Interpersonal Stress and Poor Health

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette M. Aanes ◽  
Maurice B. Mittelmark ◽  
Jørn Hetland
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Total Effect ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Interpersonal Stress ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigated whether the lack of social connectedness, as measured by the subjective feeling of loneliness, mediates the well-known relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological distress. Furthermore, a relationship between interpersonal stress and somatic symptoms was hypothesized. The study sample included 3,268 women and 3,220 men in Western Norway. The main findings were that interpersonal stress was significantly related to psychological distress as well as to somatic symptoms, both directly and indirectly via paths mediated by loneliness. The size of the indirect effects varied, suggesting that the importance of loneliness as a possible mediator differs for depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and somatic symptoms. In the case of depressive symptoms, more than 75% of the total effect was mediated through loneliness, while in the case of somatic symptoms just over 40% of the total effect was mediated through loneliness. This study supports the hypotheses that social connectedness mediates a relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological distress. The study also provides the first link between interpersonal stress, as measured by the Bergen Social Relationships Scale, and somatic symptoms, extending earlier research on the relationship between interpersonal stress and psychological distress.

Religious Attendance, Religious Importance, and the Pathways to Depressive Symptoms in Men and Women Aged 50 and Over Living in Ireland

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 891-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Orr ◽  
Katy Tobin ◽  
Daniel Carey ◽  
Rose Anne Kenny ◽  
Christine McGarrigle
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Religious Attendance ◽  
Growth Curve Models ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Religious Importance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Objectives: We aimed to explore the relationship between religiosity and depressive symptoms longitudinally. Method: We used four waves (2009–2016) of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) to create growth curve models (GCM) of depressive symptoms and religious attendance/importance in a sample aged 50+ in Ireland and structural models to assess the longitudinal associations between religious attendance/importance and depressive symptoms. We tested whether this relationship was mediated by social connectedness. Results: GCM showed that higher religious attendance at baseline was associated with lower baseline depressive symptoms, while higher religious importance was associated with higher baseline depressive symptoms. Social connectedness partially mediated the baseline associations between religious attendance and lower depressive symptoms. There were no associations between religious factors and the development of depressive symptoms over time. Discussion: This study found that the relationship between religion and depressive symptoms is complex, and any protective effect was driven by religious attendance.

scholarly journals Can brief mindfulness practice be of benefit? Evidence from an evaluation of group Person-based Cognitive Therapy for depression

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Strauss ◽  
Gemma Luke ◽  
Mark Hayward ◽  
Fergal Jones
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Letting Go ◽  
Mindfulness Practices ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) was not intended for current depression, and lengthy mindfulness practices (≥30 min) can be challenging. Person-based cognitive therapy (PBCT) includes brief mindfulness practices (<10 min). While group PBCT can improve depressive symptoms whether benefits can be attributed to the brief practices is unclear. Twenty-eight participants with chronic major depression were randomly assigned to PBCT (n = 14) or treatment as usual (n = 14). Measures of mindfulness and depression were taken. Six PBCT participants were interviewed. Improvements in mindfulness in mediating the relationship between group and improvements in depressive symptoms just failed to reach statistical significance (95% confidence interval −0.97 to 14.84). Thematic analysis identified four themes: ‘altered relationship to symptoms’, ‘impact on self’, ‘the challenge of letting go’ and ‘effect of the group’. Although bootstrapped indirect effects were in the hypothesized direction they failed to reach statistical significance; this could be due to low power, but further research is needed. Qualitative themes support the potential of brief mindfulness practices and are similar to themes identified of mindfulness-based interventions with lengthier mindfulness practices. Findings suggest that some people experiencing current depression report benefit from the brief mindfulness practices included in PBCT but further research in larger samples is now needed.

Maternal Psychological Distress and Mother–Infant Relationship: Multiple-Birth Versus Singleton Preterm Infants

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaboni Whitney Gondwe ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Rosemary White-Traut ◽  
Diane Holditch-Davis
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Multiple Birth ◽  
Positive Mother ◽  
Maternal Psychological Distress ◽  
Child Vulnerability ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPurpose: Multiple preterm birth is associated with more maternal psychological distress and less positive mother–infant interactions than singleton preterm birth. This study’s purpose was to compare psychological distress and the relationship with their infants in mothers of multiples and mothers of singletons.Design: An exploratory secondary analysis of longitudinal data.Sample: 236 mothers and their preterm infants.Main outcome variables: Maternal psychological distress (depressive symptoms, anxiety, posttraumatic stress [PTS], parenting stress), the mother–infant relationship (worry; child vulnerability; maternal positive involvement and developmental stimulation; and child developmental maturity, irritability, and social behaviors), and the home environment.Results: Mothers of multiples had greater PTS symptoms at baseline, anxiety at discharge, and depressive symptoms at six months than mothers of singletons. Mothers of multiples also had more positive home environments at six months. Multiple birth was a risk factor for psychological distress but not for less positive mother–infant interactions.

scholarly journals Loneliness and Mental Health: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Social Support

