Demand-based water allocation in irrigation systems using mechanism design: A case study from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 107075
Author(s):  
Wasim Hassan ◽  
Talha Manzoor ◽  
Hassan Jaleel ◽  
Abubakr Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Irrigation Systems

Design of water allocation model: efficiency and risk aspects

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
C. Kim ◽  
D. Han
Keyword(s):  
Water Allocation ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Proportional Allocation ◽  
Model Efficiency ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Water Allocation Model ◽  
Allocation Methods

The primary objective of this study is to improve the methodology for water allocation focused on efficiency and risk aspects. To attain the primary objective, this study sets up an objective function to maximize social expected benefits, and considers three types of allocation methods. Three types of allocation methods are optimal, proportional, and fixed allocation between regions and service sectors. The results of case study area shows that the fixed allocation method is preferred to the proportional allocation in most cases except that the variance of flow is small with respect to efficiency. Also, efficient and less-risky allocation is simultaneously obtained in some cases, while efficiency and risk show the relation of trade-off in other cases.

scholarly journals System Dynamics-Multiple Objective Optimization Model for Water Resource Management: A Case Study in Jiaxing City, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Zhou ◽  
Feier Wang ◽  
Kuan Huang ◽  
Huichun Zhang ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Multiple Objective ◽  
Multiple Objective Optimization ◽  
Model Framework

Predicting and allocating water resources have become important tasks in water resource management. System dynamics and optimal planning models are widely applied to solve individual problems, but are seldom combined in studies. In this work, we developed a framework involving a system dynamics-multiple objective optimization (SD-MOO) model, which integrated the functions of simulation, policy control, and water allocation, and applied it to a case study of water management in Jiaxing, China to demonstrate the modeling. The predicted results of the case study showed that water shortage would not occur at a high-inflow level during 2018–2035 but would appear at mid- and low-inflow levels in 2025 and 2022, respectively. After we made dynamic adjustments to water use efficiency, economic growth, population growth, and water resource utilization, the predicted water shortage rates decreased by approximately 69–70% at the mid- and low-inflow levels in 2025 and 2035 compared to the scenarios without any adjustment strategies. Water allocation schemes obtained from the “prediction + dynamic regulation + optimization” framework were competitive in terms of social, economic and environmental benefits and flexibly satisfied the water demands. The case study demonstrated that the SD-MOO model framework could be an effective tool in achieving sustainable water resource management.

scholarly journals Decision Support for the (Inter-)Basin Management of Water Resources Using Integrated Hydro-Economic Modeling

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Gerald Norbert Souza da Silva ◽  
Márcia Maria Guedes Alcoforado de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Study Results

The development of adequate modeling at the basin level to establish public policies has an important role in managing water resources. Hydro-economic models can measure the economic effects of structural and non-structural measures, land and water management, ecosystem services and development needs. Motivated by the need of improving water allocation using economic criteria, in this study, a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) with a hydro-economic optimization model (HEAL system) was developed and used for the identification and analysis of an optimal economic allocation of water resources in a case study: the sub-middle basin of the São Francisco River in Brazil. The developed SDSS (HEAL system) made the economically optimum allocation available to analyze water allocation conflicts and trade-offs. With the aim of providing a tool for integrated economic-hydrological modeling, not only for researchers but also for decision-makers and stakeholders, the HEAL system can support decision-making on the design of regulatory and economic management instruments in practice. The case study results showed, for example, that the marginal benefit function obtained for inter-basin water transfer, can contribute for supporting the design of water pricing and water transfer decisions, during periods of water scarcity, for the well-being in both basins.

Solar-driven water pump with organic Rankine cycle for pressurized irrigation systems: a case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 100960
Author(s):  
K. Shahverdi ◽  
Evangelos Bellos ◽  
Reyhaneh Loni ◽  
G. Najafi ◽  
Z. Said
Keyword(s):  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Pressurized Irrigation

Determinants of water purchases by pistachio producers in an informal groundwater market: a case study from Iran

Water Policy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinoush Jamali Jaghdani ◽  
Bernhard Brümmer
Keyword(s):  
Water Allocation ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Water Markets ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Participation Decision ◽  
Eastern Iran ◽  
Scarce Water

Market-based water allocation systems have the potential to ensure that scarce water will flow to the user who earns the highest marginal value from that water. However, the number of recorded instances where water supply problems are solved by market-based systems remains limited. This study attempts to identify the decisive factors that motivate farmers’ participation in informal spot water markets in the Rafsanjan aquifer in south-eastern Iran. A two-stage random sampling was carried out in a field survey from November 2008 to February 2009. A logit model is used to test the factors affecting farmers’ decisions to buy groundwater from neighbours who share the same pump. The results show that the technological variables contribute substantially to the participation decision. For example, a decrease in water quality, an increase in the age of the garden, and an increase in the size of the water quota reduce the probability of participation. In contrast, more scattered plots, a higher water flow level from pumping, and a deeper well increase the probability of participation in water markets. Finally, the results suggest that in this area, the participation in water markets is motivated more by profit increasing factors than by farmer socioeconomic characteristics.

Irrigation in the Medieval Islamic Fayyum: Local Control in a Large-Scale Hydraulic System

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yossef Rapoport ◽  
Ido Shahar
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Local Control ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Islamic Period ◽  
Distinctive Aspect

Abstract Because of the unique set of sources available, the Fayyum in Middle Egypt offers a unique case study of large-scale irrigation from antiquity to the Islamic period. A close reading of a cadastral survey of the province from 641/1243-4 shows that the distinctive aspect of the Islamic period was the local control of water supply and management. Drawing on the engineering experience of the villagers, water allocation and management in the gravity-fed canals of the Fayyum were in the hands of iqṭāʿ holders and tribal groups along the main canals, a pattern similar to that which pertained in mediaeval al-Andalus.

Elastic Averaging in Flexure Mechanisms: A Muliti-Beam Parallelogram Flexure Case-Study

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shorya Awtar ◽  
Edip Sevincer
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Nonlinear Load ◽  
Geometric Imperfections ◽  
Geometric Imperfection ◽  
Flexure Mechanism ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Geometric Arrangements

Over-constraint is an important concern in mechanism design because it can lead to a loss in desired mobility. In distributed-compliance flexure mechanisms, this problem is alleviated due to the phenomenon of elastic averaging, thus enabling performance-enhancing geometric arrangements that are otherwise unrealizable. The principle of elastic averaging is illustrated in this paper by means of a multi-beam parallelogram flexure mechanism. In a lumped-compliance configuration, this mechanism is prone to over-constraint in the presence of nominal manufacturing and assembly errors. However, with an increasing degree of distributed-compliance, the mechanism is shown to become more tolerant to such geometric imperfections. The nonlinear load-stiffening and elasto-kinematic effects in the constituent beams have an important role to play in the over-constraint and elastic averaging characteristics of this mechanism. Therefore, a parametric model that incorporates these nonlinearities is utilized in predicting the influence of a representative geometric imperfection on the primary motion stiffness of the mechanism. The proposed model utilizes a beam generalization so that varying degrees of distributed compliance are captured using a single geometric parameter.

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