Colonization and control of Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) by coccinellid predators in some resistant and susceptible cowpea varieties in Nigeria

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas I. Ofuya
Keyword(s):  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Extracts of native forest species of the southern amazon in the control of Aphis craccivora koch (Hemiptera: aphididae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37018
Author(s):  
Laura Araujo Sanches ◽  
Simone de Bitencourt Oliveira ◽  
Mariane Kaori Sasaya ◽  
Juliana Garlet
Keyword(s):  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
And Control

The objective of this study was to evaluate the mortality of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) submitted to different extracts with different concentrations of leaves of the native forest species: Tetragastris altissima (Aubl.) Swart (Burseraceae), Metrodorea flavida K. Krause (Rutaceae) and Cheiloclinium cognatum (Miers) AC Sm (Celastraceae) under laboratory conditions. Adults of Aphis craccivora were collected in Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunthe Walp. (Fabaceae), and separated into groups of ten individuals, transferred to Petri dishes and exposed to topical application of aqueous, alcoholic and leaf infusion extracts of Cheiloclinium cognatum, Metrodorea flavida and Tetragastris altissima. The extracts were applied at concentrations of: 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15%, with 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), using a control treatment 1 (distilled water + DMSO 1%) and control treatment 2 (fipronil). Evaluations were performed at 24, 48 and 72 hours after the application of the extracts by counting the dead insects. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replicates, three types of extracts and five concentrations with controls. In all the studied species, the aqueous and infusion extracts presented a lower mortality (less than 52%), whereas the alcoholic extract in higher concentrations of Cheiloclinium cognatum, Metrodorea flavida showed a mortality of up to 100%. The species Tetragastris altissima reached an average mortality of 92%. The lethal concentration for the alcoholic extract of Cheiloclinium cognatum was LC50 6.43% and LC90 12.22%, Metrodorea flavida LC50 was 3.08% and LC90 7.05% and that for Tetragastris altissima LC50 5.58% and LC90 17.47%, after 72 hours. The use of the alcoholic extract of the species Metrodorea flavida at a concentration of 9% in the control of Aphis craccivora is indicated.

scholarly journals Silicon as resistance inducer in to control black aphid Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 in Phaseolus lunatus lima beans

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilson Lages Fortes Portela ◽  
Paulo Roberto Ramalho Silva ◽  
José Edmir Girão Filho ◽  
Luiz Evaldo de Moura Pádua ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Melo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Lima Beans ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT In Brazil, there are few records of insects associated with the cultivation of lima beans; among them, there is the black aphid Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of silicon application on the resistance induction of lima bean plants, Phaseolus lunatus, to the black aphid A. craccivora. The experiment was conducted in the Entomology Laboratory of the Phytosanitary Sector of Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Brazil. The effects of the following treatments on biological aspects of the insect were evaluated: silicon applied to soil; silicon applied to soil + leaf; silicon applied to leaf; and control, without silicon application. The following biological variables were evaluated: generation period, reproductive period, and the fertility and daily average of produced nymphs per female. Plant silicon and lignin content were also evaluated. A 1% solution of silicic acid (2.0 g of product diluted in 200 mL of water) was applied around the plant stem (on soil), 15 days after emergence. Leaf application was performed with a 1-L spray, 5 days after the soil application. The non-preference of A. craccivora on lima beans was also evaluated. The evaluations were performed after 48 and 72 hours of infestation by counting nymphs and adults at each leaf section. Silicon application reduces nymph production, thereby interfering in the biological aspects of A. craccivora. Therefore, it can be used in cowpea pest management programs.

scholarly journals Bioefficacy of different insecticides on cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Dhakal ◽  
Reeta Ghimire ◽  
Madan Sapkota ◽  
Samita Thapa ◽  
Atal K. Bhatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cannabis Extract ◽  
And Control

Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) is one of the serious pests of cowpea. Bioefficacy of four insecticides with different concentrations namely Jholmol (125 ml/L), Neemix (2 ml/L), Cannabis extract (100 g/L), Chlorpyrifos 50% EC and Cypermethrin 5% EC (2 ml/L) along with control were evaluated against aphid at Research Station of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal in 2018. Five treatments; four different insecticides and control were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The results indicated that all the insecticides were significant for aphid reduction. The effects were higher in Neemix followed by Jholmol and cannabis extract. The yield of cowpea was significantly highest (11.10 t/ha) with Neemix application, while lowest in control (7.58 t/ha). The highest net profit (NRs.61670) was obtained in Neemix followed by treatments of Jholmol (NRs.46175) and Cannabis extract (NRs.35815). The lowest incremental Cost/Benefit ratio was obtained in Neemix (1.341) and followed by treatments of, jholmol (1/1.12) and Cannabis extract (1/0.85), respectively. Thus, application of Neemix @ 2 ml/L could be used in cowpea to control aphid with high yield.

