Gross growth efficiency as a function of food intake level in the “Pulpito” Octopus tehuelchus: A multimodel inference application

1. An experiment was carried out in which twelve Romney Marsh ewes were separated into two groups, one kept on a high plane of food intake and one on a low plane during pregnancy and lactation. Skin and wool samples were taken from the progeny at birth and weaning; the ratio Sf/Pf was determined for these ages as well as the proportion of follicles of various kinds and in different phases of activity. The results are compared with those of Ryder from an earlier experiment with Cheviots.2. Differences in food intake of ewes of the order described affected live weight at weaning, but did not significantly affect the differentiation and development of secondary follicles in the foetus nor their number at weaning.3. Lambs in the low-plane group shed secondary fibres at 12 months old much more than those which had been in the high-plane group.4. A partial association of variation in birth Sf/Pf with variation in birth weight was demonstrated, but more than half the variation in this ratio is not accounted for in this way, and the same applies to the variation in birth S/P of the Cheviots in Ryder's earlier experiment. It is suggested that variations in foetal environment and in the early post-natal period affect the rate at which the secondary follicle population in a lamb develops towards its mature genetic maximum.

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Association between oral health status and oral food intake level in subacute stroke patients admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation unit

Gerodontology ◽

10.1111/ger.12586 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Koichiro Matsuo ◽

Yu Sekimoto ◽

Mieko Okamoto ◽

Seiko Shibata ◽

Yohei Otaka

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Food Intake ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Rehabilitation Unit ◽

Intake Level ◽

Subacute Stroke ◽

Food Intake Level

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Effects of prey trophic mode on the gross-growth efficiency of marine copepods: the case of mixoplankton

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-69174-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Claudia Traboni ◽

Albert Calbet ◽

Enric Saiz

Keyword(s):

Growth Efficiency ◽

Gross Growth Efficiency ◽

Marine Copepods

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Ambient temperature and algal prey type affect essential fatty acid incorporation and trophic upgrading in a herbivorous marine copepod

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2020.0039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 375 (1804) ◽

pp. 20200039 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Laura Helenius ◽

Suzanne M. Budge ◽

Heather Nadeau ◽

Catherine L. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Environmental Variability ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Prey Type ◽

Growth Efficiency ◽

Dietary Fatty Acids ◽

Calanus Finmarchicus ◽

Marine Copepod ◽

Gross Growth Efficiency

The essential fatty acids (EFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are critical nutrients for all organisms, and the temperature sensitivity of their trophic transfer in marine systems is of concern because of rising ocean temperatures. Laboratory-reared copepodites of the marine calanoid Calanus finmarchicus were used to test the effects of temperature (at 6°C, 12°C and increasing temperature stress) and prey type (the dinoflagellate Heterocapsa triquetra and the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii ) on the extent and efficiency of dietary EPA and DHA incorporation from phytoplankton to copepods in a set of feeding experiments using 13 C labelling. Temperature was a significant determinant of C . finmarchicus copepodites' EFA incorporation and gross growth efficiency, defined as the fraction of ingested EFA retained in copepod tissue. Ingestion and incorporation of both EFA were higher at warmer temperature, except in the case of DHA in copepods feeding on diatoms. DHA-associated growth efficiency was higher at the higher temperature for copepodites consuming the dinoflagellate, but temperature-related variation in algal EFA content was also a predictive factor. Moreover, our results strongly suggest that copepodites are capable of synthesizing EPA when consuming an EPA-depleted diet. Our study implies that the copepod link of marine food webs is resilient in terms of EFA transfer when confronted with alterations of ambient temperature and prey type availability. Measurements presented here are critical for estimating how EFA transfer dynamics respond to intra- and interannual environmental variability. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The next horizons for lipids as ‘trophic biomarkers’: evidence and significance of consumer modification of dietary fatty acids’.

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An evaluation of the relation between food consumption rate and equilibrium body-weight in male rats

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19880084 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 151-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Tom W. Gettys ◽

Susan Mills ◽

Donald M. Henrickst

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Food Intake ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Consumption Rate ◽

Growth Efficiency ◽

Intake Rate ◽

Total Intake ◽

Food Consumption Rate ◽

Maintenance Requirements ◽

Food Intake Rate

1. Two experimental approaches were employed to assess the relation between food consumption rate and maintenance requirements in male weanling rats. The first approach involved restricting food intake in rats previously given free access to food from weaning to 59 d of age. The second approach involved restriction of food intake to various levels after weaning. Maintenance requirements (g foodid per g body-weight (W)) were estimated by dividing the rate of food consumption by the resulting equilibrium W (EBW) for each animal. In addition, food consumption was partitioned into growth-independent (maintenance) and growth-dependent (gain) components by alternately setting W and specific growth rate (W') to zero in an equation relating food intake rate to W and W. Coupling coefficients representing maintenance consumption (g food/d per g W) and gain consumption (g food/g gain) were estimated for each animal by least squares.2. Both techniques for estimating maintenance consumption provided similar estimates within and across experiments, and regardless of when food restriction was imposed or its severity, consumption for maintenance was about 5% W/d.3. The EBW to which animals in each treatment group aspired was directly proportional to that group's food intake rate.4. Coventional measures of growth efficiency were also related to food intake; efficiency decreased with decreasing food intake. Partitioning food consumption into maintenance and gain components revealed that as the rate of food intake decreased, the proportion of total intake consumed for maintenance increased. The results suggest that growth efficiency declines during food intake restriction because proportionately more of total intake is used for maintenance, leaving less available for gain.

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