PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK DARI KOTORAN SAPI DAN JERAMI PADI  DENGAN PROSES FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN BIOAKTIVATOR M-DEC

Cow manure can be used for making organic fertilizer because it contains nutrients such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K). Rice straw has a high C-Organic content. Adding straw compost will increase soil organic matter content. The study aims to determine the fermentation process that occurs so as to produce organic fertilize, know the effect of fermentation time and the effect of the composition of raw materials for cow manure and rice straw on the process of making organic fertilizer to the content of organic fertilizer according to SNI 7603 : 2018. The method use by aerobic fermentation is by mixing cow manure and rice straw and M-Dec bioactivators by comparison 3 : 1, 2 : 2,1 : 3 and fermentation time 7, 14, 21, 28 days. The parameters tested are C-organic, Nitrogen (N), C/N ratio, Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K). The best quality organic fertilizer in the treatment of cow manure : rice straw with a ratio of 2 : 2 on the 28th day fermentation process namely C-organic content 34,63 %, C/N ratio is 25, macro nutrient content N+P2O5+K2O of 3,14 % that has met SNI 7763 : 2018. Keyword: M-Dec bioactivator, aerobic fermentation, cow manure, rice straw, C/N ratio

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PERLAKUAN PENGOLAHAN BAHAN BAKU PADA INSTALASI BIOGAS DI KELURAHAN SEMATANG BORANG KOTA PALEMBANG PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

IGKOJEI: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat ◽

10.46549/igkojei.v2i2.229 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Irnanda Pratiwi ◽

Winny Andalia ◽

Madagaskar Madagaskar ◽

Faizah Suryani ◽

Selvia Aprilyanti

Keyword(s):

Community Service ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Service Program ◽

Service Activity

ABSTRACT RT 04 Sematang Borang Village has utilized a biogas installation to process cow manure into both solid and liquid organic fertilizer and also produce biogas. The biogas fermentation process and organic fertilizer processing experienced problems due to the grass within the cow manure entering the digester, which was caused by a leak in the digester cover and the low quality of organic fertilizer produced in the outlet tub. This community service activity aims to treat waste raw materials so that the fermentation process can take place optimally. The presence of animal feed or grass in the inlet tub will interfere with the fermentation process and cause the digester lid to leak. In the implementation of this community service program, the focus is on improving the digester and adding tools to aid the process of separating cow dung raw materials so that the fermentation process can be optimized. The biogas formation process requires an airtight, oxygen-free, or anaerobic (closed) space. Treatment is done by separating cow manure raw materials from feed grass by using a filter to produce good raw materials in the biogas fermentation process. So that cow manure that enters the digester can be fermented optimally. Keywords: Biogas; Digester; Fermentation; Cow Manure ABSTRAK RT 04 Kelurahan Sematang Borang, sudah menggunakan instalasi biogas yang gunanya untuk mengolah kotoran ternak sapi menjadi pupuk organik padat dan cair serta juga menghasilkan biogas. Proses fermentasi biogas dan pengolahan pupuk organik ini mengalami kendala yang disebabkan rumput kotoran sapi yang masuk ke dalam digester yang disebabkan oleh bocornya tutup digester serta belum maksimalnya kualitas pupuk organik yang dihasilkan pada bak outlet rendah. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melakukan treatment pada bahan baku limbah sehingga proses fermentasi dapat berlangsung optimal. Adanya pakan ternak atau rumput di dalam bak inlet akan mengganggu proses fermentasi dan menyebabkan tutup digester bocor. Pada kegiatan pelaksanaan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini difokuskan pada perbaikan digester dan penambahan alat untuk proses pemisahan bahan baku kotoran sapi agar proses fermentasi lebih maksimal. Proses pembentukan biogas membutuhkan ruang yang kedap udara, tanpa oksigen atau anaerob (tertutup). Perlakuan pengolahan (treatment) dengan pemisahan bahan baku kotoran sapi dengan rumput pakan dengan menggunakan alat penyaring untuk menghasilkan bahan baku yang baik pada proses fermentasi biogas. Sehingga kotoran sapi yang masuk ke dalam digester dapat difermentasi secara maksimal. Kata kunci: Biogas; Digester; Fermentasi; Kotoran Sapi

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ANALYSIS FOR POTENCY AND PRODUCTION OF GRANULE ORGANIC FERTILIZER BASED ON MANURE

Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan ◽

10.29122/jrl.v7i2.1951 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Firman L. Sahwan

Keyword(s):

Organic Material ◽

Organic Materials ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Raw Material ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Production Potential ◽

