A 22-Year-Old Woman from Bangladesh With Profuse Watery Diarrhoea

Acute gastroenteritis with persistent vomiting, high degree fever and blood streaking stools often suggests bacterial aetiology in children. Authors report a 13-year-old boy presenting with acute watery diarrhoea with persistent vomiting, fever of 103°F, abdominal cramps and blood streaking stools who failed to show any response to parenteral third-generation cephalosporin for 72 hours. The stool examination revealed numerous cystic and amoeboid forms of Blastocystis hominis. Metronidazole was started and the boy promptly responded within 24 hours. There was no recurrence of symptoms then onwards. The case highlights the crucial stool examination in case of acute diarrhoeal disease for rare aetiology.

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Cure of intractable watery diarrhoea by excision of a vipoma

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1002/bjs.1800650406 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 234-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Irvin M. Modlin ◽

Stephen R. Bloom ◽

A. Barnes ◽

R. B. Welbourn

Keyword(s):

Watery Diarrhoea

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Severe watery diarrhoea and bacteraemia caused by Vibrio fluvialis

Journal of Infection ◽

10.1016/j.jinf.2005.05.023 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. e95-e98 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

C LAI ◽

C HWANG ◽

C CHIN ◽

H LIN ◽

W WONG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Watery Diarrhoea ◽

Vibrio Fluvialis

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Perforazione ileale da febbre tifoide

Medico e Bambino pagine elettr ◽

10.53126/mebxxiv280 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (9) ◽

pp. 280-282

Author(s):

Margherita Piqué ◽

Elisabetta Ladisa ◽

Luca Brasili ◽

Giovanni Putoto ◽

Lorenzo Iughetti

Keyword(s):

Typhoid Fever ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Wound Dehiscence ◽

Exploratory Laparotomy ◽

Watery Diarrhoea ◽

Pelvic Cavity ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

General Malaise ◽

X Ray ◽

Clinical Conditions

Typhoid fever continues to be a major public health problem in developing countries and mortality is mainly related to its most frequent complication, namely: intestinal perforation. The paper presents the case of a 12-year-old girl with abdominal pain associated with watery diarrhoea, vomiting, fever and general malaise for two weeks. Typhoid fever was suspected, therefore therapy with ceftriaxone was started. Clinical conditions were worsening, so X-ray of the abdomen was performed with evidence of hydro-aerial levels and ultrasound showing abundant non-homogeneous echogenic material in the pelvic cavity, consistent with purulent ascites. Exploratory laparotomy was performed showing an isolated perforation of the ileus, which was sutured. In the postoperative period, antibiotic therapy was boosted with metronidazole and gentamicin. Due to the wound dehiscence, surgical revision with secondary tension sutures was necessary.

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Iron influences the expression of colonization factor CS6 of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Microbiology ◽

10.1099/mic.0.001089 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 167 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Debjyoti Bhakat ◽

Indranil Mondal ◽

Asish Kumar Mukhopadhyay ◽

Nabendu Sekhar Chatterjee

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Promoter Activity ◽

Iron Concentration ◽

Iron Chelation ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Watery Diarrhoea ◽

Rna Expression ◽

Iron Availability ◽

Iron Salt ◽

Ht 29

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major pathogen of acute watery diarrhoea. The pathogenicity of ETEC is linked to adherence to the small intestine by colonization factors (CFs) and secretion of heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) and/or heat-stable enterotoxin (ST). CS6 is one of the most common CFs in our region and worldwide. Iron availability functions as an environmental cue for enteropathogenic bacteria, signalling arrival within the human host. Therefore, iron could modify the expression of CS6 in the intestine. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of iron availability on CS6 expression in ETEC. This would help in understanding the importance of iron during ETEC pathogenesis. ETEC strain harbouring CS6 was cultured under increasing concentrations of iron salt to assess the effect on CS6 RNA expression by quantitative RT-PCR, protein expression by ELISA, promoter activity by β-galactosidase activity, and epithelial adhesion on HT-29 cells. RNA expression of CS6 was maximum in presence of 0.2 mM iron (II) salt. The expression increased by 50-fold, which also reduced under iron-chelation conditions and an increased iron concentration of 0.4 mM or more. The surface expression of CS6 also increased by 60-fold in presence of 0.2 mM iron. The upregulation of CS6 promoter activity by 25-fold under this experimental condition was in accordance with the induction of CS6 RNA and protein. This increased CS6 expression was independent of ETEC strains. Bacterial adhesion to HT-29 epithelial cells was also enhanced by five-fold in the presence of 0.2 mM iron salt. These findings suggest that CS6 expression is dependent on iron concentration. However, with further increases in iron concentration beyond 0.2 mM CS6 expression is decreased, suggesting that there might be a strong regulatory mechanism for CS6 expression under different iron concentrations.

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The impact of environmental lead exposure on Whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus): Pathological and immunohistochemical studies

BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE ◽

10.15547/bjvm.2019-0033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 119-135

Author(s):

M. S. Ahmed ◽

M. S. El-Neweshy

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Myocardial Necrosis ◽

Cerebral Haemorrhage ◽

Watery Diarrhoea ◽

Environmental Lead ◽

Cygnus A ◽

Bone Marrow Hypoplasia ◽

Immunohistochemical Studies ◽

Environmental Lead Exposure ◽

The Impact

This study was carried out to investigate the pathology of environmental lead (Pb) poisoning in Whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus). A number of 12 out 54 swans (22.2%) randomly collected from Honshu, Japan from June 2005 to July 2007 were affected with Pb poisoning. Affected swans showed stained vent with greenish watery diarrhoea and impacted crop. The presence of Pb shots in the gizzard (50%) was confirmed by X-ray, and all cases showed a dark greenish coloured liver. Microscopically, the pathology of Pb poisoning in swans was multisystemic. The severity of the lesions was the highest in the CNS followed by the liver, kidney, spleen, lungs, gizzard, heart, bone marrow respectively and was the least in the peripheral nervous system. CNS lesions were cerebral haemorrhage, malacia, and spongiosis with astrocytic activation and increased neurofilaments accumulations. In addition, there were hepatic and renal hemosiderosis and apoptosis, hepatic granuloma, interstitial pneumonia, gizzard and myocardial necrosis and bone marrow hypoplasia. Chemical analysis of the Pb content in liver and kidneys ranged from 8.18 to 60.6 µg/g, respectively. The extent and severity of lesions varied among individuals and were mostly dose-dependent. Finally, these findings improved the diagnostic procedure of Pb poisoning in free-living Whooper swans.

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A cluster of cholera among patients in a Vietnamese district hospital in 2010

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.3503 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 910-913 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thuan Huu Vo ◽

Ninh Hoang Le ◽

J. Pekka Nuorti ◽

Lan Trong Phan ◽

Nguyen Nhu Tran Minh

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Index Case ◽

District Hospital ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Positive Culture ◽

Watery Diarrhoea ◽

Health Staff ◽

Vibrio Cholera ◽

Public Health Staff ◽

Mode Of Transmission

On July 20, 2010, three cases of cholera were reported from a district hospital in Ca Mau province, Vietnam. We investigated the likely source and mode of transmission of the outbreak. All hospitals in the province were requested to notify cases of acute watery diarrhoea. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Between July 12 and 22, seven cases with positive culture for Vibrio cholera were identified. Six cases were epidemiologically linked to the index case. Basic infection control practices were not in place at the hospital. Clinicians and public health staff should consider the possibility of nosocomial cholera transmission even in non-endemic areas.

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