Root system architectural and growth responses of crop plants to mineral nutrition under moisture stress and its implications in drought tolerance

2022 ◽  
pp. 171-207
Author(s):  
Kirti Bardhan ◽  
Vipulkumar B. Parekh ◽  
Suchismita Jena ◽  
Sanket J. More ◽  
Duwini Padukkage
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root System ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Growth Responses

scholarly journals Let Your Lawn Tell You When To Water

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2004 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie E. Trenholm ◽  
Joseph Bryan Unruh
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root System ◽  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Over Time

Most homeowners over-water their lawns, which may damage or kill the lawn over time. Excess irrigation is one of the major causes of lawn demise and may include problems such as a shallow root system; increased disease, weed, or insect infestation; reduced drought tolerance; increased thatch and excessive growth; and reduced tolerance to other stresses such as shade and soil problems. To avoid over-watering, look for signs that the lawn needs water. This document is ENH63, one of a series of the Department of Environmental Horticulture, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Dates reviewed: March 2000; September 2003. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep054

scholarly journals Screening for Drought Tolerance through Root Morphology and Yield Characters of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
K. Manoj Kumar ◽  
S. Vincent ◽  
A. Mothilal ◽  
M. Raveendran ◽  
R. Anandham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root System ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Trait ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Worldwide Production ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Yield Character

Drought affects the rainfed groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)  at different phases of development and it is the serious threats on groundnut productivity causing losses than any other abiotic factor under rainfed agriculture. In the world's semiarid regions, groundnut accounts for 90% of worldwide production. Drought mainly affects the pace and pattern of nutrient and water intake from the soil, affecting the architecture of the groundnut root system. Plant selections with desirable root trait have been a major focus in developing drought resistant Groundnut cultivars. In 2019, 60 groundnut genotypes were cultivated in root block design with two different soil water treatments, as well as in the field during the year under same circumstances. The purpose of this study was to see how different groundnut cultivars fared in terms of yield, yield contributing features, root characters, and their relationships with drought tolerance. Drought resistant genotypes had thicker roots, larger roots, and a deeper root system than susceptible genotypes. Recent series in groundnut genotypes of 60 numbers were sown during kharif 2019 (july-september) under rainfed condition (It includes life irrigation and rainfall received during cropping season). Groundnut genotypes were semi spreading with the duration of 110-120 days. Observation on root morphological character viz., roots length, root volume after 20 days of stress imposition of the crop and yield parameters were observed at the harvest. Among the 60 genotypes, 20 genotypes (VG 17008, VG 17046, VG 18005, VG 18102, VG 18077, VG 19572, VG 19709, VG 18111, VG19561, VG19576, VG 19620, VG 19681, VG 19688 etc.,) similarly, yield character were observed for 60 genotypes and all the genotypes given above recorded higher value in Total number of pods per plant, Number of double seeded pods per plant, Pod yield per plant, Harvest index and Total dry matter production. The methods used in this study identified correlation between yield character and root characters. Groundnut genotypes by assessing yield metrics and their relationship with root trait. These findings lay the groundwork for future study aimed at deciphering the molecular pathways underpinning Groundnut drought resistance.

scholarly journals QTL detection and putative candidate gene prediction for leaf rolling under moisture stress condition in wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakriti Verma ◽  
M. Niranjana ◽  
S. K. Jha ◽  
Niharika Mallick ◽  
Priyanka Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Leaf Rolling

Abstract Leaf rolling is an important mechanism to mitigate the effects of moisture stress in several plant species. In the present study, a set of 92 wheat recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between NI5439 × HD2012 were used to identify QTLs associated with leaf rolling under moisture stress condition. Linkage map was constructed using Axiom 35 K Breeder’s SNP Array and microsatellite (SSR) markers. A linkage map with 3661 markers comprising 3589 SNP and 72 SSR markers spanning 22,275.01 cM in length across 21 wheat chromosomes was constructed. QTL analysis for leaf rolling trait under moisture stress condition revealed 12 QTLs on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 4A, 4B, 5D, and 6B. A stable QTL Qlr.nhv-5D.2 was identified on 5D chromosome flanked by SNP marker interval AX-94892575–AX-95124447 (5D:338665301–5D:410952987). Genetic and physical map integration in the confidence intervals of Qlr.nhv-5D.2 revealed 14 putative candidate genes for drought tolerance which was narrowed down to six genes based on in-silico analysis. Comparative study of leaf rolling genes in rice viz., NRL1, OsZHD1, Roc5, and OsHB3 on wheat genome revealed five genes on chromosome 5D. Out of the identified genes, TraesCS5D02G253100 falls exactly in the QTL Qlr.nhv-5D.2 interval and showed 96.9% identity with OsZHD1. Two genes similar to OsHB3 viz. TraesCS5D02G052300 and TraesCS5D02G385300 exhibiting 85.6% and 91.8% identity; one gene TraesCS5D02G320600 having 83.9% identity with Roc5 gene; and one gene TraesCS5D02G102600 showing 100% identity with NRL1 gene were also identified, however, these genes are located outside Qlr.nhv-5D.2 interval. Hence, TraesCS5D02G253100 could be the best potential candidate gene for leaf rolling and can be utilized for improving drought tolerance in wheat.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the root system in two Brazilian upland rice varieties which exhibit contrasting behavior towards drought tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-434
Author(s):  
Leandro Martins Ferreira ◽  
◽  
Cristiana Maia de Oliveira ◽  
Leilson Novaes Arruda ◽  
Renan Pinto Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root System ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

COMPETITIVE EFFICIENCY OF WEEDS AND CEREAL CROPS

1934 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Pavlychenko ◽  
J. B. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Competitive Efficiency ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Stomatal Number

The results of a study of the competing abilities of certain weeds and crop plants are presented. Characteristics studied as possible indicators of competitive efficiency were development of assimilation surface, stomatal number, readiness and uniformity of seed germination and distribution and penetration of root systems.It is shown that success in competition depends on readiness and uniformity of germination under adverse moisture conditions, the ability to develop a large assimilation surface in the early seedling stage, the possession of a large number of stomata and a root system with a large mass of fibre close to the surface but with its main roots penetrating deeply.Cereal crops were classified in the order of competing ability as follows:— barley, rye, wheat and oats, flax. Brassica arvensis and Avena falua were the most vigorous competitors among the weeds studied.

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