Tree plantation and soil water conservation enhances climate resilience and carbon sequestration of agro ecosystem in semi-arid degraded ravine lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 107857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar ◽  
P.R. Bhatnagar ◽  
Vijay Kakade ◽  
Sneha Dobhal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Tree Plantation ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Preferential water flow through decayed root channels enhances soil water infiltration: Evaluation in distinct vegetation types under semi-arid conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao-Lin Wu ◽  
Manuel López‐Vicente ◽  
Ze Huang ◽  
Zeng Cui ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Tree Plantation ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Caragana Korshinskii ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. Topsoil desiccation alters soil physical characteristics and seriously limits plant growth in semi-arid and arid areas. The phenomenon of dried soil layer has generated increasing attention, but the process of preferential flow through decayed root channels – when the plants decompose after death – and its benefits on soil water supply in the soil dry layers are rarely evaluated. This study examines the effects of root channels on soil infiltrability in three contrasted vegetation types developed in a loessial soil, namely: Scrubland (Caragana korshinskii), fruit tree plantation (Armeniaca vulgaris) and grassland (Medicago sativa; using data from a previous study); setting bare land as control. The infiltration rates of the alive and decayed specimens were measured using a double-ring infiltrometer, and methylene blue allowed us to trace the pathways of water flow. Results indicated that scrubland species had the highest steady infiltration rates, which were about 23 % and 83 % higher than those rates measured in the fruit tree plantation and grasslands, respectively. Regarding root geometry, the steady infiltration rates were significantly and positively correlated with the average root channel diameter (ARCD) and area (RCA). Under the same root diameter conditions, soil water infiltrability significantly improved in the decayed root plots and compared with the alive root plots. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the effects of root channels of different degraded vegetation types on soil moisture and infiltrability, which are conductive to provide knowledge base in the research of hydrological processes in degraded soils in water-scarce regions.

Peach response to water deficit in a semi-arid region

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Paltineanu ◽  
L. Septar ◽  
C. Moale ◽  
S. Nicolae ◽  
C. Nicola
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Future Global Warming ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract During three years a deficit irrigation experiment was performed on peach response under the semi-arid conditions of south-eastern Romania. Three sprinkler-irrigated treatments were investigated: fully irrigated, deficit irrigation treatment, and non-irrigated control treatment. Soil water content ranged between 60 and 76% of the plant available soil water capacity in fully irrigated, between 40 and 62% in deficit irrigation treatment, and between 30 and 45% in control. There were significant differences in fruit yield between the treatments. Irrigation water use efficiency was maximum in deficit irrigation treatment. Fruit yield correlated significantly with irrigation application. Total dry matter content, total solids content and titrable acidity of fruit were significantly different in the irrigated treatments vs. the control. Significant correlation coefficients were found between some fruit chemical components. For the possible future global warming conditions, when water use becomes increasingly restrictive, deficit irrigation will be a reasonable solution for water conservation in regions with similar soil and climate conditions.

SOIL WATER CONSERVATION, GROWTH, YIELD AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF SORGHUM AS AFFECTED BY LAND CONFIGURATION AND WOOD-SHAVINGS MULCH IN SEMI-ARID NORTHEAST NIGERIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. CHIROMA ◽  
O. A. FOLORUNSO ◽  
A. B. ALHASSAN
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Northeast Nigeria

Water is perhaps the most important single factor that limits crop production in the semi-arid northeast of Nigeria. A four-year field experiment was therefore initiated in 1999 to evaluate the influence of land configuration practices with or without wood-shavings mulch on water conservation, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of sorghum. The experimental treatments consisted of flat bed (FB), open ridging (OR), tied ridging (TR), FB + mulch (FBM), OR + mulch (ORM), and TR + mulch (TRM). Ridge heights were 15 to 20 cm and furrows were left open (for OR and ORM) or tied (for TR and TRM). Wood-shavings mulch was used at the rate of 5 t ha−1 in 1999, but this was increased to 10 t ha−1 in subsequent years to ensure adequate soil coverage. Differences in soil water storage at various sampling dates were significant only in some cases in each year, but trends were towards greater soil water storage in the mulched treatments than in the non-mulched treatments, irrespective of tillage method. Growth parameters (plant height and leaf area index) indicated significant differences between treatments on only some measurement dates in each year. Sorghum water use varied significantly between years and treatments. Seasonal water use was greater with FBM, ORM and TRM than with the FB treatment in all cropping seasons. Averaged over the four-year period, mean increases in grain yield relative to the FB treatment were 16 % for OR, 25 % for TR, 77 % for FBM, 50 % for ORM and 57 % for TRM. Pooled across the experimental years, the WUE (ET) of FB, OR, TR, FBM, ORM and TRM were 1.95, 2.12, 2.13, 2.74, 2.36 and 2.48 kg ha−1 mm−1 respectively. The corresponding WUE(R) values for these treatments were 1.26, 1.46, 1.56, 2.22, 1.88 and 1.97 kg ha−1 mm−1 respectively. It is concluded that combining the practice of flat bed cultivation with mulching may eliminate the need for ridging in increasing the productivity of sorghum grain in semi-arid northeast Nigeria.

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