scholarly journals Controle do pulgão-preto, Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), em mudas de jacarandá-do-cerrado (Dalbergia miscolobium Benth.) com o uso de detergente neutro

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-156
Author(s):  
Marcelo Tavares De Castro ◽  
Sandro Coelho Linhares Montalvão
Keyword(s):  
Federal District ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

Resumo. Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), um afídeo altamente polífago e praga de muitas culturas de interesse econômico, é relatado pela primeira vez causando deformações na gema apical e nos folíolos novos de mudas de Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Leguminosae) em Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil. Diferentes concentrações de soluções de detergente neutro e água foram testadas para controlar o afídeo, com o uso de nove mudas infestadas. Os afídeos foram previamente contados em cada planta e dois tratamentos foram utilizados (detergente neutro a 5% e 10%), além da testemunha, onde só foi aplicado água. Ambas as doses causaram mortalidade e a concentração de 5% apresentou 83,8% de eficiência, o que indica que esse tratamento é eficaz para diminuir a população desses insetos em mudas de jacarandá-do-cerrado.Occurrence and control of the black aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), on “jacarandá-do-cerrado” seedlings (Dalbergia miscolobium Benth.) with the use of neutral detergentAbstract. Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a highly polyphagous aphid and pest of many economic crops, is reported for the first-time causing deformations in the apical bud and on the new folioles of Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Leguminosae) seedlings in Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil. Different concentrations of neutral detergent and water solutions were tested to control the aphid using nine infested seedlings. The aphids were previously counted in each plant and two treatments were used (5% and 10% of neutral detergent), and the control, where only water was applied. Both concentrations caused mortality and the 5% showed an efficiency of 83.8%, which indicates that this treatment is effective to decrease the population of these insects in “jacarandá-do-cerrado” seedlings.

Graft-transmissibility of resistance to cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in six highly antibiotic cowpea varieties

1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Ansari ◽  
H. F. van Emden ◽  
S. R. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Cowpea Aphid ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Cowpea Varieties

AbstractThe use of six cowpea varieties highly resistant to Aphis craccivora Koch in grafts (as resistant scion and rootstock) with the susceptible variety Prima indicated the presence of a graft-transmissible chemical involved in the resistance. Wrapping the resistant part in light-proof foil indicated that photosynthesis is involved in the production of the chemical. In a third test, intergrafting is involved in the production of the chemical. In a third test, intergrafting the resistant part with and without leaves confirmed the importance of photosynthesis in the transfer of resistance. Finally, covering the resistance intergrafts with foil showed that the accumulation of the chemical in the stem before the foil was applied was the major source of the graft-transmissible resistance.

Potency of Three Botanical Oils Against the Aphis Craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) Nymphs Under Laboratory Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
MS Yasmin ◽  
MAA Bachchu ◽  
MA Alim
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Oil Repellent ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

Botanicals are promising and attractive alternatives for pest management. In the present study, three botanical oils namely neem (Azadirachta indica), karanja (Pongamia pinnata) and mehogony (Swietenia mahagoni) were tested against the nymphs of Aphis craccivora Koch to evaluate the toxic and repellent effects under laboratory conditions (25 ± 5oC, 65-75% RH). Four concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%) along with control were maintained with distilled water and tween-20 was used as emulsifier. Leaf dipped method were used for insect bioassay. Insect mortality was recorded at 24, 48 and 72 hours after intervals while repellency was carried out at 2 hours after intervals upto 10th hours and the collected data were analyzed through MSTAT-C program. Results indicated that all the tested oils had toxic and repellent effects against the A. craccivora nymphs. Among the tested botanical oils, no significant difference was observed in terms of mortality over treatment time. But significant difference was noticed over level of concentrations exerted by the botanical oils. The average highest mortality (28.62%) was recorded by the application of mehogony oil whereas neem oil showed the lowest mortality (27.21%) against the A. craccivora and the mortality was directly proportional to the level of concentrations and hour after treatment (HAT). Probit analysis showed the lowest LD50 values of mehogony oil which revealed the highest toxic effect against the nymph of bean aphid. The highest repellent effect (77.33%) was found in mehogony oil (repellent class IV) among all the botanical oils applied. On the contrary, neem (57.33%) and karanja (55.00%) oils belonged to the same repellent class that is repellent class II. Although all the tested botanical oils evaluated showed toxic and repellent effects but mehogony oil performed as the best potent oil against the nymphs. We therefore suggested using the mehogony oil for the management of bean aphid. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 139-154 (2021)

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