Human Milk and Infant Formula

1982 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula

Gastroduodenal Motility in Neonates: Response to Human Milk Compared With Cow's Milk Formula

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
T. Tomomasa ◽  
P. E. Hyman ◽  
K. Itoh ◽  
J. Y. Hsu ◽  
T. Koizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Gastroduodenal Motility

It is known that breast milk empties more quickly from the stomach than does infant formula. We studied the difference in gastroduodenal motility between neonates fed with human milk and those fed with infant formula. Twenty-four five-to 36-day-old neonates were fed with mother's breast milk or with a cow's milk-based formula. Postprandlial gastroduodenal contractions were recorded manometrically for three hours. Repetitive, high-amplitude nonmigrating contractions were the dominant wave form during the postprandial period. The number of episodes, duration, amplitude, and frequency of nonmigrating contractions were not different following the different feedings. The migrating myoelectric complex, which signals a return to the interdigestive (fasting) state, appeared in 75% of breast milk-fed infants but only 17% of formula-fed infants (P < .05) within the three-hour recording period. Because contractions were similar following the two meals, but a fasting state recurred more rapidly in breast-fed infants, we conclude that factors other than phasic, nonpropagated antroduodenal contractions were responsible for the differences in gastric emptying between breast milk and formula.

scholarly journals Term infant formula supplemented with milk-derived oligosaccharides shifts the gut microbiota closer to that of human milk-fed infants and improves intestinal immune defense: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Estorninos ◽  
Rachel B Lawenko ◽  
Eisel Palestroque ◽  
Norbert Sprenger ◽  
Jalil Benyacoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Intact Protein ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background Bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides (MOS) containing primarily galacto-oligosaccharides with inherent levels of sialylated oligosaccharides can be added to infant formula to enhance the oligosaccharide profile. Objective To investigate the effects of a MOS-supplemented infant formula on gut microbiota and intestinal immunity. Methods In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, healthy-term formula-fed infants aged 21–26 days either received an intact protein cow's milk-based formula (control group, CG, n = 112) or the same formula containing 7.2 g MOS/L (experimental group, EG, n = 114) until age 6 months. Exclusively human milk-fed infants (HFI, n = 70) from an observational study served as reference. Fecal samples collected at baseline, 2.5 and 4 months of age were assessed for microbiota (16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid—based approaches), metabolites and biomarkers of gut health and immune response. Results At age 2.5 and 4 months, redundancy analysis (P = 0.002) and average phylogenetic distance (P < 0.05) showed that the overall microbiota composition in EG was different from CG and closer to that of HFI. Similarly, EG caesarean-born infants were different from CG caesarean- or vaginally-born infants and approaching HFI vaginally-born infants. Relative bifidobacteria abundance was higher in EG vs. CG (P < 0.05) approaching HFI. At age 4 months, counts of Clostridioides difficile and Clostridium perfringens were ∼90% (P < 0.001) and ∼65% (P < 0.01) lower in EG vs. CG, respectively. Mean (95%CI) fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) in EG was twice that of CG [70 (57,85) vs. 34 (28,42) mg/g, P < 0.001] and closer to HFI. Fecal oral polio vaccine-specific IgA was ∼50% higher in EG vs. CG (P = 0.065). Compared to CG, EG and HFI had lower fecal calcium excretion (by ∼30%) and fecal pH (P < 0.001), and higher lactate concentration (P < 0.001). Conclusions Infant formula with MOS shifts the gut microbiota and metabolic signature closer to that of HFI, has a strong bifidogenic effect, reduces fecal pathogens, and improves intestinal immune response.

Maltodextrin is a carbohydrate ingredient for the production of baby food

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Сергей Владимирович Симоненко ◽  
Татьяна Алексеевна Антипова ◽  
Светлана Валерьевна Фелик ◽  
Елена Сергеевна Симоненко
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Carbohydrate Component ◽  
Carbohydrate Composition ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Microbiological Parameters

Организация искусственного вскармливания детей включает использование специализированных продуктов детского питания. Основными принципами создания адаптированных детских молочных смесей является приближение их к составу и свойствам женского молока и соответствие особенностям пищеварения и метаболизма ребенка. Немаловажным моментом при этом является адаптация углеводного компонента. В современных формулах детских адаптированных смесей часть лактозы заменена на мальтодекстрин. Целью настоящих исследований являлось изучение пищевой ценности, показателей безопасности отечественного углеводного ингредиента мальтодекстрина и возможности его применения в специализированной пищевой продукции для детского питания. Результаты исследований органолептических, физико-химических и микробиологических показателей опытного образца мальтодекстрина подтвердили соответствие требованиям, предъявляемым к углеводным ингредиентам для производства продуктов детского питания. При исследовании возможности использования отечественного мальтодекстрина в производстве адаптированных продуктов детского питания подтверждена его целесообразность для оптимизации углеводного состава готового продукта. The organization of artificial feeding of children includes the use of specialized baby food products. The main principles of creating adapted infant formula are to approach the composition and properties of human milk and to match the characteristics of the child's digestion and metabolism. An important point in this case is the adaptation of the carbohydrate component. In modern formulas of children's adapted mixtures, part of the lactose is replaced with maltodextrin. The purpose of these studies was to study the nutritional value, safety indicators of the domestic carbohydrate ingredient-maltodextrin and the possibility of its use in specialized food products for baby food. The results of studies of the organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the maltodextrin prototype confirmed compliance with the requirements for carbohydrate ingredients for the production of baby food. When studying the possibility of using domestic maltodextrin in the production of adapted baby products, its expediency for optimizing the carbohydrate composition of the finished product was confirmed.

In vivo digestomics of milk proteins in human milk and infant formula using a suckling rat pup model

Peptides ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Wada ◽  
Brett S. Phinney ◽  
Darren Weber ◽  
Bo Lönnerdal
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Rat Pup
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