Role of Impulsivity and Depression in the Relationship between ADHD Symptoms and Emotional Eating and Dietary Restraint.

AbstractBackgroundAttenuated inhibitory control is one of the most robust findings in the neuropsychology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, it is unclear whether this represents a deficit in outright stopping (reactive inhibition), whether it relates to a deficit in anticipatory response slowing (proactive inhibition), or both. In addition, children with other development disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), often have symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity similar to children with ADHD. These may relate to similar underlying changes in inhibitory processing.MethodsIn this study, we used a modified stop-signal task to dissociate reactive and proactive inhibition. We included not only children with ADHD, but also children primarily diagnosed with an ASD and high parent-rated levels of ADHD symptoms.ResultsWe replicated the well-documented finding of attenuated reactive inhibition in children with ADHD. In addition, we found a similar deficit in children with ASD and a similar level of ADHD symptoms. In contrast, we found no evidence for deficits in proactive inhibition in either clinical group.ConclusionsThese findings re-emphasize the role of reactive inhibition in children with ADHD and ADHD symptoms. Moreover, our findings stress the importance of a trans-diagnostic approach to the relationship between behavior and neuropsychology.

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“Stressed Spelled Backward Is Desserts”

10.1093/oso/9780190499037.003.0012 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Denise de Ridder ◽

Catharine Evers

Keyword(s):

Positive Affect ◽

Eating Behavior ◽

Coping Strategy ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Negative Emotions ◽

Cultural Perspectives ◽

Points Of View ◽

The Relationship

This chapter discusses the relationship between affect and eating behavior from two points of view—how affect shapes eating behavior and how eating behavior generates affect—arguing that appreciating how affect influences eating behavior depends on understanding in what way eating generates affect. It first discusses biological and social-cultural perspectives on the pleasure of eating and posits that the inherently rewarding experience of eating is compromised by concerns about the health consequences of eating too much or by eating the wrong foods. The second part of this chapter explains in what way both negative and positive affect influences consumption and highlights the contrast between theoretical notions on the phenomenon of emotional eating and empirical findings. It elaborates on new avenues for investigating the association between affect and eating, including the role of positive emotions, emotions as justifications for overeating, and eating as a coping strategy for dealing with negative emotions.

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The Relationship between ADHD Symptoms and Smartphone Addiction among University Students With a Focus on the Mediating Role of Stress Coping Strategies

THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY ◽

10.23844/kjcp.2016.05.28.2.563 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 563 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juyeon Ryu ◽

Yunhee Kim

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Stress Coping ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Stress Coping Strategies ◽

The Relationship

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Longitudinal Associations between Emotion Regulation and Adiposity in Late Adolescence: Indirect Effects through Eating Behaviors

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11030517 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 517 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lenka Shriver ◽

Jessica Dollar ◽

Meg Lawless ◽

Susan Calkins ◽

Susan Keane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Dietary Restraint ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Body Composition Assessment ◽

Unhealthy Eating ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity

The prevalence of obesity among U.S. youth continues to increase, with many adolescents engaging in unhealthy eating behaviors. Increasingly, research points to the role of self-regulation in obesity development, yet existing work has largely focused on young children and/or clinical adult populations. This multi-method longitudinal study (N = 153) utilized a path analysis to delineate links between emotion regulation (age 15), emotional eating and dietary restraint (age 16), and adiposity (% body fat) using a BodPod for body composition assessment (age 19). Emotion regulation was negatively associated with emotional eating (β = −0.30, p < 0.001) and positively associated with dietary restraint (β = 0.15, p < 0.05) at age 16, but was not associated with age 19 adiposity (β = −0.01, p = ns). Emotional eating was positively associated with adiposity (β = 0.24, p < 0.01). Indirect effects suggested that emotional eating, but not dietary restraint, at age 16 serves as a mechanism that helps explain the associations between emotion regulation and adiposity four years later. Results from this study suggest that both emotion regulation and emotional eating represent promising targets for that should be included in future interventions aimed at preventing adolescent obesity.

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