Mental Health Well-Being and Attitudes on Mental Health Disorders among Family Physicians during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Connection with Resilience and Healthy Lifestyle

Family physicians (FPs) are exposed to high amounts of stress, and could be susceptible to the development of mental health disorders (MHD), especially after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the current study was to assess MHD history, attitudes toward MHDs and stress‑coping strategies in FPs. An additional goal was to estimate their comprehensive well-being and investigate connections with resilience and a healthy lifestyle. A total of 483 FPs submitted their responses via online survey. MHD attitudes were assessed with the according questionnaires, while burnout levels, healthy lifestyle, resilience, job and life satisfaction were estimated with validated scales. Results have shown that 32.5% of FPs disclosed positive MHD history, while 68.7% used professional help. Resilience and healthy lifestyle levels were significantly higher in MHD negative FPs (p < 0.001), while burnout levels were lower (p < 0.001). Moreover, healthy lifestyle (β = 0.03, p < 0.001) was an independent correlate of resilience, while healthy lifestyle (β= −0.35, p < 0.001, and resilience (β= −1.82, p < 0.001) were of burnout levels. Finally, resilience (OR = 0.387, p < 0.001) and healthy lifestyle (OR = 0.970, p = 0.021) were shown as independent predictors of positive MHD history status. Strong promotion and education of FP population regarding resilience and healthy lifestyle should be utilized in practice in order to alleviate the possibility of mental health disturbances and the according consequences.

CSI-SF: Psychometric properties of spanish version of the coping strategies inventory - short form

Background / Objective: The study establishes the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the abbreviated version of the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI-SF) published by Addison et al. (2007). The test uses a two-axis model to classify coping strategies (commitment and avoidance) and objective categories of coping (problem-focused and emotion-focused). Method: 940 people participated (62.87% women; 37.12% men) aged between 18 and 66 years (x̄ = 33.2; dt = 12.01). An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were carried out, as well as Pearson's correlation and Cronbach's Alpha to examine the reliability and validity of the Spanish adaptation of the CSI-SF. Results: Internal consistency analysis revealed high reliability for all scales, and all adjustment indexes used to examine the CSI-SF Spanish version provided support for its use as an adequate measure of stress coping strategies. Discussion/Conclusions: The CSI-SF scale Spanish version is a test that provides a quick and efficient diagnosis of the coping strategies used in the face of stress in different settings. Antecedentes/Objetivo: El estudio establece las propiedades psicométricas de la adaptación española de la versión abreviada del Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento (CSI-SF) publicado por Addison et al. (2007). La prueba utiliza un modelo de dos ejes para clasificar las estrategias de afrontamiento (de compromiso y de evitación) y las categorías objetivas del afrontamiento (centrada en el problema y centrada en la emoción). Método: Participaron 940 personas (62.87% mujeres; 37.12% hombres) divididas en dos submuestras. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), así mismo la correlación de Pearson y el Alfa de Cronbach para examinar la fiabilidad y validez de la adaptación al español del CSI-SF. Resultados: El análisis de consistencia interna reveló una alta fiabilidad para todas las escalas (EFE = .890, PFE = .836. PFD = .767, EFD = .934), y todos los índices de ajuste utilizados para examinar el CSI-SF versión española proporcionaron soporte para su uso como una medida adecuada de las estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés. Discusión/Conclusión: La escala CSI-SF versión española es una prueba que proporciona un diagnóstico rápido y eficiente cuyos factores explican el 62.79% de la varianza común total de las estrategias de afrontamiento que se emplean frente a la situación de estrés en distintos ámbitos.

ANALISIS FAKTOR PSIKOLOGIS DAN STRATEGI COPING STRES MAHASISWA MENIKAH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19

ABSTRACTCurrently, the number of married students in higher education is increasing from year to year. The roles played by students and housewives are very susceptible to causing stress for students. Interestingly, even though the COVID-19 pandemic is currently hitting, this has no impact on the student's decision-making process in getting married. This study aims to explore more deeply related psychological factors that influence student marriage decision making and find out the stress coping strategies developed by these students when facing pressure as a student with the status of being a wife and housewife. The research approach is qualitative phenomenology involving six students as research subjects. The data collection process was carried out by in-depth interviews and observation. The results of the study found that psychological factors that influenced student decision-making to marry during the COVID-19 pandemic were motivation, perception, learning, and attitude. Stress coping strategies developed by students to deal with the pressure (stress) they face are intropunitive, defensive, introversive, interactive, and impressive.Keywords: psychological factors, stress coping, student married ABSTRAKSaat ini jumlah mahasiswa menikah pada Perguruan Tinggi meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Peran yang dijalani sebagai mahasiswa dan ibu rumah tangga sangat rentan menyebabkan stres bagi mahasiswa. Menariknya, meski saat ini pandemic COVID 19 sedang melanda, namun hal ini tidak berdampak pada proses pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa dalam melakukan pernikahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi lebih dalam terkait faktor psikologis yang mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa menikah dan mengetahui strategi copign stres yang dikembangkan mahasiswa tersebut ketika menghadapi tekanan sebagai seorang mahasiswa dengan status menjadi istri atau ibu rumah tangga. Pendekatan penelitian adalah kualitatif fenomenologi yang melibatkan enam orang mahasiswa sebagai subjek penelitian. Proses pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam (in depth interview) dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan faktor psikologis yang mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa untuk menikah pada masa pandemic COVID 19 adalah motivasi, persepsi, belajar dadn sikap. Strategi coping stres yang dikembangkan mahasiswa untuk menghadapi tekanan (stres) yang dihadapi adalah intropunitive,defensivenes, intropersistive,, interpersistive, dan Impersistive.Kata Kunci: faktor psikologis, coping stres, mahasiswa menikah

