Innovations in Monitoring With Water-Quality Sensors With Case Studies on Floods, Hurricanes, and Harmful Algal Blooms

2019 ◽  
pp. 219-283
Author(s):  
Donna N. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Water Quality Sensors

scholarly journals A global scan of how the issue of nutrient loading and harmful algal blooms is being addressed by governments, non-governmental organizations, and volunteers

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Étienne Foulon ◽  
Alain N. Rousseau ◽  
Glenn Benoy ◽  
Rebecca L. North
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Quality Issue ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in aquatic ecosystems are of concern worldwide. This review deals with how jurisdictions around the world are addressing this water quality issue to inform recommendations regarding nutrient loading and HABs in Missisquoi Bay-Lake Champlain and Lake Memphremagog; transboundary lakes located in the USA and Canada that suffer from symptoms of eutrophication. A global scan of the literature resulted in the consideration of 12 case studies of large water bodies within large watersheds, excluding in-lake geoengineering approaches. Although all of the systems experience excessive nutrient loading, they vary in two key ways: sources of nutrients and manifestations of eutrophication ranging from HABs, to limited recreational uses, to the additional complexity of internal loadings and fish kills, up to drinking water shutdowns. The case studies were analyzed with respect to four categories of approaches, namely: (i) regulatory; (ii) incentive-based; (iii) risk mitigation; and (iv) outreach, engagement, and educational. We found that the management frameworks are based on integrated watershed management planning and national standards. National water quality standards, however, are not stringent enough to prevent HABs. Overall, identified case studies did not successfully remediate HABs, they simply managed them.

scholarly journals Where's the Grass? Disappearing Submerged Aquatic Vegetation and Declining Water Quality in Lake Mattamuskeet

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Moorman ◽  
Tom Augspurger ◽  
John D. Stanton ◽  
Adam Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Current Water

Abstract Major threats to aquatic systems such as shallow lakes can include declining water quality, the loss of macrophyte beds, and the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. Often, these changes go unnoticed until a shift from a clear, oligotrophic system dominated by macrophyte beds to a turbid, eutrophic system dominated by phytoplankton and associated harmful algal blooms has occurred. Lake Mattamuskeet, which mostly lies within the boundary of Mattamuskeet National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina, is a shallow lake that has recently experienced a reduction in water clarity and macrophyte beds, also referred to as submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), and an increase in nutrients, phytoplankton, harmful algal blooms, and cyanotoxin production. At Lake Mattamuskeet, SAV coverage and water clarity declined between the 1980s and 2015. During the same time, significantly increasing trends in nitrogen, phosphorus, turbidity, suspended sediments, chlorophyll a, and pH occurred. Current water-quality conditions (2012–2015) are not conducive to SAV survival and, in some cases, do not meet North Carolina water-quality standards for the protection of aquatic life. Water clarity declines appear to predate the SAV die-offs on the east side. Moving forward, SAV will serve as a primary indicator for lake health; and lake monitoring, research, and management efforts will focus on the restoration of aquatic grasses and water quality at Lake Mattamuskeet.

scholarly journals Measurement of Cyanobacterial Bloom Magnitude using Satellite Remote Sensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachidananda Mishra ◽  
Richard P. Stumpf ◽  
Blake A. Schaeffer ◽  
P. Jeremy Werdell ◽  
Keith A. Loftin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data

AbstractCyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) are a serious environmental, water quality and public health issue worldwide because of their ability to form dense biomass and produce toxins. Models and algorithms have been developed to detect and quantify cyanoHABs biomass using remotely sensed data but not for quantifying bloom magnitude, information that would guide water quality management decisions. We propose a method to quantify seasonal and annual cyanoHAB magnitude in lakes and reservoirs. The magnitude is the spatiotemporal mean of weekly or biweekly maximum cyanobacteria biomass for the season or year. CyanoHAB biomass is quantified using a standard reflectance spectral shape-based algorithm that uses data from Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS). We demonstrate the method to quantify annual and seasonal cyanoHAB magnitude in Florida and Ohio (USA) respectively during 2003–2011 and rank the lakes based on median magnitude over the study period. The new method can be applied to Sentinel-3 Ocean Land Color Imager (OLCI) data for assessment of cyanoHABs and the change over time, even with issues such as variable data acquisition frequency or sensor calibration uncertainties between satellites. CyanoHAB magnitude can support monitoring and management decision-making for recreational and drinking water sources.

Effectiveness of Stormwater Best Management Practices in Headwater Streams to Mitigate Harmful Algal Blooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Braswell Alford ◽  
Elizabeth Caporuscio
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Headwater Streams ◽  
Best Management

Pollution inputs in surface waters have resulted in extensive impairments to water resources; however, the effectiveness of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) in reducing pollution inputs related to harmful algal blooms (HABs) in headwater streams has not been widely reported. Skypark, Santa’s Village, is an outdoor recreation area in the semiarid San Bernardino National Forest, California. Recreational activities and impervious surfaces at the site contribute pollution to Hooks Creek, a first-order headwater tributary of the Mojave River. The Natural Resources Conservation Service designed and constructed a stormwater sediment erosion control basin system to reduce site gully erosion and improve surface water quality in situ and downstream. Basin water quality was tested biweekly for parameters associated with HABs including temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, conductivity, nitrate (NO3−), and ammonium (NH4+) in situ during wet and dry seasons, with periodic testing for total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), total coliform (TC), and Escherichia coli (EC). The BMP structure was effective in lowering temperature and pH and reducing NO3−, TDS, and turbidity during precipitation events, and increased pH levels and lower concentrations of TSS, TC, and EC were present during the dry season. Despite these advantages, the BMP was ineffective in reducing (NH4+) concentrations, a primary contributor to HABs, with 100% of the samples exceeding regulatory criteria throughout the study period. Results highlight the benefits and limitations of stormwater BMPs in protecting water resources from downstream HABs to ensure water resources are protected for current and future generations.

