Organic farm waste management in degraded banana-coffee-based farming systems in NW Tanzania

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of various microbial compost cultures for aerobic-composting of farm wastes. Place of Study: Three trials were conducted on farmer’s field and one at Krishi Vigyana Kendra (KVK) Ramanagara district. Methodology: During the composting process, days to compost, maturity in terms of changes in temperature, pH and composting dynamics were studied. Compost quality parameters such as macro and micro-nutrients and C:N ratio and stability of the compost were recorded at different intervals. Results: The results showed that the compost culture from IIHR and UASB had taken 90 and 105 days respectively, for complete stabilization; further had relatively higher temperature and pH during the initial phase and reached ambient condition at maturity stage, C:N ratio has showed gradual reduction from 39.65 to 15.98 and 39.75 to 13.66% respectively in IIHR and UASB cultures, they also had high macro, secondary and micro nutrients(IIHR-1.55% N, 0.93% P, 0.95% K, 4.39% Ca, 0.69% Mg, 0.19%S, 930 ppm Fe, 10ppm Cu, 305ppm Mn, 82ppm Zn, 26 ppm B UASB-1.59% N, 0.91% P, 0.97% K, 4.25%Ca, 0.88% Mg, 0.21%S, 948 ppm Fe, 9ppm Cu, 325ppm Mn, 93ppm Zn, 28ppm B) content and resulted in more compost production ( 3.3 and 2.8 t/year, respectively) with B:C ratio of 6.67 and 7.25 respectively when compared to NCOF (T3) and farmers practice (T4). Conclusion: Aerobic-composting of farm waste using microbial culture of UASB and IIHR proved to be an effective technology that aids to convert organic farm waste into valuable organic manure with an advantage of minimizing the environmental contamination associated with burning of residues.

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Traditional and Adapted Composting Practices Applied in Smallholder Banana-Coffee-Based Farming Systems: Case Studies from Kagera and Morogoro Regions, Tanzania

Organic Waste Composting through Nexus Thinking ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-36283-6_8 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 165-184

Author(s):

Anika Reetsch ◽

Didas Kimaro ◽

Karl-Heinz Feger ◽

Kai Schwärzel

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Available Nutrients ◽

Uluguru Mountains ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

African Rift ◽

Economic Analyses ◽

The 1960S ◽

Farm Waste

AbstractIn Tanzania, about 90% of the banana-coffee-based farming systems lie in the hands of smallholder farmer families. In these systems, smallholder farmers traditionally add farm waste to crop fields, making soils rich in organic matter (humus) and plant-available nutrients. Correspondingly, soils remained fertile during cultivation for over a century. Since the 1960s, the increasing demand for food and biofuels of a growing population has resulted in an overuse of these farming systems, which has occurred in tandem with deforestation, omitted fallows, declined farm size, and soil erosion. Hence, humus and nutrient contents in soils have decreased and soils gradually degraded. Inadequate use of farm waste has led to a further reduction in soil fertility, as less organic material is added to the soils for nutrient supply than is removed during harvesting. Acknowledging that the traditional use of farm waste successfully built up soil fertility over a century and has been reduced in only a few decades, we argue that traditional composting practices can play a key role in rebuilding soil fertility, if such practices are adapted to face the modern challenges. In this chapter, we discuss two cases in Tanzania: one on the traditional use of compost in the Kagera region (Great African Rift Valley) and another about adapted practices to produce compost manure in the Morogoro region (Uluguru Mountains). Both cases refer to rainfed, smallholder banana-coffee-based farming systems. To conclude, optimised composting practices enable the replenishment of soil nutrients, increase the capacity of soils to store plant-available nutrients and water and thus, enhance soil fertility and food production in degraded banana-coffee-based farming systems. We further conclude that future research is needed on a) nutrient cycling in farms implementing different composting practices and on b) socio-economic analyses of farm households that do not successfully restore soil fertility through composting.

