Quantitative assessment of extraction methods for bound extracellular polymeric substances (B-EPSs) produced by Microcystis sp. and Scenedesmus sp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 102289
Author(s):  
Ruixing Huang ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Chengxue Ma ◽  
Yanghui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Extraction Methods

Pengambilan senyawa polisakarida ekstraseluler dari mikroorganisme dalam lumpur aktif sebagai adsorben logam berat

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
H Haryono ◽  
Tjandra Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Heavy Metal Adsorbent ◽  
Main Component

Extracellular polysaccaride extraction from activated sludge microorganism as heavy-metal adsorbent. Microorganisms in the form of bioagregate are the main component of activated sludge. It generally has an ability to produce EPS (extracellular polymeric substances). The important components in EPS are polysaccharides and proteins. EPS recovery from the activated sludge may be done by many extraction methods. Six of the extraction methods to extract EPS from the activated sludge have been studied in this research, such are: Middle Speed Centrifugation, Regular Centrifugation, NaOH Extraction, EDTA Extraction, Steaming Extraction and Sonication. EPS solution in the following step would be tested its performances as adsorbent of copper heavy metal. The research result shows that the best extraction method for EPS extraction was NaOH Extraction method. The amount of the polysaccharides obtained was 18,09 mg EPS/g TSS. On other hand, Steaming Extraction was the most ineffective extraction method. This method gives the polysaccharides result in the least amount, i.e., about 4,96 mg EPS/g TSS. In this research, the protein content was not detected in the all used EPS solution. In the adsorption test, the adsorption phenomena of copper metal with EPS adsorbent fitted to the Freundlich isotherm adsorption equation. The values of Freundlich's a constant (k and n) each were 2,282 and 0,963. The average maximum adsmption capaciry of EPS to metal Cu was 88,34 mg Cu/gEPS.Keywords:  Adsorption,  Heavy  Metal,  Activated  Sludge,  Extraction Methods, Polysaccharides Extracellular, Copper.AbstrakMikroorganisme dalam bentuk bioagregat adalah merupakan penyusun utama lumpur aktif, memiliki sifat  umum  yaitu  dalam  kemampuannya memproduksi  SPE (Senyawa  Polimer  Ekstraselluler). Komponen  utama dari SPE adalah polisakarida  dan protein. Pengambilan SPE dari bioagregat dapat dilakukan dengan banyak metode ekstraksi.Pada penelitian ini telah dipelajari karakteristik enam  metode  ekstraksi, yaitu: Sentrifugasi Kecepatan Sedang, Sentrifugasi Reguler, Ekstraksi dengan NaOH. Ekstraksi dengan EDTA, Ekstraksi dengan Pemanasan dan Sonikasi. Larutan SPE yang diperoleh, kemudian diuji kinerjanya sebagai adsorben logam berat tembaga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  metode ekstraksi terbaik adalah metode Ekstraksi dengan NaOH, dengan perolehan polisakarida sebesar 18,09 mg/g TSS. Sedangkan Ekstraksi dengan pemanasan merupakan metode ekstraksi yang paling tidak efektif dengan perolehan polisakarida paling sedikit, yaitu sekitar 4,96 mg/g TSS. Pada penelitian ini tidak dijumpai adanya protein di dalam larutan SPE dari semua  metode ekstraksi yang diterapkan. Pada uji adsorpsi, peristiwa adsorpsi logam  Cu dengan larutan SPE lebih mengikuti persamaan adsorpsi isoterm Freundlich dengan harga konstanta k dan n masing-masing sebesar 2,282 dan 0,963. Kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum rata-rata SPE terhadap logam Cu adalah sebesar 88,34 mg Cu/g SPE.Kata kunci:  Adsorpsi, Logam Berat, Lumpur Aktif, Metode Ekstraksi, Polisakarida Ekstraselluler, Tembaga.