Natural Organic Material ◽

Very High

Organic materials that are generally used as raw material for organic fertilizer granules (POG) is a natural organic material that has been degrade, smooth and dry. One of the main raw materials are always used with a very high percentage of usage, is manure. Manure potential in Indonesia is very high, amounting to 113.6 million tons per year, or 64.7 million tons per year to the island of Java. From this amount, it will be generated numbers POG production potential of 17.5 million tons per year (total Indonesia) or 9.9 million tons per year for the island of Java. While the realistic POG production predictions figures made from raw manure is 2.5 million tons annually, a figure that has been unable to meet the number requirement of POG greater than 4 million tons per year. Therefore, in producing POG, it should be to maximize the using of the potential of other organic materials so that the use of manure can be saved. With the use of a small amount of manure (maximum 30% for cow manure), it would be useful also to avoid the production of POG with high Fe content.keywods: organic material, manure, granule organic fertilizer

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Physicochemical Properties of Handere Clays and Their Use as a Building Material

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2015/374245 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yasin Erdoğan

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Building Materials ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Volcanic Glass ◽

Mineralogical Composition ◽

Matter Content ◽

Loss On Ignition ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Clay Deposits

Handere clay deposits were discovered at Adana in Turkey. These clay units primarily consist of uncoloured claystone, pebbly sandstone, sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone marl and include gypsum lenses and clay levels of various thicknesses in places. The physicochemical properties of these clays have been investigated by different techniques including Scanning Electron and Elemental Analysis (SEM and EDS), mineralogical analyses, chemical and physical analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and Atterberg (Consistency) Limits Test. The mineralogical composition deduced from XRD is wide (smectite + palygorskite + illite ± feldspar ± chlorite ± quartz ± calcite ± serpentine) due to the high smectite contents (≈85%). SEM studies reveal that smectite minerals are composed of irregular platy leaves and show honeycomb pattern in the form of wavy leaves in places. The leaves presenting an array with surface edge contact are usually concentrated in the dissolution voids and fractures of volcanic glass. Organic matter content and loss on ignition analysis of raw materials are good for all the studied samples. In summary, Handere clays can be used as building materials in bricks, roof tiles, and cement and as a binder.

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Sludge Treatment for Application in Agriculture Should be the Option Number One for Ukraine

Linnaeus Eco-Tech ◽

10.15626/eco-tech.2010.037 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 356-362

Author(s):

Lidiia Svirenko ◽

Viktoriia Bondar

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Matter Content ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

National Standard ◽

Arable Soils ◽

Climatic Zones

Ukraine is well-known in the world as a country with soil rich for humus. Approximately 68% of arable soils in Ukraine have been classificated as chernozem. For last decades decrease of organic matter content in soils of various agri-climatic zones has been surveyed in the country. The main reason of the mentioned process is enormous lack of organic fertilizer (manure) in agriculture connected with decrease in livestock (in 3 times since year 1992). Besides there is expansion of technical crops for biofuel production (like Brassica napus, Helianthus annuus), which are the provocateurs of soils exhaustion. At the same time such important source of organic matter for application in agriculture as sewage sludge (SS) from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is not used in Ukraine nowadays. To stop arable soils degradation in regions it is necessary to develop up-to-date management for fertilizer production on WWTPs. The base for the process has to be the acceptance of the goal-oriented National programme, corresponding governmental decrees and implementation of national standard for using sewage sludge as fertilizer.

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Soft-Bottom macrobenthic communities of the Vitória Bay estuarine system, South-eastern Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography ◽

10.1590/s1679-87592005000100003 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 53 (1-2) ◽

pp. 23-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Rosebel C. Nalesso ◽

Jean-Christophe Joyeux ◽

Cintia O. Quintana ◽

Evelise Torezani ◽

Ana Clara Paz Otegui

Keyword(s):

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Coarse Sand ◽

Organic Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Estuarine System ◽

South Eastern ◽

Eastern Brazil ◽

Physico Chemical

The present work describes and analyses the structure of the macrobenthic epi- and infaunal assemblage of the estuarine system of Vitória Bay, South-eastern Brazil, from January 1998 to June 1999. Replicated sampling at intertidal and subtidal levels was conducted quarterly at ten stations. Intertidal and subtidal sediment composition was characterised. Water physico-chemical parameters were measured in situ. A total of 10,695 individuals, belonging to 144 taxa, were collected. Molluscs, crustaceans and polychaetes were the most abundant groups. The bivalves Anomalocardia brasiliana, Mytella guyanensis and M. falcata were the most abundant species. Locally, significant discharges of residential and industrial wastewater resulted in high organic content in the sediment (up to 30%) and low dissolved oxygen concentration in the water (< 1mg.l-1). Near the two entrances of the bay, high hydrodynamic activity and coarse sand reduced the detrimental effects of raw and treated sewage inputs. Species richness (S), diversity (H') and total abundance (A) decreased from outer-bay stations (22 < S < 72; 1.99 < H' < 2.85; 320 < A < 1737) towards inner-bay stations (2 < S < 45; 0.59 < H' < 2.67; 2 < A < 1317), where salinity and dissolved oxygen were lowest and organic matter content highest.

