Behavioral Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity

Abstract Background Overweight and obesity are important risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases, and their prevalence is on the rise worldwide. This study seeks to describe the prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity in Brazilian immigrants living in Massachusetts, United States of America (USA). Methods Modeled after a survey on behavioral risk factors for chronic disease conducted annually in Brazil (Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico: Vigitel), Brazilian immigrants aged 18+ (n = 361) were surveyed between December 2013 and March 2014. Information was obtained from consenting participants regarding their demographic characteristics, physical activity, dietary and lifestyle habits, and other behavioral risk factors. Weight status was estimated from body mass index (BMI), calculated from self-reported height and weight data. Participants were categorized as overweight/obese if their BMI was ≥25; overweight and obese categories were combined to ensure appropriate sample size. Prevalence of overweight/obesity was estimated using STATA, and significant predictors were identified via multi-variable logistic regression. Odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and p-values were determined. Results The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity in the sample was 47.6%. Significant predictors of overweight and obesity were gender (men OR 2.30, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.78; women are comparison group), working in the 3 months prior to the survey (OR 2.90, 95% CI: 1.01, 8.30), and longer duration living in the USA (OR per additional year 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.11). Significant dietary predictors of overweight/obesity included 5 or more days per week of consumption of red meat (OR red meat 3.70, 95% CI: 1.47, 9.26) or of sweetened beverages, like soft drinks also known as soda (OR soda 2.40, 95% CI: 1.00, 5.78) compared with less frequent consumption of these foods. Conclusions This study suggests that long duration of time lived in the USA increases odds of overweight and obesity for Brazilian immigrants living in Massachusetts. Efforts to curb increases in overweight and obesity in this population should focus not only on the men and those who work but also the women. Possible intervention measures should target soda (soft drink) and red meat consumption in Brazilian immigrants.

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Regional, Ethnic and Age-Sexual Features of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Fergana Region

RA Journal Of Applied Research ◽

10.47191/rajar/v7i12.02 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 07 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Ulugbek Karimov ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Age Groups ◽

Alcohol Exposure ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Behavioral Risk Factors ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

High Blood Glucose ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Gender Groups ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Background. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels. The most important behavioral risk factors for heart disease and stroke are unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol. Exposure to behavioral risk factors can manifest in humans as high blood pressure, high blood glucose, high blood lipids, and overweight and obesity. Methods. The research was conducted on hospitalized male and female patients aged from 26 to 88 years with suspicion of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at the time of admission to the hospital in the Andijan and Fergana Valley. Overall, 653 patients were examined. The study included a retrospective and prospective part with the inclusion of patients with ACS. Findings. Fairly wide prevalence of ACS was revealed in terms of their epidemiological characteristics in both gender groups, as well as in different age groups. It is necessary to improve the work on "life-saving prevention" among the population in relation to an adequate assessment of the symptoms of CVD in patients and the implementation of medical recommendations for optimizing prevention, early detection and treatment of ACS.

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The system of indicators of behavioral risk factors in Russia at the national and regional levels

Public Health ◽

10.21045/2782-1676-2021-1-4-56-67 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 56-67

Author(s):

T. S. Zubkova ◽

E. S. Zamiatnina ◽

D. A. Khalturina

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Food Product ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Data Sources ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Behavioral Risk Factors ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Food Groups ◽

Regional Survey

Introduction. Behavioral risk factors are associated with 47% of all-cause mortality in Russia.The goal of this study was to assess and to select the available data sources on the burden of behavioral risk factors in Russia and its regions.Methods included collection and systematization of medical, demographic and survey which reflected the burden of behavioral risk factors in Russia.Results. The spectrum of sources of the data on behavioral risk factors among adults in Russia has significantly expanded in recent years. Rosstat agency provided regional survey data on prevalence of consumption of tobacco and other nicotine-containing products, physical activity, overweight and obesity. The survey results may underestimate alcohol and tobacco consumption due to the sensitivity of these questions. Therefore, the use of morbidity and mortality data is needed well. Detailed regional data on food product consumption in Russia are available, but the list of food groups needs to be updated to reflect current scientific knowledge. At the same time, there is no monitoring of the consumption of table salt and iodine by the Russian citizens. The data from Rosstat surveys on physical activity is available by the regions, and it provides more reliable results in comparison with the reports of sports organizations. Monitoring of behavioral risk factors among children and adolescents in Russia has yet to be organized.Conclusions. A number of data sources have been identified that can be used to assess the burden of behavioral risk factors in Russia and the regions, and ways to improve such monitoring are proposed.