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11963
Author(s):  
Elody Hutten ◽  
Ellen M. M. Jongen ◽  
Anique E. C. C. Vos ◽  
Anja J. H. C. van den Hout ◽  
Jacques J. D. M. van Lankveld
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorder ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Social connectedness is a fundamental human need. The Evolutionary Theory of Loneliness (ETL) predicts that a lack of social connectedness has long-term mental and physical health consequences. Social support is a potential mechanism through which loneliness influences health. The present cross-sectional study examined the relationship between loneliness and mental health, and the mediating effects of social support in a Dutch adult sample (N = 187, age 20 to 70). The health variables included in the study are anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms as measured by the SCL-90, and the DSM-5 diagnosis somatic symptom disorder. The results indicated that social support partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms. These results indicate that social support partially explains the relationship between loneliness and physical and mental health issues. The relationship between loneliness and being diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder was not mediated by social support. This suggests that the mechanisms through which loneliness relates to either somatic symptoms or somatic symptom disorder are different.

Unraveling pathways to depression in fibromyalgia, the role of perseverative negative thinking and negative affect

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S207-S207
Author(s):  
A.M. Pinto ◽  
C. Costa ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
M. Marques ◽  
J.A. Pereira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Perseverative Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionSeveral studies have demonstrated a strong link between fibromyalgia, negative affect (NA) and depression. However, it remains unclear why some fibromyalgia patients get depressed while others do not and, primarily, which mechanisms account for this difference. We hypothesize that, besides clinical features, the engagement in dysfunctional strategies like perseverative negative thinking (PNT) followed by an amplification of NA levels may increase the risk of fibromyalgia patients experiencing depressive symptoms.Objective/AimsTo explore the serial mediator effect of PNT and NA on the relationship between fibromyalgia symptoms and depressive symptoms.MethodsHundred and three women with fibromyalgia (mean age 47.32 ± 10.63) completed the Portuguese version of the Revised-Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire, Profile of Mood States and Beck Depression Inventory-II. The association between the variables was investigated via Pearson correlations and serial multiple mediation.ResultsThe estimated model was significant [F (3.86) = 57.318, P < .001] explaining 66.66% of depressive symptoms variance. The total effect of fibromyalgia symptoms on depressive symptoms was of .4998 (SE = 0.0795, P < 0.001; CI > 0.3417 and < 0.6578), with a significant direct effect of 0.1911 (SE = 0.0653; CI > 0.0614 and < 0.3209). The total indirect effects were of 0.3086 (SE = 0.0619; CI > 0.2033 < 0.4458). Three significant specific indirect effects were found.ConclusionThe effect of fibromyalgia symptoms on depressive symptoms is partially operated through cognitive interference/unproductiveness, which in turn influences NA levels. Such findings highlight the crucial role of these constructs in the relationship between fibromyalgia symptoms and depressive symptoms and the urge to address them when treating individuals reporting greater fibromyalgia symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Why not Seek Therapy? The Role of Stigma and Psychological Symptoms in College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (67) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makilim Nunes Baptista ◽  
Cristian Zanon
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The decision to seek therapy can reduce psychological distress and factors like public stigma, self stigma, fear of self exposure to therapist, among others, may constitute barriers in this process. This study investigated: how is the group of variables described in the literature as predictors of seeking therapy, and the relationship of variables associated with stigma and depressive symptoms, anxiogenic symptoms and stress with this search. For this purpose, 272 students responded scales that assessed these variables. The principal component analysis indicated four clusters of variables (symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress; feelings of shame, inadequacy and inhibition; perception of benefits to seek therapy; self stigma and stigma by the others). These components are hierarchically inserted into the multiple regression, indicating that the symptoms have little importance compared to the attitude of seeking therapy and stigmas.

The Role of Aspirations and Obligations in Explaining the Relationship between Identity Discrepancies and Psychological Distress

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1019-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Marcussen ◽  
Mary Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Identity Salience ◽  
Reflected Appraisals ◽  
Worker Identity ◽  
Development Of Identity ◽  
The Relationship

Using a national sample of adults, we examine the relationship between identity discrepancies and mental health in spouse and worker identities. Building on previous research, we predict that discrepancies between how individuals want to be with respect to a particular identity ( aspirations) and perceptions of how others view them in that identity ( reflected appraisals) will be associated with depressive symptoms. Alternatively, discrepancies between how individuals feels they should be ( obligations) and reflected appraisals will be associated with anxiety symptoms. We further examine whether identity salience moderates the relationship between discrepancies and distress. We find aspiration discrepancies are associated with depression as predicted in the spouse identity but not for the worker identity. With respect to obligation discrepancies, we find evidence for the predicted relationships for the spouse and worker identity only when identities are considered salient. We discuss the implications of our findings for the development of identity models of distress.

Depression, Hopelessness and Suicide in Chronic Schizophrenia

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Drake ◽  
Paul G. Cotton
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hospital Records ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
The Relationship

Hospital records for 104 schizophrenic patients, 15 of whom subsequently committed suicide, were rated blindly for individual depressive symptoms comprising DSM III major depressive episode, and for hopelessness. Our results indicate that a large proportion of schizophrenic patients experienced major depressive episodes, and that these can be reliably identified. Presuicidal schizophrenics also experienced depressed mood, but only a minority developed the full syndrome; they typically exhibited the psychological, but not somatic symptoms. The relationship between depression and suicide disappears when hopelessness is taken into account.

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