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PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIR TAHU DAN DAUN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DENGAN METODA FERMENTASI DENGAN AKTIVATOR EM4

Photon: Jurnal Sain dan Kesehatan ◽

10.37859/jp.v8i01.546 ◽

1930 ◽

Vol 8 (01) ◽

pp. 127-135

Author(s):

Hasmalina Nasution ◽

Henny D J ◽

Ulsanna Laira

Keyword(s):

Fermentation Process ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Quality Requirements ◽

Industry Waste ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium

Liquid organic fertilizer is organic fertilizer in a liquid preparation as apart or all of from organic compound such as plant, animal, and industry waste, solid or liquid phase Nutrients contained therein form of a solution that is so fine that is easily absorbed by plants, though the leaves or stems. Organic fertilizer is one of solution to recovery physical, chemical and biological soil mineral from harmful effect at synthetic fertilize. Liquid fertilizer is obtained from the fermentation process solid first and then proceed with the extraction and liquid anaerobic fermentation process.In the fermentation process, the role of microbes largely determine the resulting product.The aim of this study was to determine the potential of liquid waste out as a liquid organic fertilizer with the addition of leaves of Gliricidia plants with a variation of 200 gr and 400 gr to increase mocro and micro nutrients with EM4 bacteria activator by fermentation procces. Macro nutrients result show Nitrogen 1250,57 ppm, phosphorus 1626,51 ppm potasium 2987,45 ppm, C-organic 8550 ppm, the ratio of C/N 7, and micro nutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn) C organic result Fe 57.99 ppm, Cu 0.30 ppm, Mn 2.83 ppm in the optimum fermentation time of 5 days with additional variations Gliricidia leaves 400 g. Macro nutrient of Organic fertilizer produced meets the quality requirements of the regulation which has set the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the amount of <2% or <20000, C organic ≥ 4% (40000 ppm), the ratio of C / N ≥ 4 ppm. Micro nutrients result do not meet the quality requirements of the agriculture minister No.28/Permentan/OT.140/2/2009. quality regulations for, and metal 100-1000 ppm.

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Evaluation of the potential of feedstock combinations and their biochars for soil amendment

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x211060611 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0734242X2110606

Author(s):

Maliheh Fouladidorhani ◽

Mohammad Shayannejad ◽

Emmanuel Arthur

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

Particle Density ◽

Soil Amendments ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Cow Manure ◽

N Content ◽

Pine Wood

One of the approaches for recycling and reusing agricultural and animal wastes is to pyrolyse the residues and subsequently use them as soil amendments. The prevalence of several feedstocks suggests that it is necessary to investigate the optimal combinations of feedstocks and pyrolysis temperature for use as soil amendments. This study was done to evaluate five combinations of raw materials (sugarcane bagasse, rice husk, cow manure and pine wood) and their biochars produced by slow pyrolysis at 300°C and 500°C for soil amendment. Several physicochemical properties (electrical conductivity (EC), pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total organic matter content (C) total porosity (TP), total nitrogen (N), particle density (PD) and bulk density (BD)) were investigated. Comparison among feedstocks showed that the highest PD, BD and CEC were observed in WM (cow manure-pine wood). The pyrolysis process increased the PD, TP, N and monovalent cations and decreased EC, CEC and BD. Compared to the feedstock, pyrolysis increased the N content, but higher temperatures lowered the N content. Pyrolysis at 500°C reduced the EC, N, CEC and biochar yield by 18%, 13%, 21% and 24% respectively, compared to 300°C. Pyrolysis at 500°C increased the pH, Na+ and K+ by 17%, 12% and 22%, respectively, compared to 300°C. Considering the physicochemical properties of biochar and the costs, the bagasse-wood-rice (BWR) combination and temperature of 300°C are suggested for biochar production for soil amendment.

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Experimental Study of the Coproduction Technology of Straw and Excrement Ferment for Biogas and Organic Compound Fertilizer

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.520 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 512-515 ◽

pp. 520-526

Author(s):

Hang Zhou Yuan ◽

Quan Guo Zhang ◽

Yan Yan Jing ◽

Xiang Feng Zhang ◽

Yi Wang

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Gas Production ◽

Matter Content ◽

Organic Mass ◽

Nutritional Elements ◽

Compound Fertilizer ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

This paper used respective ratios of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of straw and pig excrement as raw materials to produce biogas and fertilizer. The test focused on gas production, the contents of available nutritional elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the organic matter content. The experimental results demonstrate the fermentation can produce more biogas, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic mass under the conditions which the fermentation cycle is 15 days and the ratio of straw and excrement is 70%.

