Effects of herbicide and nitrogen fertilizer on non-target plant reproduction and indirect effects on pollination in Tanacetum vulgare (Asteraceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.L. Dupont ◽  
B. Strandberg ◽  
C. Damgaard
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Plant Reproduction ◽  
Tanacetum Vulgare ◽  
Target Plant

INDIRECT EFFECTS OF AN INTRODUCED UNGULATE ON POLLINATION AND PLANT REPRODUCTION

2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego P. Vázquez ◽  
Daniel Simberloff
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Plant Reproduction

scholarly journals A systematic review of the direct and indirect effects of herbivory on plant reproduction mediated by pollination

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9049
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Haas ◽  
Christopher J. Lortie
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Plant Reproduction ◽  
Floral Tissue ◽  
Stem Damage ◽  
Plant Herbivore ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Pollinator

Background Plant reproduction is influenced by the net outcome of plant–herbivore and plant–pollinator interactions. While both herbivore impacts and pollinator impacts on plant reproduction have been widely studied, few studies examine them in concert. Methodology Here, we review the contemporary literature that examines the net outcomes of herbivory and pollination on plant reproduction and the impacts of herbivores on pollination through damage to shared host plants using systematic review tools. The direct or indirect effects of herbivores on floral tissue and reported mechanisms were compiled including the taxonomic breadth of herbivores, plants and pollinators. Results A total of 4,304 studies were examined producing 59 relevant studies for synthesis that reported both pollinator and herbivore measures. A total of 49% of studies examined the impact of direct damage to floral tissue through partial florivory while 36% of studies also examined the impact of vegetative damage on pollination through folivory, root herbivory, and stem damage. Only three studies examined the effects of both direct and indirect damage to pollination outcomes within the same study. Conclusions It is not unreasonable to assume that plants often sustain simultaneous forms of damage to different tissues and that the net effects can be assessed through differences in reproductive output. Further research that controls for other relative drivers of reproductive output but examines more than one pathway of damage simultaneously will inform our understanding of the mechanistic relevance of herbivore impacts on pollination and also highlight interactions between herbivores and pollinators through plants. It is clear that herbivory can impact plant fitness through pollination; however, the relative importance of direct and indirect damage to floral tissue on plant reproduction is still largely unknown.

scholarly journals Herbicide impact on non-target plant reproduction: What are the toxicological and ecological implications?

2014 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Boutin ◽  
B. Strandberg ◽  
D. Carpenter ◽  
S.K. Mathiassen ◽  
P.J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Reproduction ◽  
Ecological Implications ◽  
Target Plant

Does Ego-Resilience Impact Friendship Outcomes?

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth B. Lozano ◽  
Mahzad Hojjat ◽  
Judith Sims-Knight
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Ego Resilience ◽  
Maintenance Behaviors ◽  
Received Social Support ◽  
Trait Resilience ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The present study examined the relationship between resilience and positive outcomes in friendships of young adults. SEM and bootstrapping analyses were performed to test whether positive emotions mediate the relationship between ego-resilience and enhanced friendship outcomes. Findings revealed indirect effects for friendship closeness, maintenance behaviors, and received social support. Our findings demonstrate the importance of positive emotions and its connection with trait resilience in the realm of friendships.

Interpersonal Stress and Poor Health

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette M. Aanes ◽  
Maurice B. Mittelmark ◽  
Jørn Hetland
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Total Effect ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Interpersonal Stress ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigated whether the lack of social connectedness, as measured by the subjective feeling of loneliness, mediates the well-known relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological distress. Furthermore, a relationship between interpersonal stress and somatic symptoms was hypothesized. The study sample included 3,268 women and 3,220 men in Western Norway. The main findings were that interpersonal stress was significantly related to psychological distress as well as to somatic symptoms, both directly and indirectly via paths mediated by loneliness. The size of the indirect effects varied, suggesting that the importance of loneliness as a possible mediator differs for depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and somatic symptoms. In the case of depressive symptoms, more than 75% of the total effect was mediated through loneliness, while in the case of somatic symptoms just over 40% of the total effect was mediated through loneliness. This study supports the hypotheses that social connectedness mediates a relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological distress. The study also provides the first link between interpersonal stress, as measured by the Bergen Social Relationships Scale, and somatic symptoms, extending earlier research on the relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological distress.

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