scholarly journals Reproducibility of 2016 ASE/EACVI algorithm for estimation of LV filling pattern: Not perfect but enough

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
A. Hubert ◽  
A. Coisne ◽  
Y. Bohbot ◽  
Y. Lavie-Badie ◽  
J. Dreyfus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Erik Berg ◽  
Börje Hellstadius ◽  
Mikael Lundfors ◽  
Per Engstrand

AbstractChemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) is often used in central layers of multiply paperboards due to its high bulk and strength. Such a CTMP should consist of well-separated undamaged fibres with sufficient bonding capacity. The basic objective of this work is to optimize process conditions in low-consistency (LC) refining, i. e. to select or ultimately develop new optimal LC refiner filling patterns, in order to produce fibrillar fines and improve the separation of fibres from each other while preserving the natural fibre morphology as much as possible. Furthermore, the aim is to evaluate if this type of work can be done at laboratory-scale or if it is necessary to run trials in pilot- or mill-scale in order to get relevant answers. First stage CTMP made from Norway spruce (Picea abies) was LC refined in mill-, pilot- and laboratory-scale trials and with different filling patterns. The results show that an LR1 laboratory refiner can favourably be used instead of larger refiners in order to characterize CTMP with regard to tensile index and z-strength versus bulk. A fine filling pattern resulted in CTMP with higher tensile index, z-strength and energy efficiency at maintained bulk compared to a standard filling pattern.


Author(s):  
B K Kleinschmidt-DeMasters

Abstract Few studies have focused on histological patterns of metastatic spread to the pituitary gland. We review our experience and that in the literature, 1970–present. Departmental cases, 1998–2021, were assessed for anterior versus posterior gland and/or capsular involvement and cohesive tumor obliterating underlying pituitary architecture versus metastatic cells filling pituitary acini with relative acinar preservation. Eleven autopsy/15 surgical cases, including 2 metastases to pituitary adenomas, were identified. Cohesive/obliterative patterns predominated histologically in both surgical and autopsy cases, but acinar filling by metastatic cells was extensive in 3/26 cases, focal in 5/26, and had resulted in initial erroneous impressions of atypical pituitary adenoma/pituitary carcinoma in 1 case and pituitary adenoma with apoplexy in another, likely due to focusing on necrotic areas in the specimen where the acinar pattern had been broken down and not appreciating nearby areas with acinar filling by metastatic cells. Although most pituitary metastases produce readily identifiable cohesive/obliterative patterns, diagnostic challenges remain with the less frequently seen “acinar filling” pattern. A dichotomy exists between patients with symptomatic pituitary metastases occurring early in the disease course and requiring surgical excision versus patients in whom asymptomatic small pituitary metastases are found incidentally at autopsy, the latter almost invariably in late disease stages, with widely disseminated metastatic disease.


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