Normal values of cervical vertebral measurements according to age and sex in CT

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhad Omercikoglu ◽  
Erhan Altunbas ◽  
Haldun Akoglu ◽  
Ozge Onur ◽  
Arzu Denizbasi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Normal Ranges of Upper Extremity Length, Circumference, and Rate of Growth in the Pediatric Population

Hand ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-721
Author(s):  
Tyler Edmond ◽  
Alexandra Laps ◽  
Alexandria L. Case ◽  
Nathan O’Hara ◽  
Joshua M. Abzug
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Forearm Length ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Upper extremity length and circumference abnormalities are present in a number of conditions in the pediatric population. In most cases, upper limb hypoplasia and hypertrophy are diagnosed when one limb appears substantially different from the other during physical examination. However, occasionally when this discrepancy exists, it can be difficult to determine which limb is the abnormal one. The purpose of this study was to establish normal values for upper extremity length, circumference, and rate of growth in children aged 0 to 17 years. Methods: In all, 377 participants had 4 measurements taken of each upper extremity: upper arm length, upper arm circumference, forearm length, and forearm circumference. Statistical analysis was performed to identify differences and rates of growth. Results: Mean values for arm and forearm length and circumference for each age, 0 to 17 years, were established. The determination of a child’s expected arm length is dependent on his or her height, age, and sex, while the calculation of a child’s expected forearm length depends on his or her weight, age, and sex. Male and female arms and forearms have similar growth rates of lengths and circumferences. No significant differences were found between right and left extremities for each of the 4 measurements taken. Conclusions: Contralateral limbs can be used for comparison of length and circumference of the arm and forearm in cases of unilateral upper extremity abnormality. The establishment of normal values for upper extremity length, circumference, and growth rate will be a useful diagnostic tool for upper extremity hypoplasia and hypertrophy.

scholarly journals Orthodontics is temporomandibular disorder–neutral

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Manfredini ◽  
Edoardo Stellini ◽  
Antonio Gracco ◽  
Luca Lombardo ◽  
Luca Guarda Nardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT Objectives:  To assess if subjects with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have a similar prevalence of orthodontic history as a population of TMD-free individuals and to assess if those subjects who have a history of ideal orthodontics have fewer symptoms than those with a history of nonideal orthodontics. Materials and Methods:  Two groups of age- and sex-matched individuals belonging to either a study (“TMD”) or a control group were recruited. Subjects who underwent orthodontic treatment were classified as having a history of ideal or nonideal orthodontics based on the current presence of normal values in five reference occlusal features. Results:  The correlation with a history of orthodontic treatment was not clinically significant for any of the TMD diagnoses (ie, muscle pain, joint pain, disc displacement, arthrosis), with Phi (Φ) coefficient values within the −0.120 to 0.058 range. Within the subset of patients with a history of orthodontics, the correlation of ideal or nonideal orthodontic treatment with TMD diagnoses was, in general, not clinically relevant or was weakly relevant. Conclusions:  Findings confirmed the substantial absence of clinically significant effects of orthodontics as far as TMD is concerned. The very low correlation values of a negative or positive history of ideal or nonideal orthodontics with the different TMD diagnoses suggest that orthodontic treatment could not have a true role for TMD.

Age- and sex-based normal values of layer-specific longitudinal and circumferential strain by speckle tracking echocardiography: the Copenhagen City Heart Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup ◽  
Mats Christian Højbjerg Lassen ◽  
Niklas Dyrby Johansen ◽  
Flemming Javier Olsen ◽  
Jannie Nørgaard Lind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Circumferential Strain ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Copenhagen City Heart Study ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Aims Technical advancements in 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) have allowed for quantification of layer-specific global longitudinal strain (GLS) and circumferential strain (GCS) of the left ventricle (LV). The aim of this study was to establish age- and sex-based reference ranges of peak systolic layer-specific GLS and GCS and to assess normal values of regional strain. Methods and results We performed 2DSTE analysis of 1997 members of the general population from the fifth round of the Copenhagen City Heart Study, who were free of cardiovascular disease and risk factors. The mean age was 46 ± 16 years (range 21–97) and 62% were female. Mean values for peak systolic whole wall GLS (GLSWW.Sys), endomycardial (GLSEndo.Sys), and epimyocardial (GLSEpi.Sys) were 19.9 ± 2.1% (prediction interval [PI]: 15.8–24.0%), 23.5 ± 2.5% (PI: 18.6–28.4%), and 17.3 ± 1.9% (PI: 13.6–21.1%), respectively. Mean peak systolic whole wall GCS (GCSWW.Sys), was 21.6 ± 3.7% (PI: 14.3–28.9%), endomyocardial (GCSEndo.Sys) was 31.9 ± 4.7% (PI: 22.7–41.1%), and epimyocardial (GCSEpi.Sys) was 14.3 ± 3.8% (PI: 6.8–21.8%). A significant discrepancy in normal strain values between males and females was observed. Men had lower mean values and lower reference limits for all strain parameters. Furthermore, GLS and GCS changed differently with age in males and females. Finally, regional LS decreased from the apical to the basal LV region in both sexes, and regional CS varied significantly by LV segment. Conclusion In this study, we reported age- and sex-based reference ranges of layer-specific GLS and GCS. These reference ranges varied significantly with sex and age.