Evaluation of EPS extraction protocols from anaerobic sludge for gel-based proteomic studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Zorel ◽  
S. F. Aquino ◽  
A. L. Sanson ◽  
W. Castro-Borges ◽  
S. Q. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Distribution Profile

Despite the importance of anaerobic sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), their characterization is limited to information regarding their chemical classes and molecular size. This work explores the possibility of using proteomic techniques to study the proteins present in this matrix. Thus, this paper compares eight EPS extraction methods regarding extraction yield, protein/carbohydrate ratio, size distribution profile and suitability to sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses. Despite the differences found in quantification and size exclusion chromatography assays, the band profile found for all methods was very similar. Considering the band pattern, extraction time and background level, heating method followed by ammonium sulfate precipitation proved to be the most appropriate method for gel-based analyses of anaerobic sludge EPS proteins.

scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of plant‐available silicon extraction methods in rice paddy soils under different management

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 618-626
Author(s):  
Weida Wu ◽  
Matt A. Limmer ◽  
Angelia L. Seyfferth
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Rice Paddy Soils

Influence of different extraction methods on the compositions and structural characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances in biofilms from biological aerated filters

2018 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Wenli Xu ◽  
Chaochao Gu ◽  
Yajie Qian ◽  
Zhenhong Liu ◽  
Gang Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Extraction Methods

Critical assessment of extracellular polymeric substances extraction methods from mixed culture biomass

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (15) ◽  
pp. 5564-5574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carles Pellicer-Nàcher ◽  
Carlos Domingo-Félez ◽  
A. Gizem Mutlu ◽  
Barth F. Smets
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Critical Assessment

scholarly journals Examination of Extracellular Polymer (EPS) Extraction Methods for Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) Biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12584
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Galib ◽  
Timothy Abbott ◽  
Hyung-Sool Lee
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors

Membrane bioreactor fouling is a complex process, which is typically driven by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), a complex mixture of polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, humic substances, and other intercellular polymers. While much is known about fouling in aerobic membrane reactors, far less is known about fouling in anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR). Much of this knowledge, including EPS extraction methods, has been extrapolated from aerobic processes and is commonly assumed to be comparable. Therefore, several extraction methods commonly used for aerobic EPS quantification, including ultrasonication, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and formaldehyde plus sodium hydroxide (CH2O+NaOH), were evaluated to determine the most suitable extraction method for EPS of anaerobic microorganisms in an AnMBR. To maximize EPS yields, each extraction was performed four times. Experimental results showed that the EDTA method was best for EPS quantification, based on chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and protein yields: 1.43 mg COD/mg volatile suspended solids (VSS), 0.14 mg DOC/mg VSS, and 0.11 mg proteins/mg VSS. In comparison, the CH2O+NaOH method maximized the extraction of carbohydrates (0.12 mg carbohydrates/mg VSS). However, multiple extraction cycles with EDTA and ultrasonication exhibited lower extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations compared to CH2O+NaOH extractions, indicating lower levels of released intracellular substances. Successive EPS extractions over four cycles are better able to quantify EPS from anaerobic microorganisms, since a single extraction may not accurately reflect the true levels of EPS contents in AnMBRs, and possibly in other anaerobic processes.

scholarly journals Optimising extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from benthic diatoms: comparison of the efficiency of six EPS extraction methods

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Takahashi ◽  
Jérôme Ledauphin ◽  
Didier Goux ◽  
Francis Orvain
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Cell Lysis ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Benthic Diatoms ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Intertidal Sediments ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Diatom Culture ◽  
High Yields

There is no universal method that can be applied to extract bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from benthic diatoms of intertidal sediments without causing cell lysis. Six extraction methods were tested on a diatom culture of Navicula jeffreyi to establish the best compromise between high yields of carbohydrate extraction and minimum cell lysis. Extraction with distilled water provoked cell lysis (as already known). The five other extraction methods (dowex resin, artificial seawater of half salinity and extractions after pretreatment with gluteraldehyde by three methods: water, dowex water and dowex buffer) did not provoke cell lysis as shown by transmission electronic microscopy. This result was confirmed by the minimum release of internal compounds (protein, ATP) and by the low proportions of glucose in dowex-extracted EPS compared with the water-extracted EPS, from which the high glucose content must be inferred as contamination by the chrysolaminaran. The extraction with dowex resin resulted in the second-highest concentration of carbohydrate after the water extraction and the EPS were especially rich in deoxy sugars, hence increasing the hydrophobic feature of these substances. For these reasons, we recommend extraction with dowex, which is also the best method for extracting bound EPS from other biofilms such as in activated sludges.

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