Coping stress toward post-death of a couple: A qualitative study in single mothers

The study aimed to figure out the picture of a couple’s post-death stress and coping strategies used by working single mothers. The research approach uses qualitative descriptive with case study design. Characteristics of single mother participants, working and having children. Data were obtained through interviews of participants concerned accompanied by significant other interviews. The data analysis used in this study is a thematic data analysis technique. The results showed the symptoms of stress experienced by participants in increased blood pressure, frequent delays in work, irritability, dietary changes, and experiencing sleep disorders. Each participant’s stress was the shrinkage of economic, social, and psychological resources. Participants’ stress coping strategies include; planful problem solving, confrontative, seeking social support, distance, escape/avoidance, positive reappraisal, self-control, and accepting responsibility.

Experiences of gifted students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey

COVID-19 began to spread all over the world in the Spring of 2020. All schools, including the institutions serving students with special needs, were closed to decrease the spread of the virus. The schools had to shift to online education, which was a new experience for most students. In addition to the negative effects of the pandemic itself, the new learning format required extra effort from students. Gifted and talented students as a special group with special educational and socio-emotional needs may have experienced the pandemic differently. In the present study, we aimed to explore gifted and talented students’ subjective well-being, feelings of hope, and stress coping strategies with a quantitative method. In addition, we used a qualitative method and asked a few open-ended questions to dig deeper into these students’ experiences during the pandemic. We found a statistically significant correlation among subjective well-being, hope, and stress coping strategies. Effective stress coping strategies are used more frequently than negative ones. We revealed that although there are some positive sides to the process, the students described some difficulties with social interaction, access and use of technology, motivation, and physical health. Based on the findings, we suggested some important implications and recommendations for parents, educators, and policymakers.

Emotional Competence Within the Stress Coping Strategies of Music Education Students

Researchers have identified high levels of stress among music education students, but we know very little about how students manage this stress and how emotional competence skills might be utilized within stress coping mechanisms for this population. Through this qualitative study, we sought to understand the stress coping strategies of eight music education majors through the lens of emotional competence as outlined by Saarni. We identified several sources of participants’ stress: general life stress, schedule, performance expectations, and coursework. Student coping strategies included awareness of stress, an attitude of pushing through, self-care, and seeking support. Through coding and utilization of the theoretical framework, we concluded that all eight of Saarni’s emotional competence skills were evident in the data as a whole, but not for each individual participant. Minimal evidence was found for half of the skills and for some students they were nonexistent, thus indicating a need for growth in emotional competency. Gaining an understanding of how music education majors cope with their stress could be a key step toward understanding how to better support students throughout their degree programs and as they transition into the field of music education.

Occupational Stress, Coping Strategies, Health, and Well-Being Among University Academic Staff—An Integrative Review

Occupational stress has been constantly rising among academics in universities globally, which affects their health and well-being. Although some studies reviewed occupational stress in academics, there has been less systematic evidence reviewed occupational stress of academic staff through the lens of the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping (TTSC). This integrative review aims to search, extract, appraise and synthesise recent evidence relating to occupational stress, coping strategies, health, and well-being of university academic staff. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology provides a structure for searching and reporting the search outcomes. Primary studies relating to occupational stress, coping strategies, health, and well-being of academics in university published from 2010 onwards were selected from five databases, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science in June 2020. Keywords included &ldquo;stress&rdquo;, &ldquo;coping strategy&rdquo;, &ldquo;health&rdquo;, &ldquo;well-being&rdquo;, &ldquo;academics&rdquo; and &ldquo;university&rdquo; in various combinations. The boolean operators &ldquo;AND&rdquo; and &ldquo;OR&rdquo; were also used. 17 out of 682 articles were included in this review. Most studies reported academics experienced moderate to high level of stress, and the heavy workload was one of the main stressors. Both positive and negative coping methods were used by academics to cope with stress. Occupational stress can contribute to poor mental health and decreased well-being of academics. This review can help to understand the work phenomenon of university academics and improve their health and well-being, which in turn can contribute to satisfaction and productivity within the educational institutes.