Nitrogen levels regulate intercropping-related mitigation of potential nitrate leaching

Strategic de-stocking in winter is a common management practice on dairy farms in Southland, New Zealand, to protect the soil against pugging damage. This paper examines whether this practice can also be used to reduce nitrate leaching losses. Model analyses and field measurements were used to estimate nitrate leaching losses and pasture production under two strategic de-stocking regimes: 3 months off-farm or 5 months on a feed pad with effluent collected and applied back to the land. The model analyses, based on the results of a long-term farmlet study under conventional grazing and on information for an average New Zealand farm, suggested that the 3- or 5-month de-stocking could reduce nitrate leaching losses by about 20% or 35-50%, respectively compared to a conventional grazing system. Field measurements on the Taieri Plain in Otago support these findings, although the results to date are confounded by drought conditions during the 1998 and 1999 seasons. The average nitrate concentration of the drainage water of a 5-month strategic de-stocking treatment was about 60% lower than under conventional grazing. Pasture production of the 5-month strategic de-stocking regime with effluent return was estimated based on data for apparent N efficiency of excreta patches versus uniformlyspread farm dairy effluent N. The results suggested that a strategic de-stocking regime could increase pasture production by about 2 to 8%. A cost/ benefit analysis of the 5-month de-stocking system using a feed pad, comparing additional capital and operational costs with additional income from a 5% increase in DM production, show a positive return on capital for an average New Zealand dairy farm. This suggests that a strategic destocking system has good potential as a management tool to reduce nitrate leaching losses in nitrate sensitive areas whilst being economically viable, particularly on farms where an effluent application system or a feed pad are already in place. Keywords: dairying, feed pads, nitrate leaching, nitrogen efficiency, productivity, strategic de-stocking

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Yield and Seed quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as affected by variety, nitrogen level and harvesting time

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE ◽

10.24297/jaa.v2i2.4250 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 93-100

Author(s):

Shahnaj Yesmina ◽

Moushumi Akhtarb ◽

Belal Hossain

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Nitrogen Level ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Harvesting Time ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Vigour Index

The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of variety, nitrogen level and harvesting time on yield and seed quality of barley. The treatments used in the experiment consisted of two varieties viz. BARI Barley 4 and BARI Barley 5, three harvesting time viz. 35, 40 and 45 Days after Anthesis (DAA) and nitrogen levels viz. 0, 70, 85 and 100 kg N ha-1 . The experiment was laid out in a spilt- spilt-plot design with three replications assigning the variety to the main plot, harvesting time to the sub-plots and nitrogen level to the sub-sub plots. Variety had significant effects on the all yield attributes except fertile seeds spike-1 . Seed quality parameters viz. normal seeds spike-1 , deformed seeds spike-1 , germination (%) and vigour index were statistically significant. The variety BARI Barley 5 produced higher grain yield and seed quality than BARI Barley 4. Grain yield from BARI Barley 5 and BARI Barley 4 were 4.59 t ha-1 and 4.24 t ha-1 , respectively. Significantly, the highest 1000-seed weight (46.90 g) was produced by BARI Barley 5 than (37.90 g) BARI Barley 4. The result revealed that harvesting time had significant effect on yield and yield attributes and seed quality parameters. Seed yield was highest (4.65 t ha-1 ) when the crop harvested at 40 DAA and it was increased linearly from 35 DAA. Maximum quality seed and 1000-seed weight (43.20 g) was obtained when the crop harvested at 40 DAA. All the yields, yield attributes and seed quality parameters were significantly influenced by nitrogen levels. The highest grain yield (5.14 t ha-1 ) was obtained when BARI Barley 5 variety was fertilized by 100 kg N ha-1 and the lowest (3.14 t ha-1 ) was obtained from control treatments. Normal seeds spike-1 , vigour index, germination (%) were better at 85 kg N ha-1 in variety of BARI Barley 5 than BARI Barley 4. So it can be concluded that BARI Barley 5 showed better result when fertilized with 100 kg N ha-1 and harvested at 40 DAA for getting maximum yield and 85 kg N ha-1 and harvested at 40 DAA for getting better quality seed.

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Agronomic performance of autumn- and winter-cropped Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in response to varying levels of nitrogen fertiliser

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae ◽

10.24917/25438832.5.6 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 83-95

Author(s):

Bent Al-Hoda Asghari ◽

Mohsen Yousefi ◽

Katarzyna Możdżeń ◽

Joanna Puła ◽

Peiman Zandi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Cropping Seasons

Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern) cultivation is suggested for regions with short seasons and low rainfall. Although there have been many studies conducted on agronomic production of mustard in Iran, the information regarding the interactive impact of cropping seasons and nitrogen fertiliser on growth characteristics and yield quality of mustard plant is still insufficient and requires further investigation. This study focused on the possible implications of different cropping seasons and different nitrogen levels on selected agronomic traits in mustard. In this experiment, five different doses of nitrogen and two sowing periods were used to assess for their combined effects on the growth parameters, seed yield and agronomic characteristics of mustard in the semi-arid climatic conditions of Takestan. The results revealed that cultivation seasons and nitrogen rates had a significant effect on plant height, biomass yield, number of siliques per plant, seed oil content and seed yield.

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Effect of Urea at Different Nitrogen Levels on Digestibility and on Performance of Growing Steers Fed Low Quality Flood Meadow Roughage

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jas1963.222330x ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 330-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

R. J. Raleigh ◽

Joe D. Wallace

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Levels

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SUPERMET 2205

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss0903 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Ferritic Stainless Steels ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Temperature Performance ◽

Low Temperature Performance

Abstract Supermet 2205 is a manual metal arc (MMA) electrode with enhanced chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen levels. It is used for welding standard 22% Cr duplex austenitic/ferritic stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, microstructure, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on low temperature performance as well as joining. Filing Code: SS-903. Producer or source: Metrode Products Ltd.

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