Hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation (Segawa syndrome) in Taiwan

The common ice plant, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L., is a eu-halophytic model species with an environmental stress-initiated switch from C3 photosynthesis to crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity in 6-week-old plants exposed to salt stress for 5 days was ~15-fold higher than before stress, indicating the salinity-dependent induction of the C3 to CAM transition. Five plant protein phosphatase type 2C (PP2C) genes were cloned, representative of five of the 10 plant PP2C sub-families. We measured mRNA levels of these PP2Cs and of myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (Inps1) in 6-week-old plants before (C3) and after (CAM) salt stress. Remarkably, four PP2C genes and Inps1 were expressed with a diurnal fluctuation in plants in C3 mode. After salt-induced CAM induction, the six genes were expressed with more prominent fluctuations than before stress, suggesting that these PP2C genes may be involved in the diurnal regulation of protein phosphorylation in CAM. Under continuous light treatment the expression of two PP2C genes continued to fluctuate, indicating that their expression is controlled by circadian rhythm.

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Diurnal variations of the dominant cycle length of chronic atrial fibrillation

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.1.h401 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 280 (1) ◽

pp. H401-H406 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Carl J. Meurling ◽

Johan E. P. Waktare ◽

Fredrik Holmqvist ◽

Antti Hedman ◽

A. John Camm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Cycle Length ◽

Vagal Tone ◽

Chronic Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Frequency Domain Analysis ◽

Diurnal Variations ◽

Diurnal Fluctuation ◽

Cycle Lengths ◽

Parasympathetic Influences ◽

Atrial Effective Refractory Period

High-resolution digital Holter recording was carried out in 21 patients (15 men, 64 ± 12 yr) with chronic atrial fibrillation. Dominating atrial cycle length (DACL) was derived by frequency domain analysis of QRST-reduced electrocardiograms. Daytime mean DACL was 150 ± 17 ms, and nighttime mean was 157 ± 22 ms ( P = 0.0002). Diurnal fluctuation in DACL differed among patients: it tended to be virtually absent in those with a short mean DACL, but in those with longer DACL the night-day difference was as much as 23 ms ( R = 0.72, P < 0.001, correlation of mean DACL to night-day difference). Mean DACL also correlated with ventricular cycle length ( R = 0.40, P < 0.001), particularly at night ( r = 0.49). The shorter cycle lengths found in this study during the day are consistent with sympathetic and/or other physiological modulation, but since increased vagal tone shortens atrial refractoriness in most models, parasympathetic influences are not likely to play a major role. Alternatively, atrial effective refractory period may not be the sole determinant of atrial cycle length during atrial fibrillation.

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Diel dynamics of heleoplankton in relation to some physico-chemical attributes of water in an aquaculture tank in Guwahati, Assam

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v4i1.215 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 16-22

Author(s):

Janardan Pathak ◽

M. M. Goswami

Keyword(s):

Water Temperature ◽

T Test ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

Diurnal Fluctuation ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Numerical Density ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Free Carbon Dioxide ◽

Chemical Attributes ◽

Positive Correlations

Diurnal fluctuation of the phytoplankton and zooplankton population (numerical densities) and the physicochemical attributes of water are studied in an aquaculture pond at Guwahati, Assam. In the 24 hour diel cycle, the phytoplankton and zooplankton show significant (t-test, p < 0.01) variation in their numerical density at an interval of 4 hours. The studied physico-chemical parameters of water included Temperature, Total Alkalinity (TA), Total hardness (TH), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Free Carbon dioxide (FCO2) and pH are analyzed concurrently, which reveals a significant fluctuation (t-test, p< .01) in the day and night hours. Multivariate correlation analysis portrays significant and positive correlations among the total population density of phytoplankton with respect to water temperature (r = 0.845, p<0.05) and pH (r = 0.881, p< 0.01) while it maintains significant negative correlations with TA (r = -0.837, p<0.05), TH (r = -0.768, p< 0.05) and FCO2 (r = -0.830, p<0.05). However, total numerical density of zooplankton reveals positive and significant correlations with TA (r = 0.842, p< 0.05) and FCO2 (r= 0.758, p< 0.05) while it shows significant negative correlations with water temperature (r = -0.906, p< 0.01) and pH (r =- 0.912, p< 0.01).

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Chronic Corticosterone Disrupts the Circadian Rhythm of CRH Expression and M6a RNA Methylation in the Chicken Hypothalamus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-919584/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Yang ◽