ANALYSIS OF UPPER AND LOWER THORACIC KYPHOSIS IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS

2006 ◽  
pp. 049-051
Author(s):  
Remzi Arif Özerdemoglu ◽  
Ufuk Aydinli ◽  
Cagatay Ozturk ◽  
Salim Ersozlu ◽  
Aytun Temiz
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Upper Thoracic ◽  
Cobb Method ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Radiological Analysis

The aim of this prospective radiological analysis is to determine the normal values of the kyphosis of the upper and lower thoracic segments, and to analyze their variation with age and sex, as well as to investigate if there is any interaction between them. The study includes 157 healthy individuals without any complaints related to their spine, and a thoracic kyphosis of not more than 50 degrees. Subjects were evaluated by medical history, physical examination, and standing spinal roentgenograms. Age and sex of the patient, together with the degree of upper (T2–T6), lower (T6–T12) and the total (T2–T12) thoracic kyphosis – measured by the Cobb method – were the parameters used for statistical analysis. There were 49 males and 108 females with the mean age of 42 ± 16 years (range, 11–76). Mean values of the upper, lower, and total thoracic kyphosis were found to be 13° ± 6° (range, 2–30°), 21° ± 8° (range, 4–43°), and 34° ± 9° (range, 11–50°), respectively. An older age correlated to a higher degree of kyphosis in the lower thoracic segment (p = 0.007), without an increase in the upper thoracic kyphosis. There was also a negative correlation between the degree of the upper and lower thoracic kyphosis (p = 0.015).

Normal Values for Parotid Gland and Submandibular-Sublingual Salivary Gland Complex Uptake of 99mTechnetium Pertechnetate using SPECT in Mice with Respect to Age, Sex, and Circadian Rhythm

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Eleonore L. Huang ◽  
Ingo G. Steffen ◽  
Mathias Lukas ◽  
Kai Huang ◽  
Joerg R. Aschenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Relevant Factors

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to establish normal values for parotid gland (PG) and submandibular-sublingual salivary gland complex (SSC) uptake of 99mtechnetium pertechnetate (99mTcO4) as a function of age, sex and circadian rhythm in mice. Methods In 12 female (F) and 12 male (M) C57BL/6N mice, nine consecutive SPECT images of 10 min each were acquired as dynamic acquisitions beginning 5 min after intravenous injection of 80 MBq 99mTcO4. Each mouse was imaged in follow-up studies at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of age. In order to assess for physiologic changes related to circadian rhythm, animals were imaged during light (sleeping phase) as well as during night conditions (awake phase). The percentage tracer uptake of the injected activity is expressed as median %ID. Results Maximum 99mTcO4 uptake occurred earlier in PG at 11 min compared to SSC at 79 min (p < 0.001). No significant effect of circadian rhythm was observed in PG (p = 0.64) and SSC uptake (p = 0.27). With aging, 99mTcO4 uptake significantly decreased for PG (p < 0.001) while it increased for SSC (p < 0.001). F (0.5) had a significantly higher PG uptake than M (0.3; p < 0.001) up to an age of 24 months. However, SSC uptake of F (4.6) was higher than that of M (3.8; p = 0.014) only at the age of 1 month. Thereafter, F (5.6) had lower SSC uptake than M (9.2; p < 0.001) from 3 months onwards. Normalizing %ID to gland volume showed that F had a significantly higher uptake (%ID/mm3) in both PG (F 0.013; M 0.007; p < 0.001) and in SSC (F 0.110; M 0.075; p < 0.001). Conclusion Uptake patterns differed among PG and SSC with a significant impact of age and sex while circadian rhythm had no significant influence. Therefore, design of salivary gland studies in mice using 99mTcO4 should consider age and sex as relevant factors.

Effects of Age and Sex on the Electrophoretic Fractions of the Serum Glycoprotein

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1066-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Pearce ◽  
E M Watson ◽  
R Stodolski ◽  
J M Mathieson ◽  
J J Theoret
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Electrophoretic Separation ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Analytical Error ◽  
Serum Glycoprotein ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Schiff Reaction ◽  
Healthy Persons ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Specimens of serum were collected from 198 clinically healthy persons, chosen to provide approximately 10 males and 10 females in each decade up to the tenth. After electrophoretic separation using the Spinco method B, the strips were stained by the periodic acid-Schiff reaction according to Köiw and Grönwall (Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 4, 244, 1952) and scanned on the Analytrol integrating densitometer at 550 mµ. Total glycoprotein was estimated on an ethanol precipitate by the tryptophan-borosulfuric acid reaction (Badin, Jackson, and Schubert, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 84, 288, 1953). The analytical error and normal values for the method were estimated; those for males did not differ from those for females. The means and standard deviations for groups showing statistically significant differences (P &lt;0.05) were, in mg./100 ml. of serum: total, under 70 years, 148 ± 19; total, over 70 years, 164 ± 20; albumin, 23.1 ± 6.6; alpha1, 12.5 ± 4.3; alpha2, under 60 years, 47.4 ± 12.1; alpha2, over 60 years,59.1 ± 16.0; beta, under 10 years, 27.2 ± 6.6; beta, 10 to 90 years, 38.4 ± 8.2; beta, over90 years,54.0 ± 17.7; gamma,26.4 ± 7.1. The results were compared with those obtained by other published procedures.

Silicone Arthroplasty for Trapeziometacarpal Arthritis

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. O’LEARY ◽  
A. O. GROBBELAAR ◽  
N. GOLDSMITH ◽  
P. J. SMITH ◽  
D. H. HARRISON
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Rubber Ball ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pain At Rest ◽  
Age And Sex

Twenty-three patients who had undergone trapeziectomy and Helal silicone rubber ball interposition for trapeziometacarpal arthritis were reviewed. The average age at operation was 63 (range 48–84) years and the mean follow-up was 59 (range 12–138) months. Of the 23 patients reviewed, two had pain at rest and four had some discomfort on exertion. Mean post-operative thumb extension was 37° whilst mean palmar abduction was 40°. Mean post-operative grip strength was 19 kg and thumb-pinch strength was 4.0 kg, 77% and 78% of the age- and sex-matched normal values. There were no cases of prosthetic dislocation, prosthetic fracture or silicone synovitis.

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