Dendritic macromolecules as nano-scale drug carriers: Phase solubility, in vitro drug release, hemolysis and cytotoxicity study

The present study is concerned with the development and characterization of bioadhesive carageenan gel encapsulating Amphotericin B and Lactobacillus acidophillus, prepared by graft co-polymeriztion against Candidal vaginitis. Intravaginal gel systems based on bioadhesive polymer (carrageenan) were characterized with respect to swelling index, bioadhesive strength, percent encapsulation and in vitro drug release antimicrobial studies. A marked increase in swelling index of gel encapsulating Lactobacillus was found to be 1.9±0.35. The percent encapsulation of drug was found to be 98.63%±.0.2% and that of Lactobacillus was 91.81 ±0.01. The viability was observed for interval of 6 hrs on trypton soya agar and showed that viability was highly conserved till 4 hrs. The antimicrobial study of gels encapsulating Amphotericin B and Lactobacillus showed that carageenan gel can inhibit Candida albicans upto a maximum extent. Bioadhesivity study also conducted for gels that showed a bioadhesivity of 84.66% ±.0.5% with drug, 88.66% ±.02% with Lactobacillus. In-vitro drug release showed a sustained type release of drug from the polymer i.e. there was initial burst of Amphotericin B up to 5 hours, after which there was a sustained release upto 10 days. Thus it has been concluded from the present study that bioadhesive gels encapsulating Amphotericin B can act as promising drug carriers along with Lactobacillus against candidal vaginitis.

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Modulatinn Intestinal Uptake of Atenolol Usinn Niosomes as Drun Permeation Enhancers

Scientia Pharmaceutica ◽

10.3797/scipharm.aut-05-07 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 81-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

lbrahim Alsarra ◽

Ahmed Bosela ◽

Abdullah M. Al-Mohizea ◽

Gamal M. Mahrous ◽

Steven H. Neau

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Enhancement Effect ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Vesicle Size ◽

Drug Permeation ◽

Intestinal Membrane ◽

Conventional Film

It is well established through the last decade that niosomes have potential applications as drug carriers either to improve drug permeation across membranes or targeting to specific tissues. Having a considerable ability to improve the permeability of drugs through lipoid membranes, niosomes have been utilized as carriers to enhance atenolol absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Two methods have been adopted to prepare niosomes, the proniosome-derived method (A) and the conventional film hydration method (B). The products from the two methods were compared in terms of their morphology, vesicle size, drug encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release and enhancement effect on drug permeation across the intestinal membrane using an everted sac technique. Proniosome-derived niosomes were smoother and exhibited a smaller (5 μm) vesicle size compared to those prepared by conventional methods (12 μm). High encapsulation efficiencies of 98.6% and 93.4% were achieved by methods A and B, respectively. In vitro drug release has been significantly retarded from both types of niosomes. Comparing to pure drug, which dissolved completely in 15 min, only 8.9% and 9.9% of the entrapped drug was released in the same time period. The drug release kinetics showed non-Fickian (anomalous) behavior. Permeation through an everted intestinal sac showed a significant enhancement effect (more than 4 fold) for both types of niosomes compared to untrapped drug; however, the difference between the two types of niosomes was not significant

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An Investigation on Spray-Granulated, Macroporous, Bioactive Glass Microspheres for a Controlled Drug Delivery System

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14113112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 3112

Author(s):

Henni Setia Ningsih ◽

Liu-Gu Chen ◽

Ren-Jei Chung ◽

Yu-Jen Chou

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Bioactive Glass ◽

Particle Morphology ◽

Nitrogen Adsorption ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Controlled Drug Delivery System ◽