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Standard magnetic properties in three mountain lakes of northern Iberia, ¿what is the influence of the major environmental processes?

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-8417 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Belén Oliva-Urcia ◽

Ana Moreno ◽

Blas Valero-Garcés

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Rock Magnetism ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Organic Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Magnetic Minerals ◽

Magnetic Signal ◽

Subtle Change ◽

Catchment Areas

Paleoenvironmental reconstructions from three mountaineous lakes located in northern Iberia are compared and completed with classical magnetic analyses in order to detect the influence of different processes on the record and preservation of magnetic properties. The lakes are located in the Cantabrian Mountains, Enol Lake, and in the Pyrenees, the Marbor&#233; Lake and Basa de la Mora Lake and share a similar composition of their catchment areas, dominated by limestones. They present other different characteristics, such as in the organic matter content, being Enol the one with the highest organic carbon values. Redox indicator (Mn/Fe) is higher and more variable in Basa de la Mora Lake, whereas in Enol and Marbor&#233; Lakes steadily increases towards the top of the sequences. New and revisited results from sedimentary cores unravel the significance of the magnetic changes respect to the geochemical and sedimentological variations found in the geological record.The magnetic mineralogy present after analyses done in discrete samples (less than 500 mg) is magnetite in all samples, due to a sharp decrease at 120 K (Verwey crystallographic transition) and 580&#186;C (Curie temperature of magnetite) in the thermomagnetic curves performed in the MPMS and the Curie balance respectively. No indication of neither pyrrhotite (phase transition at 35 K) nor siderite is observed. The high temperature thermomagnetic analyses show the presence and creation of magnetite during heating, see an increasing of induced magnetization forming a broad peak above 450&#186;C in the heating curve. In addition, a subtle change in the induced magnetization is observed at around 300&#186;C. All analyses related with coercivity indicate the predominance of low coercitive minerals (&#8220;soft&#8221;) as magnetite is.The combination of geochemical, sedimentological and magnetic proxies suggest that in Enol Lake the magnetic signal may be dominated by the formation of new minerals in relation to redox processes favored by the higher presence of organic matter (6%organic content), whereas in Marbor&#233; Lake, the increase of the magnetic signal toward the top of the sequence seems related to the oxic environment and the preservation of magnetite, since this lake is ultra-oligotrophic. In Basa de la Mora Lake, the source rock seems to play a role in the magnetic signal of the sequence.These results indicate that diagenesis and changes in the redox conditions alter the concentration of magnetic minerals during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene and underlines their value as environmental and paleoclimate archives.AcknowledgementsFunding for this research was provided by the Spanish Inter-Ministry Commission of Science and Technology through MEDLANT (CGL2016-76215-R) and DINAMO 3 (Ref CGL2015-69160-R) projects and by the European Commission (EFA056/15 REPLIM). The Institute for Rock Magnetism (IRM), the Instrumentation and Facilities program of the National Science Foundation of the Earth Science Division and the University of Minnesota are acknowledged for supporting visits and the free use of the facilities at the IRM, together with the both easy-going and expert guidance from the IRM staff.

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The Use of Fermentation Sludge as a Fertilizer in Agriculture

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1991.0368 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 33-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

A. B. Larsen ◽

F. H. Funch ◽

H. A. Hamilton

Keyword(s):

Fermentation Process ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Agricultural Products ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Different Types ◽

Materials Used ◽

Cycling Of Nutrients ◽

Made In

Novo Nordisk is one of the world's largest producers of enzymes, insulin and biopharmaceuticals. This production is based mainly on biotechnology and fermentation processes. The waste from the fermentation process is non-toxic, but due to the high content of nitrogen and phosphorus the waste can cause eutrophication if it is discharged in the marine environment. Novo Nordisk has developed a process in which the fermentation sludge, which constitutes a large part of the waste, is used as an organic fertilizer - NOVOsludge - in agriculture. The total amount of sludge is 500,000 m3/year, corresponding to 800,000 kg of nitrogen and 300,000 kg of phosphorus. Around 10,000 hectares of farmland benefit from this. Since a great proportion of the raw materials used in fermentation are based on agricultural products, this use is an example of re-cycling of nutrients. Investigations of the uptake of the nutrients in different types of crops are made in order to develop still more efficient uses. The system which has been developed has also contributed to new rules for the utilization of organic waste material.

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