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Agricultural Smells from Livestock Farms—Farm Waste Management

Agricultural Wastes ◽

10.1016/0141-4607(86)90011-9 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 173-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.R. Evans

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Livestock Farms ◽

Farm Waste

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Modern Concept of Farm Waste Management

Recent Research Trends in Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry ◽

10.22271/ed.book01.a07 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 87-95

Author(s):

Shweta Choudhary ◽

Vikas Choudhary ◽

Neelam Kumari Faran ◽

Vikas Kumar ◽

Kavita Rohlan

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Modern Concept ◽

Farm Waste

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Effect of Different Animal Organic Manures on the Biometric and Nutrient Parameters of Coriandrum sativumL

EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) ◽

10.36713/epra7522 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 515-532

Author(s):

Maria Puspham Grace.M ◽

Rajithra.R ◽

V.Ilakkiya ◽

Dr. B. Dhanalakshmi

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Management ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Coriandrum Sativum ◽

Garden Soil ◽

Experimental Plant ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Organic Farm

In recent years, use of livestock manure and marine bio-waste has been advocated in integrated nutrient management (INM) system in vegetable crops. Poultry manure is an excellent organic fertilizer, is concentrated source of nitrogen and other essential nutrients. In the present study the culinary herb Coriandrum sativum which has medicinal property was selected as experimental plant whose biometric parameters were analyzed in different treatment pots amended with different organic poultry and fish manure. The productivity of Coriander is influenced by several factors such as soil, varieties, fertilizer management, and also various agro techniques used for growing crop. With this context in the present experimental study two animal wastes converted to organic manure by Eudrilus eugeniae-Worm into poultry and fish manure in organic farm of Rajapalayam District was purchased and amended in 2kg garden soil in selected ratios namely 25% (T2), 50%(T3),75%(T4) and 100%(T5). (T1) was maintained as control in which no amendment was made. Corainder seed were purchased from TNAU, Coimbatore. The experimental findings pertaining to the present investigation reveals the effect of poultry manure has been higher than fish manure on the growth parameters and NPK of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). So the ultimate goal is to develop farming systems that are productive, energy conserving, environmentally sound conserving of natural resources such as soil and water and thus ensure food safety and quality. KEYWORDS: Manure, Coriander, Poultry and Eudrilus euginae

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Harnessing Synergistic Biostimulatory Processes: A Plausible Approach for Enhanced Crop Growth and Resilience in Organic Farming

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology11010041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Md. Nasir Hossain Sani ◽

Jean W. H. Yong

Keyword(s):

Organic Farming ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Plant Interactions ◽

Stimulatory Action ◽

Organic Farm ◽

Critical Yield

Demand for organically grown food crops is rising substantially annually owing to their contributions to human health. However, organic farm production is still generally lower compared to conventional farming. Nutrient availability, content consistency, uptake, assimilation, and crop responses to various stresses were reported as critical yield-limiting factors in many organic farming systems. In recent years, plant biostimulants (BSs) have gained much interest from researchers and growers, and with the objective of integrating these products to enhance nutrient use efficiency (NUE), crop performance, and delivering better stress resilience in organic-related farming. This review gave an overview of direct and indirect mechanisms of microbial and non-microbial BSs in enhancing plant nutrient uptake, physiological status, productivity, resilience to various stressors, and soil-microbe-plant interactions. BSs offer a promising, innovative and sustainable strategy to supplement and replace agrochemicals in the near future. With greater mechanistic clarity, designing purposeful combinations of microbial and non-microbial BSs that would interact synergistically and deliver desired outcomes in terms of acceptable yield and high-quality products sustainably will be pivotal. Understanding these mechanisms will improve the next generation of novel and well-characterized BSs, combining microbial and non-microbial BSs strategically with specific desired synergistic bio-stimulatory action, to deliver enhanced plant growth, yield, quality, and resilience consistently in organic-related cultivation.

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