Long-Term Air Pollution and Blood Pressure in an African American Cohort: the Jackson Heart Study

Abstract Background Balance dysfunction is a complex, disabling health condition that can present with multiple phenotypes and etiologies. Data regarding prevalence, characterization of dizziness, or associated factors is limited, especially in an African American population. Purpose The aim of the study is to characterize balance dysfunction presentation and prevalence in an African American cohort, and balance dysfunction relationship to cardiometabolic factors. Research Design The study design is descriptive, cross sectional analysis. Study Sample The study sample consist of N = 1,314, participants in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Data Collection and Analysis JHS participants were presented an initial Hearing health screening questionnaire (N = 1,314). Of these, 317 participants reported dizziness and completed a follow-up Dizziness History Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was used to compare differences in the cohorts' social-demographic characteristics and cardiometabolic variables to the 997 participants who did not report dizziness on the initial screening questionnaire. Based on questionnaire responses, participants were grouped into dizziness profiles (orthostatic, migraine, and vestibular) to further examine differences in cardiometabolic markers as related to different profiles of dizziness. Logistical regression models were adjusted for age, sex, education, reported noise exposure, and hearing sensitivity. Results Participants that reported any dizziness were slightly older and predominantly women. Other significant complaints in the dizzy versus nondizzy cohort included hearing loss, tinnitus, and a history of noise exposure (p < 0.001). Participants that reported any dizziness had significantly higher prevalence of hypertension, blood pressure medication use, and higher body mass index (BMI). Individuals with symptoms alluding to an orthostatic or migraine etiology had significant differences in prevalence of hypertension, blood pressure medication use, and BMI (p < 0.001). Alternatively, cardiometabolic variables were not significantly related to the report of dizziness symptoms consistent with vestibular profiles. Conclusion Dizziness among African Americans is comparable to the general population with regards to age and sex distribution, accordingly to previously published estimates. Participants with dizziness symptoms appear to have significant differences in BMI and blood pressure regulation, especially with associated orthostatic or migraine type profiles; this relationship does not appear to be conserved in participants who present with vestibular etiology symptoms.

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Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and renal function in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study

Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology ◽

10.1038/s41370-018-0092-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 548-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anne M. Weaver ◽

Yi Wang ◽

Gregory A. Wellenius ◽

Bessie Young ◽

Luke D. Boyle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Renal Function ◽

African Americans ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

Heart Study

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Socioeconomic Position Is Positively Associated With Blood Pressure Dipping Among African-American Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1038/ajh.2011.98 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (9) ◽

pp. 1015-1021 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

D. A. Hickson ◽

A. V. D. Roux ◽

S. B. Wyatt ◽

S. Y. Gebreab ◽

G. Ogedegbe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

African American ◽

Socioeconomic Position ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

African American Adults ◽

Heart Study ◽

Blood Pressure Dipping

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Abstract 064: Prevalence, Risk Factors And Cardiovascular Outcomes Associated With Persistent Blood Pressure Control: The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Gabriel S Tajeu ◽

Calvin Colvin ◽

Shakia T Hardy ◽

Bamba Gaye ◽

Adam P Bress ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

African American ◽

Antihypertensive Medication ◽

Pressure Control ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Visit ◽

Heart Study ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction: Cross-sectional studies have reported the proportion of African-American adults with controlled blood pressure (BP) at a single time point, but few data are available on the proportion that maintains controlled BP over time and the extent to which it is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods: We analyzed data from 1,414 African-American Jackson Heart Study (JHS) participants taking antihypertensive medication to estimate the proportion with persistent BP control, defined by having controlled BP at the three JHS visits, conducted over a median of 8 years. At each visit, BP control was defined as systolic BP <140 mm Hg and diastolic BP <90 mm Hg. Follow-up for CVD events began after the third visit. We calculated risk ratios (RR) for factors associated with persistent BP control and hazard ratios (HR) for incident CVD events among participants with versus without persistent BP control. Results: At baseline, 76.5% (n=1,081) of participants had controlled BP, among which 64.4% (n=696) had persistent BP control. Overall, 49.2% (n=696) of participants had persistent BP control. After adjustment for sex, participants ≥65 compared with <65 years of age were less likely (RR; 95% CI) to have persistent BP control (0.73; 0.64 - 0.83). After age and sex adjustment, participants were more likely to have persistent BP control if they had income ≥$25,000 a year at each study visit (1.25; 1.11 - 1.40), a high school education (1.20; 1.01 - 1.41) and health insurance (1.28; 1.05 - 1.57) at Visit 1, and visited a health professional in the past year at each study visit (1.21; 1.07 - 1.37). The multivariable adjusted HR (95% CI) comparing participants with versus without persistent BP control was 0.71 (0.45 - 1.14) for CVD, 0.85 (0.41 - 1.79) for coronary heart disease, 0.68 (0.28 - 1.64) for stroke, and 0.57 (0.33 - 0.98) for heart failure (HF) ( Table ). Conclusions: Less than half of JHS participants taking antihypertensive medication had persistent BP control, putting them at increased risk for CVD, particularly HF.

