Nonlinear Control Strategies for a Micro-Aerobic, Fermentation Process

Author(s):  
Emily Liew Wan Teng ◽  
Yudi Samyudia
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Bello-Robles ◽  
Oscar J. Suarez ◽  
Aldo Pardo Garcia

2017 ◽  
pp. 253-300
Author(s):  
Schurk F. Joseph ◽  
Deshpande Pradeep B. ◽  
leffew Kenneth W.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shobib

Cow manure can be used for making organic fertilizer because it contains nutrients such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K). Rice straw has a high C-Organic content. Adding straw compost will increase soil organic matter content. The study aims to determine the fermentation process that occurs so as to produce organic fertilize, know the effect of fermentation time and the effect of the composition of raw materials for cow manure and rice straw on the process of making organic fertilizer to the content of organic fertilizer according to SNI 7603 : 2018. The method use by aerobic fermentation is by mixing cow manure and rice straw and M-Dec bioactivators by comparison 3 : 1, 2 : 2,1 : 3 and fermentation time 7, 14, 21, 28 days. The parameters tested are C-organic, Nitrogen (N), C/N ratio, Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K). The best quality organic fertilizer in the treatment of cow manure : rice straw with a ratio of 2 : 2 on the 28th day fermentation process namely C-organic content 34,63 %, C/N ratio is 25, macro nutrient content N+P2O5+K2O of 3,14 % that has met SNI 7763 : 2018. Keyword: M-Dec bioactivator, aerobic fermentation, cow manure, rice straw, C/N ratio


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Khaqan ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Bilal Ijaz ◽  
Raja Ali Riaz

Maintaining the depth of hypnosis (DOH) during surgery is one of the major objectives of anesthesia infusion system. Continuous administration of Propofol infusion during surgical procedures is essential but increases the undue load of an anesthetist in operating room working in a multitasking setup. Manual and target controlled infusion (TCI) systems are not good at handling instabilities like blood pressure changes and heart rate variability arising due to interpatient variability. Patient safety, large interindividual variability, and less postoperative effects are the main factors to motivate automation in anesthesia. The idea of automated system for Propofol infusion excites the control engineers to come up with a more sophisticated and safe system that handles optimum delivery of drug during surgery and avoids postoperative effects. In contrast to most of the investigations with linear control strategies, the originality of this research work lies in employing a nonlinear control technique, backstepping, to track the desired hypnosis level of patients during surgery. This effort is envisioned to unleash the true capabilities of this nonlinear control technique for anesthesia systems used today in biomedical field. The working of the designed controller is studied on the real dataset of five patients undergoing surgery. The controller tracks the desired hypnosis level within the acceptable range for surgery.


2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Devaud ◽  
Jean-Philippe Harcaut ◽  
Houria Siguerdidjane

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