Thyroid function in rats with changes in environmental conditions: cold exposure and food intake level

1. An experiment was carried out in which twelve Romney Marsh ewes were separated into two groups, one kept on a high plane of food intake and one on a low plane during pregnancy and lactation. Skin and wool samples were taken from the progeny at birth and weaning; the ratio Sf/Pf was determined for these ages as well as the proportion of follicles of various kinds and in different phases of activity. The results are compared with those of Ryder from an earlier experiment with Cheviots.2. Differences in food intake of ewes of the order described affected live weight at weaning, but did not significantly affect the differentiation and development of secondary follicles in the foetus nor their number at weaning.3. Lambs in the low-plane group shed secondary fibres at 12 months old much more than those which had been in the high-plane group.4. A partial association of variation in birth Sf/Pf with variation in birth weight was demonstrated, but more than half the variation in this ratio is not accounted for in this way, and the same applies to the variation in birth S/P of the Cheviots in Ryder's earlier experiment. It is suggested that variations in foetal environment and in the early post-natal period affect the rate at which the secondary follicle population in a lamb develops towards its mature genetic maximum.

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Association between oral health status and oral food intake level in subacute stroke patients admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation unit

Gerodontology ◽

10.1111/ger.12586 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Koichiro Matsuo ◽

Yu Sekimoto ◽

Mieko Okamoto ◽

Seiko Shibata ◽

Yohei Otaka

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Food Intake ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Rehabilitation Unit ◽

Intake Level ◽

Subacute Stroke ◽

Food Intake Level

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EFFECTS OF COLD EXPOSURE ON PANCREATIC EXOCRINE SECRETIONS IN SHEEP

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas84-253 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 263-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. KATO ◽

B. A. YOUNG

Keyword(s):

Bile Duct ◽

Food Intake ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Pancreatic Juice ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Exocrine Secretion ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion ◽

Daily Output ◽

Exocrine Secretions ◽

Pancreatic Exocrine

The effect of cold exposure (0–3 °C vs. 18–21 °C) on pancreatic exocrine secretion was investigated in sheep with chronically implanted bile duct catheters. At comparable feeding levels, cold exposure enhanced pancreatic juice flow by more than 50%, but its protein content and enzymatic activity were reduced. Only in cold-exposed sheep with increased food intake was there an increased daily output of pancreatic protein and enzymes. Key words: Pancreatic juice, protein, enzymes, cold exposure.

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Environmental influences on adiponectin levels in humans

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h07-017 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 505-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Pascal Imbeault

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Food Intake ◽

Lipid Oxidation ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Skeletal Muscles ◽

Environmental Influences ◽

Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽

Glucose Output

In addition to its classic role in the storage and release of nonesterified fatty acids, the adipocyte is now recognized as a critical source of many endocrine signals. Of these signals, adiponectin has been found to promote lipid oxidation and glucose uptake in skeletal muscles and to reduce glucose output in the liver. Because of the effects of adiponectin on these organs, the search for factors or conditions that could positively influence the synthesis of this adipocyte-derived protein has drawn a great deal of interest. This brief review explores the effects of environmental influences such as weight loss, acute food intake, exercise, and cold exposure on circulating adiponectin levels in humans.

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Cold-specific feeding response of rats to cold exposure and energy density of body weight change

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1981.51.2.327 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 327-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. D. Morrison

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Food Intake ◽

Energy Density ◽

Heat Flow ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Weight Change ◽

Flow Model ◽

Energy Yield ◽

Body Weight Change ◽

Heat Flow Model

The increased food intake of rats exposed to cold is the result of increased intake due to cold (cold-specific compartment; A) and decreased intake due to simultaneously decreased body weight (weight-specific compartment; B). The two compartments are evaluated at 5, 13, and 17 degrees C. B is evaluated as the food intake of theoretical, isogravimetric control (identical to cold-exposed rats with respect to body weight and rate of change of body weight and identical to nonexposed rats in all other respects) that takes into account both the change in energy expenditure due to decreased body weight and the energy yield from tissue catabolism represented by change of body weight. A is the observed food intake minus B. A theoretical heat-flow model, in which expected changes in heat flow during cold exposure drive food intake to maintain or restore preexposure body weight status, corroborated the partition derived from experimental data. However, both the experimental results and the heat-flow model imply that the energy density of body weight change is negatively correlated with rate of body weight change. The energy density of weight change is high with high rates of weight loss and low with high rats of weight gain.

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