Wanwan Han ◽

Aijia Zhang ◽

Mindie Zhao ◽

Wei Cong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythm ◽

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Hpa Axis ◽

Clock Genes ◽

Diurnal Fluctuation ◽

Opposite Pattern ◽

Rna Methylation ◽

Diurnal Patterns ◽

M6a Rna Methylation

Abstract Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), the major secretagogue of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, is intricately intertwined with the clock genes to regulate the circadian rhythm of various body functions. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythm, yet it remains unknown whether CRH expression and m6A modification oscillate with the clock genes in chicken hypothalamus and how the circadian rhythms change under chronic stress. Here, we show that chronic exposure to corticosterone (CORT) eliminated the diurnal patterns of plasma CORT and melatonin levels in the chicken. The circadian rhythms of clock genes in hippocampus, hypothalamus and pituitary are all disturbed to different extent in CORT-treated chickens. The most striking changes occur in hypothalamus in which the diurnal fluctuation of CRH mRNA is flattened, together with mRNA of other feeding-related neuropeptides. Interestingly, hypothalamic m6A level oscillates in an opposite pattern to CRH mRNA, with lowest m6A level after midnight (ZT18) corresponding to the peak of CRH mRNA before dawn (ZT22). CORT diminished the circadian rhythm of m6A methylation with significantly increased level at night. Further site-specific m6A analysis on 3’UTR of CRH mRNA indicates that higher m6A on 3’UTR of CRH mRNA coincides with lower CRH mRNA at night (ZT18 and ZT22). Our results indicate that chronic stress disrupts the circadian rhythms of CRH expression in hypothalamus, leading to dysfunction of HPA axis in the chicken. RNA m6A modification is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms in chicken hypothalamus under both basal and chronic stress conditions.

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The Influence of a Vitrectomy on the Diurnal Intraocular Pressure

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2015/427808 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yong Woo Lee ◽

Joon Mo Kim ◽

Seong Hee Shim ◽

Da Yeong Kim ◽

Jeong Hun Bae ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Diurnal Fluctuation ◽

Age And Gender ◽

History Of ◽

The Difference ◽

And Gender ◽

Diurnal Iop ◽

Maximum Minimum ◽

Normal Controls ◽

Healthy Eyes

Purpose. To evaluate the diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes after vitrectomy compared to that of healthy eyes.Methods. Twenty-one patients who had undergone vitrectomy and 21 age- and gender-matched normal controls were enrolled during the same period. We measured the diurnal IOP every two hours between 9 a.m. and 11 p.m. in all patients who were admitted for cataract surgery. Patients with a history of eye surgery (not including vitrectomy) or use of a medication that is associated with IOP were excluded. The IOP and ocular parameters of patients were compared with the same patients’ fellow healthy eyes and with normal eyes of age- and gender-matched controls.Results. There were no significant differences between vitrectomized eyes and normal fellow eyes with regard to all IOP parameters including the maximum, minimum, and IOP fluctuation values. Diurnal fluctuation of IOP (or the difference between the maximum and minimum IOP) was larger in vitrectomized eyes than it was in age- and gender-matched control eyes.Conclusions. Vitrectomy did not markedly affect the IOP. Although there were no severe complications after vitrectomy, the IOP fluctuation was wider in vitrectomized eyes than it was in normal eyes.

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Segawa syndrome, dopa-responsive dystonia

Neurologie pro praxi ◽

10.36290/neu.2021.114 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 525-528

Author(s):

Michal Pavlovič ◽

Miriam Kolníková ◽

Ivana Paučinová ◽

František Cisárik

Keyword(s):

Segawa Syndrome

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Diurnal Fluctuation of Higher Order Ocular Aberrations: Correlation With Intraocular Pressure and Corneal Thickness

Journal of Refractive Surgery ◽

10.3928/1081-597x-20050301-20 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 201-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arthur C K Cheng ◽

Dennis S C Lam

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Higher Order ◽

Diurnal Fluctuation ◽

Ocular Aberrations

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Gyrodactylus magadiensis n. sp. (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) parasitising the gills of Alcolapia grahami (Perciformes, Cichlidae), a fish inhabiting the extreme environment of Lake Magadi, Kenya

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2019077 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Quinton Marco Dos Santos ◽

John Ndegwa Maina ◽

Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Cichlid Fish ◽

Soda Lake ◽

Its Region ◽

Extreme Environment ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Diurnal Fluctuation ◽

Lake Magadi ◽

A New Species ◽

Alcolapia Grahami

A new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 is described from the gills of Alcolapia grahami, a tilapian fish endemic to Lake Magadi. This alkaline soda lake in the Rift Valley in Kenya is an extreme environment with pH as high as 11, temperatures up to 42 °C, and diurnal fluctuation between hyperoxia and virtual anoxia. Nevertheless, gyrodactylid monogeneans able to survive these hostile conditions were detected from the gills the Magadi tilapia. The worms were studied using light microscopy, isolated sclerites observed using scanning electron microscopy, and molecular techniques used to genetically characterize the specimens. The gyrodactylid was described as Gyrodactylus magadiensis n. sp. and could be distinguished from other Gyrodactylus species infecting African cichlid fish based on the comparatively long and narrow hamuli, a ventral bar with small rounded anterolateral processes and a tongue-shaped posterior membrane, and marginal hooks with slender sickles which are angled forward, a trapezoid to square toe, rounded heel, a long bridge prior to reaching marginal sickle shaft, and a long lateral edge of the toe. The species is also distinct from all other Gyrodactylus taxa based on the ITS region of rDNA (ITS1–5.8s–ITS2), strongly supporting the designation of a new species. These findings represent the second record of Gyrodactylus from Kenya, with the description of G. magadiensis bringing the total number of Gyrodactylus species described from African cichlids to 18.

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