Three-dimensional assessment of mandibular asymmetry in skeletal Class I and unilateral crossbite malocclusion in 3 different age groups

AIM: The objective of this study was evaluating the prevalence of mandibular asymmetry in skeletal Class I adult patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample was composed by cone-beam computed tomography images of 250 skeletal Class I patients with age from 18 to 70 years old. The side deviation of mandibular asymmetry was evaluated (right and left), as well as the intensity of this asymmetry. People with gnathic deviation until 2mm were considered as patients with slight asymmetry; deviation between 2 and 5mm was considered moderate asymmetry and those higher than 5mm as severe asymmetries. The error calculation method was performed and there was not significant error in the measurements. To verify the association between the prevalence of mandibular asymmetry and the gender of individuals, the Χ2 was carried out and the significant level adopted was 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: The results showed that mandibular deviation occurred more frequently to the left side in both genders (male 56.5% e female 58.2%), without statistically significant difference between them (p=0.792). Besides, the prevalence of slight, moderate and severe asymmetries were, respectively 61%, 27% and 12% for males and 54%, 28% and 18% for female; and there was not statistically significant difference (p=0.366) between the gender of the sample evaluated. CONCLUSION: In this study, both deviation and intensity of mandibular asymmetry did not present preference regarding to the gender.

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Three-dimensional lip morphology in skeletal Class I malocclusion with labial inclination of the upper central incisors

Orthodontic Waves ◽

10.1016/j.odw.2019.01.001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 33-38

Author(s):

Mie Sasaki ◽

Wakako Tome ◽

Aya Takeuchi ◽

Noriyuki Kitai

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Class I ◽

Skeletal Class

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Three-dimensional evaluation of craniofacial characteristics related to mandibular asymmetries in skeletal Class I patients

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics ◽

10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.10.031 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 154 (1) ◽

pp. 91-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Guilherme Thiesen ◽

Maria Perpétua Mota Freitas ◽

Eustáquio A. Araújo ◽

Bruno Frazão Gribel ◽

Ki Beom Kim

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Class I ◽

Skeletal Class ◽

Craniofacial Characteristics

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Three-dimensional analysis of upper airway morphology in skeletal Class III patients with and without mandibular asymmetry

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/120116-866.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 526-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xi Wen ◽

Xiyu Wang ◽

Shuqi Qin ◽

Lorenzo Franchi ◽

Yan Gu

Keyword(s):

Symmetry Group ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Class Iii ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Skeletal Class ◽

Mandibular Asymmetry ◽

Subgroup Ii ◽

Group D ◽

Inferior Limit

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the three-dimensional (3D) morphology of the upper airway in skeletal Class III patients with and without mandibular asymmetry and to investigate the possible underlying correlations between the morphology of the upper airway and mandibular deviation. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 54 subjects with skeletal Class III malocclusion (ANB angle ≤ 0.4°, Wits ≤ −5.5°) were taken and 3D upper airway models were reconstructed using Dolphin 3D software. According to the distance (d) from symphysis menti to the sagittal plane, all subjects were divided into a symmetry group (d ≤ 2 mm) and an asymmetry group (d ≥ 4 mm). Based on the severity of mandibular deviation, the asymmetry group was divided into subgroup I (4 mm ≤d <10 mm) and subgroup II (d ≥ 10 mm). Cross-sectional linear distances, areas, and volumetric variables of the upper airway were measured in the 3D airway model. Results: Width of the inferior limit of the glossopharynx (P3W), cross-sectional area of the anterior limit of the nasal airway (P5S), and height of the glossopharynx (GPH) in the asymmetry group were significantly larger than in the symmetry group. As for subjects with severe mandibular deviation in subgroup II (d ≥ 10 mm), volume of the glossopharynx (GPV), total volume of the pharynx (TPV), length of the inferior limit of the velopharynx (P2L), and ratio of length to width of the inferior limit of the velopharynx (P2L/P2W) showed significantly negative correlations with mandibular deviation (r > 0.7, P < .05). Conclusions: In Class III subjects with severe mandibular asymmetry, the pharyngeal airway showed a tendency toward constriction and presented a more elliptical shape as mandibular deviation became more severe (P < .01).