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Prevalence of Risk factors for non-communicable chronic disease in northwest China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-15689/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Weihua Wang ◽

Lin Qiu ◽

Rina Sa ◽

Xia Li ◽

Feng Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Northwest China ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Total Serum ◽

Total Serum Cholesterol ◽

Behavioral Risk Factors ◽

Behavioral Risk

Abstract Background Behavioral risk factors (BRFs) and biological risk factors contribute majorly to the development of non-communicable chronic diseases. We aimed to explore the covariation, cluster and distribution of risk behaviors in northwest China. Material/Methods Multistage clustering sampling was adopted to select participants for the survey. We obtained the data and investigate the prevalence and clustering pattern (mean number of risk factors) of eight risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases, including four behavioral risk factors (smoking, drinking, consumption of fruit and vegetables, physical activity) and four biological risk factors (overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure, raised fasting blood glucose and raised total serum cholesterol). Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to investigate the independent demographic and socioeconomic covariates of clustering of the eight risk factors.Results The prevalence of eight risk factors in northwest China were found: insufficient fruit and vegetable intake,59.82%; overweight and obesity, 46.82%; raised blood pressure, 30.88%; Current smoking, 28.21%; physical inactivity, 24.63%; raised total serum cholesterol, 20.96%; raised blood glucose, 4.27% and harmful use of alcohol, 2.16%. 64.73% of the Chinese in northwest China had two or more risk factors. Being a male, old, living in rural areas, having a lower education level and being separated, divorced or widowed all tends to have more BRFs. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases among residents in northwest China. Public health interventions are needed to reduce these risk factors and ought to target those who are male, old, poorly educated and live in rural areas.

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Trends in Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity among Women of Reproductive Age in Zimbabwe, 2005–2015

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16152758 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (15) ◽

pp. 2758 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fadzai Mukora-Mutseyekwa ◽

Hajo Zeeb ◽

Lydia Nengomasha ◽

Nicholas Kofi Adjei

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Economic Status ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Control Measures ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Behavioral Risk Factors ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age

Background: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases is rising in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Zimbabwe, yet, the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among women in the country have not been explored. This study investigated the trends in prevalence and demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors of overweight and obesity among Zimbabwean women of reproductive age (15–49 years) from 2005–2015. Methods: Data from the 2005/2006, 2010/2011 and 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral risk factors and obesity and overweight (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). We further estimated the prevalence of overweight and obesity over the period covered by the surveys. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased substantially from 25.0% in 2005 to 36.6% in 2015. Some of the risk factors for overweight and obesity were older age (40+) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.73–6.01) in 2015, being married, high economic status, being employed, residence in urban areas and alcohol use. Educational attainment and smoking status were not associated with overweight and obesity across all surveys. Conclusions: We provide the first detailed analysis of trends and risk factors for overweight and obesity between 2005 and 2015 among women in Zimbabwe. The findings indicate that women of reproductive age are at high, and increasing, risk of excess weight. Thus, prevention and control measures are needed to address the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Zimbabwe.

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Prevalence of Risk factors for non-communicable chronic disease in Shaanxi province of China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-15689/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Weihua Wang(Former Corresponding Author) ◽

Lin Qiu ◽

Rina Sa ◽

Xia Li ◽

Feng Liu(New Corresponding Author) ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Total Serum ◽

Total Serum Cholesterol ◽

Behavioral Risk Factors ◽

Behavioral Risk

Abstract Background Risk factors including both behavioral risk factors (BRFs) and biological risk factors contribute majorly to the development of non-communicable chronic diseases. We aimed to explore the covariation, cluster and distribution of risk behaviors in Shaanxi province of China. Methods Multistage clustering sampling was adopted to select participants for the survey. We obtained the data and investigate the prevalence and clustering pattern (mean number of risk factors) of eight risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases, including four behavioral risk factors (smoking, drinking, consumption of fruit and vegetables, physical activity) and four biological risk factors (overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure, raised fasting blood glucose and raised total serum cholesterol). Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to investigate the independent demographic and socioeconomic covariates of clustering of the eight risk factors. Results The prevalence of eight risk factors in Shaanxi province were found: insufficient fruit and vegetable intake,59.82%; overweight and obesity, 46.82%; raised blood pressure, 30.88%; current smoking, 28.21%; physical inactivity, 24.63%; raised total serum cholesterol, 20.96%; raised blood glucose, 4.27% and harmful use of alcohol, 2.16%. 64.73% of the Chinese in Shaanxi province had two or more risk factors. Being a male, old, living in rural areas, having a lower education level and being separated, divorced or widowed all tends to have more risk factors. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases among residents in Shaanxi province of China. Public health interventions are needed to reduce these risk factors and ought to target those who are male, old, poorly educated and live in rural areas.

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