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Associations between air pollution indicators and prevalent and incident diabetes in an African American cohort, the Jackson Heart Study

Environmental Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/ee9.0000000000000140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. e140

Author(s):

Anne M. Weaver ◽

Aurelian Bidulescu ◽

Gregory A. Wellenius ◽

DeMarc A. Hickson ◽

Mario Sims ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

African American ◽

Incident Diabetes ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

Pollution Indicators ◽

Heart Study

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Impact of short- and long-term exposure to air pollution on blood pressure: A two-decade population-based study in Tehran

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health ◽

10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113719 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 234 ◽

pp. 113719

Author(s):

Alireza Khajavi ◽

Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh ◽

Fereidoun Azizi ◽

Robert D. Brook ◽

Hengameh Abdi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Short And Long Term

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Long-term associations of modeled and self-reported measures of exposure to air pollution and noise at residence on prevalent hypertension and blood pressure

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.156 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 593-594 ◽

pp. 337-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Anitha Pitchika ◽

Regina Hampel ◽

Kathrin Wolf ◽

Ute Kraus ◽

Josef Cyrys ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Air Pollution

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Addressing a lack of African American representation in biomedical research: Jackson State University Jackson Heart Study Graduate Training and Education Center

10.20935/al3679 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Clifton Addison ◽

Brenda W. Campbell Jenkins ◽

Monique White ◽

Gregory Wilson, Sr. ◽

Clevette Woodberry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Biomedical Research ◽

Graduate Training ◽

State University ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

Training And Education ◽

Jackson State University ◽

Heart Study

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Protein Intake and Long-term Change in Glomerular Filtration Rate in the Jackson Heart Study

Journal of Renal Nutrition ◽

10.1053/j.jrn.2017.11.008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 245-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Rakesh Malhotra ◽

Loren Lipworth ◽

Kerri L. Cavanaugh ◽

Bessie A. Young ◽

Katherine L. Tucker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Glomerular Filtration ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

Term Change ◽

Heart Study

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Abstract P084: Associations of Anger and Hostility with the Metabolic Syndrome: Cross-sectional Analyses from the Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap084 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Janice E Williams ◽

Sharon B Wyatt ◽

Mario Sims ◽

Thomas H Mosley ◽

Patricia M Dubbert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

African American ◽

Disease Risk ◽

African American Men ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Continuous Variables ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

Men And Women ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Heart Study

There is evidence that anger and hostility are positively associated with the metabolic syndrome. In turn, the metabolic syndrome mediates the association between anger and hostility and adverse cardiac events. Very little is known about these associations in African-American populations. We assessed the hypothesis that anger and hostility are positively associated with the metabolic syndrome in an African-American cohort. Participants were 2,732 African-American men and women, ages 45 – 95, who were enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study at baseline. Anger was measured using the Spielberger State-Trait Anger Inventory, and hostility was measured using the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale. The metabolic syndrome was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Overall anger, components anger-in and anger-out, and hostility scores were entered into separate logistic regression models as continuous variables. In models adjusted for age, sex, educational level, and physical activity, higher levels of overall anger (β = 0.024, p = 0.006), anger-in (β = 0.028, p = 0.04), anger-out (β = 0.037, p = 0.04), and hostility (β = 0.021, p = 0.04) were associated with an increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. The correlation between anger and hostility was statistically significant but not strong (r = 0.38, p <0.0001). In men, 5 of the 16 individual anger items were significantly associated with the metabolic syndrome. The strongest was “I lose my temper” (β = 0.395, p = 0.003) and “I tend to harbor grudges” (β = 0.314, p = 0.008). In women, only 1 anger item, “I make sarcastic remarks” (β = 0.189, p = 0.04) was associated with the metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, higher levels of overall anger, anger-in, anger-out, and hostility were associated with an increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in middle- and older-aged African-American men and women. In men, an angry temperament and a tendency to hold grudges were particularly strong correlates of the metabolic syndrome. Increased understanding of the negative emotions anger and hostility among African-Americans may provide greater insights into cardiovascular disease risk in their population.

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