Volunteer Algae Monitoring Program (VAMP) in the Indian River Lagoon

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Susan Hamburger ◽  
Kenneth T. Gioeli ◽  
David Berthold ◽  
H. Dail Laughinghouse
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Indian River Lagoon ◽  
Fort Lauderdale ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Indian River ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The University

AbstractThe University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Florida Master Naturalist Program (FMNP) is an adult environmental education program with more than 450 trained program graduates in St. Lucie County, Florida. It is a collaborative effort of the UF/IFAS Extension St. Lucie County, St. Lucie County Environmental Resources Department, and partner agencies. Four UF/IFAS Florida Master Naturalist volunteers were recruited and received training and supplies to conduct water quality testing and algae collection in the Indian River Lagoon as part of the Volunteer Algae Monitoring Program (VAMP). The UF/IFAS research and extension faculty developed VAMP in response to the 2016 harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the Indian River Lagoon that resulted in dramatic impacts on businesses, residents, and visitors in Martin, St. Lucie, and Indian River counties. These HAB episodes demonstrate the importance of having informed citizen scientists with an understanding of the problems and threats. The VAMP citizen scientists conducted a water quality awareness survey with the general public after proactively scouting for HABs by collecting samples and conducting water quality testing at three waypoints in the Indian River Lagoon during May to November 2017 (excluding October) and February 2018. They utilized UF/IFAS Water Watch chemistry tests and processed and shipped water samples to the Laughinghouse Lab at the UF/IFAS Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, which conducted algae counts and genetic testing to determine the presence of harmful algae expressing microcystin-producing genes. Test results indicated fluctuating and inconsistent levels of saxitoxin but no indications of microcystins across the three sites and over time.

Effects of harmful algal blooms and associated water-quality on endangered Lost River and shortnose suckers

Harmful Algae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 101847
Author(s):  
Summer M. Burdick ◽  
David A. Hewitt ◽  
Barbara A. Martin ◽  
Liam Schenk ◽  
Stewart A. Rounds
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms

scholarly journals Monitoring, Managing, and Communicating Risk of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Recreational Resources across Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117863022110144
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Rashidi ◽  
Helen Baulch ◽  
Arshdeep Gill ◽  
Lalita Bharadwaj ◽  
Lori Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Territorial Government ◽  
Northern Territories

Globally, harmful algal blooms (HABs) are on the rise, as is evidence of their toxicity. The impacts associated with blooms, however, vary across Nation states, as do the strategies and protocols to assess, monitor, and manage their occurrence. In Canada, water quality guidelines are standardized nationally, but the management strategies for HABs are not. Here, we explore current strategies to understand how to better communicate risks associated with HABs to the public. Our team conducted an environmental scan on provincial and territorial government agency protocols around HABs. Results suggest that there are variations in the monitoring, managing, and communicating of risk to the public: British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, and Quebec have well-established inter-agency protocols, and most provinces report following federal guidelines for water quality. Notably, 3 northern territories have no HABs monitoring or management protocols in place. More populous provinces use a variety of information venues (websites, social media, on site postings, and radio) to communicate risks associated with HABs, whereas others’ communications are limited. To induce more collaboration on HABs monitoring and management and reduce the associated risks, creating a coherent system with consistent messaging and inter-agency communication is suggested.

scholarly journals The Community Structure of Phytoplankton in Seagrass Ecosystem and its Relationship with Environmental Characterstics

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede Iwan Setiabudi ◽  
Dietriech G. Bengen ◽  
Hefni Effendi ◽  
Ocky Karna Radjasa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Algae Bloom ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystem ◽  
Plankton Communities

<p>The aimed of this study was to determine  the plankton communities and its relationship with the chemical and physical condition in seagrass ecosystem at Pegametan Bay. The composition and abundance of plankton were observed in the sea water underneath the surface and were identified based on the guideline of Illustration of the Marine Plankton of Japan. The water quality was measured in situ using <em>WQC </em>HI 9829. The water sample was measured using closed reflux spectrometry for COD, TOC analyzer for DOC and APHA 2102 (4500) method for Nt and Pt. There are 27 species of plankton identified, which can be classified into three groups. Diatom group consists of 18 species with a 74.56% abundance. The non-litoral group consists of 6 species with a 23.35% abundance. Moreover, dinoflagellate group consist of 3 species with a 2.09% abundance. An abundance of plankton greater than 10<sup>4 </sup>cell.L<sup>-1</sup> was found in diatome group (<em>Nitzschia </em>sp.<em>, Thalassiosira</em> sp.,<em> Chaetoceros</em> sp., <em>Flagillaria</em> sp., <em>Thalassiothrix</em> sp., and <em>Melosira</em> sp.) and non-litoral group (<em>Oscillatoria</em> sp. and <em>Spirogyra</em> sp.). The abundance of those species indicated the algae bloom phenomenon. <em>Dinophysis</em> sp. was also identified, which was harmful algal blooms.</p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Setiabudi, G. I., Bengen, D. G., Effendi, H., &amp; Radjasa, O. K. (2016). The Community Structure of Phytoplankton in Seagrass Ecosystem and its Relationship with Environmental Characterstics. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</em>, 8(3), 257-269.</p>

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