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Three-dimensional assessment of condylar position and joint spaces after maxillary first premolar extraction in skeletal Class II malocclusion

Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research ◽

10.1111/ocr.12141 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 71-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. S. Alhammadi ◽

M. S. Fayed ◽

A. Labib

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Class Ii ◽

Class Ii Malocclusion ◽

Skeletal Class ◽

Premolar Extraction ◽

Skeletal Class Ii ◽

Condylar Position ◽

Dimensional Assessment

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3D CBCT Evaluation of Condyle Position in Skeletal Class I & Class III Growing Subjects

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v7i2.20153 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Rajiv Kumar Mishra ◽

Om Prakash Kharbanda ◽

Rajiv Balachandran

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

T Test ◽

Class I ◽

Class Iii ◽

Skeletal Class ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Condyle Position ◽

Condylar Position ◽

And Function ◽

Cbct Analysis

Introduction: Evaluation of temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) anatomy and function is an essential part of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. It has been hypothesized that dental and skeletal malocclusions alter the functional loading of TMJ which can affect joint morphology.Objective: Three dimensional (3D) evaluation of condylar position using CBCT in skeletal Class I and Class III growing subjects.Materials & Method: CBCT images of ten growing skeletal Class I & ten Class III patients in the age range of 7-14 years were analyzed. 3D condylar position were evaluated representing antero-posterior, vertical, laterolateral position of condyle, axial condylar angle and coronal condylar angles which were measured in axial, coronal and sagittal sections using Dolphin Imaging software. Antero-posterior and vertical difference of right and left condyle were measured in axial and coronal sections respectively.Result: Paired t-Test revealed no significant difference between right and left sides of condyle in skeletal Class I as well as Class III subjects. Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test showed no significant difference between position of condyle in ClassI and Class III subjects.Conclusion: 3D CBCT analysis shows no significant difference in condylar position of skeletal Class I and Class III subjects.

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Comparison of three-dimensional soft-tissue evaluations between skeletal and pseudo-class III malocclusions

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-71772-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Burak Kale ◽

Muhammed Hilmi Buyukcavus

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Middle Part ◽

Class I ◽

Control Group ◽

Class Iii ◽

Upper Lip ◽

Linear Measurements ◽

Skeletal Class

Abstract The aim of our study was to compare soft tissue measurements with 3D imaging methods in individuals with untreated skeletal and pseudo-Class III malocclusions. The study sample consisted of 75 patients (38 males, 37 females, mean age 12.41 ± 2.35 years) with pseudo- and true skeletal Class III malocclusions and skeletal Class I malocclusions. Soft tissue evaluations of all patients were performed using 3D stereophotogrammetric facial images. In our study, 26 landmarks, 17 linear measurements, 13 angular measurements, and 5 volume measurements were made using the 3dMD Vultus software. The significance was determined to be p < 0.05 in ANOVA, Tukey tests. No significant differences were found among the groups in terms of demographic data (p > 0.05). The skeletal Class I control group had a significantly more extended upper lip and vermillion length as compared to the Class III groups. The soft tissue convexity angle and upper nasal angle were found to be wider in the Class III malocclusion group compared to those in the Class I control group. While the pseudo-Class III group had a significantly lower midface volume, chin volume was significantly higher in the skeletal class group. Upper lip volume was significantly higher in the Class I group. Using 3dMD for guiding clinicians in the differential soft and hard tissue diagnosis of pseudo-Class III malocclusions, differences were revealed in Class I patients in the middle part of the face. In the differential diagnosis of true Class III malocclusions, chin volume was found to be different from that of Class I patients.

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