excretion for the various compounds car then be calculated trom the intensity of the sounds.

scholarly journals Bacterial Cell Wall-Induced Arthritis: Chemical Composition and Tissue Distribution of Four Lactobacillus Strains

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 3535-3540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egle Šimelyte ◽  
Marja Rimpiläinen ◽  
Leena Lehtonen ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Paavo Toivanen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Peptidoglycan Structure ◽  
Bacterial Cell Walls ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes

ABSTRACT To study what determines the arthritogenicity of bacterial cell walls, cell wall-induced arthritis in the rat was applied, using four strains of Lactobacillus. Three of the strains used proved to induce chronic arthritis in the rat; all were Lactobacillus casei. The cell wall of Lactobacillus fermentum did not induce chronic arthritis. All arthritogenic bacterial cell walls had the same peptidoglycan structure, whereas that of L. fermentum was different. Likewise, all arthritogenic cell walls were resistant to lysozyme degradation, whereas the L. fermentum cell wall was lysozyme sensitive. Muramic acid was observed in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes in considerably larger amounts after injection of an arthritogenicL. casei cell wall than following injection of a nonarthritogenic L. fermentum cell wall. The L. casei cell wall also persisted in the tissues longer than theL. fermentum cell wall. The present results, taken together with those published previously, underline the possibility that the chemical structure of peptidoglycan is important in determining the arthritogenicity of the bacterial cell wall.

scholarly journals Species-Specific Cell Wall Binding Affinity of the S-Layer Proteins of Mosquitocidal Bacterium Bacillus sphaericus C3-41

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 3891-3895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Li ◽  
Xiaomin Hu ◽  
Jianpin Yan ◽  
Zhiming Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Distinct Type ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Bacterial Cell Walls ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT The binding affinities and specificities of six truncated S-layer homology domain (SLH) polypeptides of mosquitocidal Bacillus sphaericus strain C3-41 with the purified cell wall sacculi have been assayed. The results indicated that the SLH polypeptide comprised of amino acids 31 to 210 was responsible for anchoring the S-layer subunits to the rigid cell wall layer via a distinct type of secondary cell wall polymer and that a motif of the recombinant SLH polypeptide comprising amino acids 152 to 210 (rSLH152-210) was essential for the stable binding of the S-layer with the bacterial cell walls. The quantitative assays revealed that the KD (equilibrium dissociation constant) values of rSLH152-210 and rSLH31-210 with purified cell wall sacculi were 1.11 × 10−6 M and 1.40 × 10−6 M, respectively. The qualitative assays demonstrated that the SLH domain of strain C3-41 could bind only to the cell walls or the cells treated with 5 M guanidinium hydrochloride of both toxic and nontoxic B. sphaericus strains but not to those from other bacteria, indicating the species-specific binding of the SLH polypeptide of B. sphaericus with bacterial cell walls.

Cell wall polysaccharides F1SS disclose the relatedness of the genus Geosmithia with Eupenicillium and Talaromyces

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Prieto ◽  
Oussama Ahrazem ◽  
Begoña Gómez-Miranda ◽  
Manuel Bernabé ◽  
J Antonio Leal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Soluble Cell ◽  
Talaromyces Flavus ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Markers

Cell wall polysaccharides have been used as chemotaxonomic markers in a number of fungal genera. In this study, alkali-extractable and water-soluble cell wall polysaccharides F1SS were purified from cell walls of species of the genus Geosmithia. Chemical and 1H-NMR analyses of these polysaccharides revealed three different structures: (i) the polysaccharide from Geosmithia namylowskii was composed of β-(1[Formula: see text]5)-galactofuranose chains attached to an α-(1[Formula: see text]2)-(1[Formula: see text]6)-mannan core identical to that isolated in several species of Eupenicillium, (ii) the polysaccharide from Geosmithia viridis was a glucomannogalactan similar to that obtained in Talaromyces flavus, and (iii) the polysaccharide from Geosmithia putterillii contained β-(1[Formula: see text]5)-(1[Formula: see text]6)-galactofuranose with some units of the β-(1[Formula: see text]5) residues substituted at position O-6 by single residues of galactofuranose; this galactan was attached to an α-(1[Formula: see text]2)-(1[Formula: see text]6)-mannan core. The taxonomy of the genus is discussed according to the polysaccharides F1SS, and our results are compared with the results of rDNA analyses in this genus.Key words: Eurotiales, Geosmithia, Eupenicillium, Talaromyces, cell wall polysaccharides, chemotaxonomy.

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