Exploring the effect of tillers on the water economy, plant growth and kernel set of low-density maize crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 106424
Author(s):  
Diego Hernán Rotili ◽  
L. Gabriela Abeledo ◽  
Peter deVoil ◽  
Daniel Rodríguez ◽  
Gustavo Ángel Maddonni
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Water Economy ◽  
Kernel Set

scholarly journals Effect of Water Economy on Plant Growth 3

1960 ◽  
Vol 73 (868) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsumugu TOTSUKA ◽  
Tetsuo OSHIMA ◽  
Masami MONSI
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Economy ◽  
Effect Of Water

Kernel weight dependence upon plant growth at different grain-filling stages in maize and sorghum

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda L. Gambín ◽  
Lucas Borrás ◽  
María E. Otegui
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Kernel Number ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Simple Estimate ◽  
Kernel Set ◽  
Grain Filling Period

In the present study we tested how assimilate availability per kernel at different grain-filling stages may affect maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) individual kernel weight (KW). These two species have shown a contrasting KW response to increased assimilate availability at similar seed developmental stages. Plant growth rate (PGR) per kernel was used to estimate the assimilate availability per kernel at two stages: around the early grain-filling period when kernel number per plant is also being established, and around the effective grain-filling period. We tested 3 commercial genotypes from each species, and modified the PGR by thinning or shading the stand at different developmental stages. In both species, each genotype showed a particular relationship between PGR around flowering and kernel number, which gave a range of responses in the PGR per kernel set around flowering. Final KW always increased whenever PGR per kernel around flowering was enhanced. Only sorghum showed a consistent KW increase when PGR per kernel during the effective grain-filling period was enhanced. Results confirmed that increasing assimilate availability per kernel will affect maize kernel size only if the potential set early in development is altered. Most important, we showed that linking specific KW sensibility across species at different seed developmental stages using a simple estimate of assimilate availability per seed (i.e. PGR per kernel) at each grain-filling stage helped explain most of the explored genotypic and environmental variability in final kernel size.

Crop Growth, Development and Yield in Semi-arid Conditions in Botswana. II. The Effects of Intercropping Sorghum Bicolor with Vigna Unguiculata

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Rees
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Semi Arid

SUMMARYPlant growth, development and yield were monitored in sorghum/cowpea intercropping trials in Botswana during the drought seasons of 1982/3 and 1983/4. The cowpea proved to be more competitive than sorghum in these arid conditions, resulting in substantial increases in sorghum mortality and developmental delay, and substantial decreases in sorghum leaf area indices, dry weight production and grain yield. Intercropping in standard rows at medium plant densities resulted in Land Equivalent Ratios considerably less than 1.0, in contrast to earlier trials in Botswana in higher rainfall years which demonstrated intercropping advantages. Low density, wide row intercropping resulted in some small intercropping advantages, suggesting that this treatment may have potential in Botswana's variable climatic conditions.

Vegetable Crop Response to EPTC Applied Preemergence Under Low-Density Polyethylene and High Barrier Plastic Mulch

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah D. Wallace ◽  
A. Stanley Culpepper ◽  
Andrew W. MacRae ◽  
Lynn M. Sosnoskie ◽  
Timothy L. Grey
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Alternative System ◽  
Phase Out

The continued phase-out of methyl bromide (MBr) challenges vegetable growers' abilities to control weeds in plasticulture production. Herbicides, such as EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate), may be needed as part of a MBr alternative system. An experiment was conducted during the springs of 2008 and 2009 in Ty Ty, GA, to determine tomato, pepper, eggplant, and watermelon tolerance to EPTC applied under mulch. Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of four rates of EPTC (0, 2, 3, or 4 kg ai ha−1) and two plastic mulch types (low density polyethylene [LDPE] mulch or a high barrier mulch [HBM]). Each crop was planted 28 d after applying herbicides and laying mulch. EPTC, regardless of rate, applied under LDPE mulch did not impact plant growth, fruit number produced, or fruit weights for any crop. Conversely, pepper, tomato, and eggplant heights were reduced 65 to 72%, 30 to 75%, and 9 to 32%, respectively, by EPTC at 2 to 4 kg ai ha−1when applied under HBM. Similar trends were observed for crop yield; fruit number and weight were reduced by 71 to 84% for pepper, 36 to 76% for tomato, and 7 to 15% for eggplant when EPTC was applied at 2 to 4 kg ai ha−1as compared to the no EPTC HBM control. Watermelon stem lengths, fruit number, and fruit weights were not impacted by EPTC applied under HBM mulch. It appears as though HBMs reduce the loss of EPTC through volatilization, thereby increasing the dose present at time of planting. EPTC could be included as part of a MBr alternative system for tomato, pepper, eggplant, and watermelon when applied under LDPE mulch, and may also be applied at labeled rates with the HBM utilized in this experiment for watermelon.

scholarly journals Maize reproductive development and kernel set under limited plant growth environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (13) ◽  
pp. 3235-3243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Borrás ◽  
Lucas N Vitantonio-Mazzini
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Kernel Set

scholarly journals Effect of Water Economy on Plant Growth I

1959 ◽  
Vol 72 (855) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsumugu TOTSUKA ◽  
Masami MONSI
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Economy ◽  
Effect Of Water

Application of Improved Voltage Compensation in the SEM to Imaging of Organic Materials

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 444-445
Author(s):  
P.J. Killingworth ◽  
M. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Incident Electron Beam ◽  
Specimen Material ◽  
Voltage Compensation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ultimate resolution in the scanning electron microscope is determined not only by the diameter of the incident electron beam, but by interaction of that beam with the specimen material. Generally, while minimum beam diameter diminishes with increasing voltage, due to the reduced effect of aberration component and magnetic interference, the excited volume within the sample increases with electron energy. Thus, for any given material and imaging signal, there is an optimum volt age to achieve best resolution.In the case of organic materials, which are in general of low density and electric ally non-conducting; and may in addition be susceptible to radiation and heat damage, the selection of correct operating parameters is extremely critical and is achiev ed by interative adjustment.

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