Excellent Candidate ◽

Adsorption Desorption

Bioactive glass (BG) has been regarded as an excellent candidate for biomedical applications due to its superior properties of bioactivity, biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and biodegradability. Thus, in this study, we aimed to fabricate drug carriers that were capable of loading therapeutic antibiotics while promoting bone regeneration using macroporous BG microspheres, prepared by a spray drying method. Characterizations of particle morphology and specific surface area were carried out via scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm. Evaluations of in vitro bioactivity were performed based on Kokubo’s simulated body fluid to confirm the formation of the hydroxyapatite (HA) layer after immersion. In addition, the in vitro drug release behaviors were examined, using tetracycline as the therapeutic antibiotic in pH 7.4 and 5.0 environments. Finally, the results showed that BG microspheres of up to 33 μm could be mass-produced, targeting various therapeutic situations and their resulting bioactivities and drug release behaviors, and related properties were discussed.

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Standardized in vitro drug release test for colloidal drug carriers using modified USP dissolution apparatus I

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy ◽

10.3109/03639045.2010.502534 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 178-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Mona M.A. Abdel-Mottaleb ◽

Alf Lamprecht

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Release Test ◽

Dissolution Apparatus ◽

Colloidal Drug Carriers

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Synthesis, Characterization and in-vitro drug release studies of a macromolecular prodrug of Didanosine.

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v2i2.8845 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Neeraj Agrawal ◽

M.J. Chandrasekar ◽

U.V. Sara ◽

Rohini A.

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Drug Level ◽

Drug Release Profile ◽

Sustained Drug Release ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Alkaline Environment ◽

Stomach Acid ◽

Release Studies ◽

Macromolecular Prodrug

A macromolecular prodrug of didanosine (ddI) for oral administration was synthesized and evaluated for in-vitro drug release profile. Didanosine was first coupled to 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) through a succinic spacer to form HEMA-Suc-ddI monomeric conjugate which was subsequently polymerized to yield Poly(HEMA-Suc-ddI) conjugate. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, Mass and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The prodrug was subjected for in-vitro drug release studies in buffers of pH 1.2 and 7.4 mimicking the upper and lower GIT. The results showed that the drug release from the polymeric backbone takes place in a sustained manner over a period of 24 h and the amount of drug released was comparatively higher at pH 7.4 indicating that the drug release takes place predominantly at the alkaline environment of the lower GIT rather than at the acidic environment of the upper GIT. This pH dependent sustained drug release behavior of the prodrug may be capable of reducing the dose limiting toxicities by maintaining the plasma drug level within the therapeutic range and increasing t1/2 of ddI. Moreover, the bioavailability of the drug should be improved as the prodrug releases ddI predominantly in the alkaline environment which will reduce the degradation of ddI in the stomach acid.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Chitosan-Polyaniline Nanocomposites for Controlled Release of Anticancer Drug Doxorubicin

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v8i2.13874 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dillip Kumar Behera ◽

Kampal Mishra ◽

Padmolochan Nayak

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Drug Release ◽

Nanocomposite Films ◽

Casting Method ◽

Sustained Drug Release ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Clay Particles ◽

Solution Casting Method ◽

Nanoclay Content

In this present work, chitosan (CS) crosslink with polyaniline (PANI) with montmorilonite (MMT) called as (CSPANI/MMT) and CS crosslink with PANI without MMT called as (CS-PANI) were prepared by employing the solution casting method. Further the formation of nanocomposites CS-PANI/MMT and CS-PANI were investigated using XRD, FTIR, SEM and tensile strength. Water uptake and swelling ratio of the CS-PANI and CS-PANI/MMT were found to decrease with increase in concentration of clay. Mechanical properties of the CS-PANI and CS-PANI/MMT were assessed in terms of tensile strength and extensibility using texture analyzer. Increase in tensile strength and reduction in extensibility was reported with increase in the nanoclay content. In vitro drug release study on CS-PANI and CS-PANI/MMT indicated pronounced sustained release of doxorubicin by the incorporation of clay particles in the CS polymer matrix. Overall CSPANI/MMT nanocomposite films exhibited improved mechanical and sustained drug release properties than CS-PANI.

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